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Next-generation sequencing of rhesus macaques lung after treatment with a low-dose or clinical antenatal corticosteroid treatment

ABSTRACT: Purpose: Evaluate fetal lung maturation and transcriptome after clinical treatment with antenatal corticosteroids compared to an alternative treatment with a slow release low-dose formulation. Methods: Lung mRNA profiles of rhesus macaques were generated by RNA sequencing. Reads that met quality thresholds were aligned to the rhesus macaque genome and number of reads per gene was counted. RNA-sequencing of the hippocampus was done. Differential expression analysis was done using read counts. Results: A relatively low dose of Beta-Ac increased lung compliance, surfactant concentration and relative airspace of the fetal lung equivalent to the clinical drug. By transcriptome analyses, the early suppression of genes associated with immune responses and the downregulation of genes associated with developmental pathways were less changed by Beta-Ac than the clinical drug. There were no significant differences between Beta-Ac and control while the clinical drug suppressed maturational pathways including genes involved in neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation and stem cell fate commitment. Conclusions: We report that low-dose betamethasone-acetate has decreased impact on lung transcriptome compared to the clinical treatment.

ORGANISM(S): Macaca mulatta

PROVIDER: GSE118438 | GEO | 2019/06/21

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Oral dosing for antenatal corticosteroids in the rhesus macaque

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Project description:Purpose: Our goal was to evaluate the pathways through which chorioamnionitis induces fetal lung maturation and how it interacts with a low-dose treatment with antenatal corticosteroids to further enhance fetal lung maturation. Methods: We treated pregnant rhesus macaque at 132 days (80% gestation) with intre-amniotic bacterla lipopolissacharide to model chorioamnionitis or a low-dose antenatal corticosteroids treatment with betamethasone-acetate (Beta-Ac 0.125mg/kg) or both treatments. Fetuses were delivered by c-section after 5 days and RNA-sequencing of whole lung tissue was performed. Another group of fetuses exposed to LPS was delivered 16h after treatment. Preterm controls were delivered at 132 days and term controls were delivered at 155 days and received no intervention. Results: Treatment with Beta-Ac in the setting of chorioamnionitis improves lung compliance and increases surfactant production relative to either treatment alone. RNA sequencing shows that these changes are mediated by suppression of proliferation and induction of mesenchymal cellular death. The combined exposure results in a mature-like transcriptomic profile with inhibition of extracellular matrix development by suppression of collagen genes and regulators of lung development. ACS and inflammation also suppressed signature genes associated with proliferative mesenchymal progenitors similar to the term lung. Conclusion: Treatment with ACS in the setting of inflammation may result in early respiratory advantage to preterm infants, but this advantage may come at a cost of abnormal extracellular matrix development which may be associated with increased risk of chronic lung disease.

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Next-generation sequencing of rhesus macaques lung after treatment with a low-dose or clinical antenatal corticosteroid treatment

Project description:Next-generation sequencing of rhesus macaques lung after treatment with a low-dose or clinical antenatal corticosteroid treatment

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Expression data from Columbia Lung Adenocarcinoma Human Tumor Cells

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Expression data from Columbia Lung Adenocarcinoma Human Tumor Cells

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