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Gene expression profiling in hepatic tissue of newly weaned pigs fed pharmacological zinc supplemented diets

ABSTRACT: Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element for all life forms. Zn supplementation has been used to treat diarrheal disease in children, and in the U.S. swine industry at pharmacological levels to promote growth and fecal consistency, but underlying mechanisms explaining these beneficial effects remain unknown. Thus, we hypothesized that the benefits of pharmacological Zn supplementation were a result of changes in gene expression. For this study, liver RNA from newly weaned pigs fed dietary Zn as Zn oxide for 14 days at either adequate (150 Zn/kg) or pharmacological (2000 mg Zn/kg) levels was evaluated using a 70-mer oligonucleotide microarray. Interrogation of this microarray revealed 658 annotated transcripts (FDR ≤ 0.05) affected by pharmacological Zn supplementation. Relative real-time RT-PCR was used to confirm differential expression of two genes. Results suggest that feeding pharmacological Zn (2000 mg Zn/kg) affects genes involved in reducing oxidative stress and in amino acid metabolism, which are essential for cell detoxification and proper cell function.

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE11972 | GEO | 2008/10/02

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA105847

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Development of immune competence in pigs is important for resilience, disease resistance, and performance later in life. Dietary interventions in early life can contribute to immune system development. Use of model dietary interventions, such as diets with a high concentration of zinc, can contribute to the understanding of the interactions between the diet, the intestinal microbiota and intestinal tissues. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of provision of a diet with a high concentration of zinc (Zn, 2690 mg/kg), as model intervention, as compared to provision of a control diet with a regular Zn concentration (100 mg/kg) during a period of nine days during the post weaning period (d 14-23 post weaning (pw)), on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and gene expression in the intestinal mucosa on d 23 and 35 pw (12 d after the termination of the Zn intervention). Whole genome gene expression analysis of the jejunal and ileal mucosa revealed a small overall time-treatment interaction effect at d 23 pw in both intestinal tissues. In both jejunal and ileal mucosa various genes/probes were differentially up or down regulated between treatments. In intestinal tissue samples obtained on d 35 no differences in gene expression were observed. Probes of d 23 pw that were differently expressed and had an annotation were subsequently used as input for further functional analysis using DAVID and Gene Decks databases. The analysis did not result in the identification of gene sets that were differentially expressed between dietary treatments. However, it was shown that a number of upregulated genes in the jejunal mucosa on d 23 pw by the high zinc intervention are involved in pathways related to mineral absorption, immune signalling and cell energy metabolism (glycolysis and gluconeogenesis). A few down regulated genes by the Zn intervention are also involved in immune signalling pathways. It was concluded from the present study that provision of a diet with a high concentration of zinc as zinc oxide during a short period of time (9 days) to piglets in the post weaning period (d 14-23 pw) induces differences on the intestinal expression of genes in part related to the functioning of the local innate immune system. The high dietary zinc intervention can therefore be considered as a suitable model for studying relationships between dietary interventions and development of immune competence in post weaning piglets.

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Gene expression profiling in hepatic tissue of newly weaned pigs fed pharmacological zinc supplemented diets

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