Analysis of whole genome expression change after NPD13668 treatment
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE122997 | GEO | 2019/02/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is a rare and highly aggressive pediatric tumor. The average survival time after diagnosis is less than one year. Currently, there are no effective treatments. Characteristic of DIPG is a mutation in histone H3 which leads to a substitution of Lysine 27 to Methionine (H3K27M) which deregulates Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), including enzymatic activity of EZH2. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of EZH2 by chemical agents decreases DIPG cell proliferation and inhibits tumor growth in vivo. My thesis project aims to confirm that EZH2 could be a therapeutic target using chemical EZH2 inhibitors, small interfering RNAs and a CRISPR/Cas9 approach in a series of DIPG tumor cell lines and to determine underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
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Project description:The Wnt/b-catenin signaling inhibits adipogenesis. Genome-wide profiling studies have revealed the enrichment of histone H3K27 methyltransferase PRC2 on Wnt genes. However, the functional significance of such a direct link between the two types of developmental regulators in mammalian cells, and the role of PRC2 in adipogenesis, remain unclear. Here we show PRC2 and its H3K27 methyltransferase activity are required for adipogenesis. PRC2 directly represses Wnt1, 6, 10a and 10b genes in preadipocytes and during adipogenesis. Deletion of the enzymatic Ezh2 subunit of PRC2 eliminates H3K27me3 on Wnt promoters and de-represses Wnt expression, which leads to activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling and inhibition of adipogenesis. Ectopic expression of the wild type Ezh2, but not the enzymatically inactive F667I mutant, prevents the loss of H3K27me3 and the defects in adipogenesis in Ezh2-/- preadipocytes. The adipogenesis defects in Ezh2-/- cells can be rescued by expression of adipogenic transcription factors PPARa, C/EBPb, or inhibitors of Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Interestingly, Ezh2-/- cells show marked increase of H3K27 acetylation globally as well as on Wnt promoters. These results indicate that H3K27 methyltransferase PRC2 directly represses Wnt genes to facilitate adipogenesis, and suggest that acetylation and trimethylation on H3K27 play opposing roles in regulating Wnt expression. To identify additional PRC2-regulated genes in preadipocytes, we performed microarray analysis in Ezh2flox/flox preadipocytes infected with retroviruses expressing Cre or vector alone.
2010-03-19 | E-GEOD-20054 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The project aimed at identifying the cofactors regulating Polycomb complex PRC2 enzymatic activity in gonads. We used a knock-in mouse model where the enzymatic subunit of PRC2 (either EZH2 or EZH1) is tagged (Flag-tag) to purify PRC2 from mouse adult testis. This experiment revealed the existence of a new cofactor for PRC2 that we called GPIF (AU022751).
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Project description:Canonically, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) serves as the main catalytic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), mediating H3K27me3 deposition and transcriptional repression. Here, we report that, in MLL1-rearranged acute leukemias, EZH2 has additional noncanonical functions by binding the oncoprotein cMyc at its non-PRC2 target sites where EZH2 uses a hidden transactivation domain (TAD) for (co)activator recruitment and gene activation. Canonical (EZH2:PRC2) and noncanonical (EZH2-TAD:cMyc) activities of EZH2 both promote oncogenesis, thus explaining the slow and often ineffective antitumor effects by current catalytic inhibitors of EZH2. To suppress EZH2’s multifaceted activities in cancer, we employed the Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) technology and developed a small-molecule degrader, MS177, which achieved effective, on-target depletion of EZH2 and its interacting partners (i.e., both canonical EZH2:PRC2 and noncanonical EZH2:cMyc complexes). MS177-mediated onco-target degradation is cereblon- and proteasome-dependent. Compared to EZH2 enzymatic inhibitors, MS177 is fast-acting and much more potent in suppressing cancer growth. Overall, this study reveals noncanonical oncogenic functions of EZH2, and presents a highly effective PROTAC for targeting EZH2’s multifaceted tumorigenic actions and a novel and attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EZH2-depdendent cancers.
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Project description:Canonically, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) serves as the main catalytic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), mediating H3K27me3 deposition and transcriptional repression. Here, we report that, in MLL1-rearranged acute leukemias, EZH2 has additional noncanonical functions by binding the oncoprotein cMyc at its non-PRC2 target sites where EZH2 uses a hidden transactivation domain (TAD) for (co)activator recruitment and gene activation. Canonical (EZH2:PRC2) and noncanonical (EZH2-TAD:cMyc) activities of EZH2 both promote oncogenesis, thus explaining the slow and often ineffective antitumor effects by current catalytic inhibitors of EZH2. To suppress EZH2’s multifaceted activities in cancer, we employed the Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) technology and developed a small-molecule degrader, MS177, which achieved effective, on-target depletion of EZH2 and its interacting partners (i.e., both canonical EZH2:PRC2 and noncanonical EZH2:cMyc complexes). MS177-mediated onco-target degradation is cereblon- and proteasome-dependent. Compared to EZH2 enzymatic inhibitors, MS177 is fast-acting and much more potent in suppressing cancer growth. Overall, this study reveals noncanonical oncogenic functions of EZH2, and presents a highly effective PROTAC for targeting EZH2’s multifaceted tumorigenic actions and a novel and attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EZH2-depdendent cancers.
2021-12-29 | GSE180447 | GEO
Project description:Canonically, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) serves as the main catalytic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), mediating H3K27me3 deposition and transcriptional repression. Here, we report that, in MLL1-rearranged acute leukemias, EZH2 has additional noncanonical functions by binding the oncoprotein cMyc at its non-PRC2 target sites where EZH2 uses a hidden transactivation domain (TAD) for (co)activator recruitment and gene activation. Canonical (EZH2:PRC2) and noncanonical (EZH2-TAD:cMyc) activities of EZH2 both promote oncogenesis, thus explaining the slow and often ineffective antitumor effects by current catalytic inhibitors of EZH2. To suppress EZH2’s multifaceted activities in cancer, we employed the Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) technology and developed a small-molecule degrader, MS177, which achieved effective, on-target depletion of EZH2 and its interacting partners (i.e., both canonical EZH2:PRC2 and noncanonical EZH2:cMyc complexes). MS177-mediated onco-target degradation is cereblon- and proteasome-dependent. Compared to EZH2 enzymatic inhibitors, MS177 is fast-acting and much more potent in suppressing cancer growth. Overall, this study reveals noncanonical oncogenic functions of EZH2, and presents a highly effective PROTAC for targeting EZH2’s multifaceted tumorigenic actions and a novel and attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EZH2-depdendent cancers.
2021-12-29 | GSE180446 | GEO
Project description:Canonically, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) serves as the main catalytic subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), mediating H3K27me3 deposition and transcriptional repression. Here, we report that, in MLL1-rearranged acute leukemias, EZH2 has additional noncanonical functions by binding the oncoprotein cMyc at its non-PRC2 target sites where EZH2 uses a hidden transactivation domain (TAD) for (co)activator recruitment and gene activation. Canonical (EZH2:PRC2) and noncanonical (EZH2-TAD:cMyc) activities of EZH2 both promote oncogenesis, thus explaining the slow and often ineffective antitumor effects by current catalytic inhibitors of EZH2. To suppress EZH2’s multifaceted activities in cancer, we employed the Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) technology and developed a small-molecule degrader, MS177, which achieved effective, on-target depletion of EZH2 and its interacting partners (i.e., both canonical EZH2:PRC2 and noncanonical EZH2:cMyc complexes). MS177-mediated onco-target degradation is cereblon- and proteasome-dependent. Compared to EZH2 enzymatic inhibitors, MS177 is fast-acting and much more potent in suppressing cancer growth. Overall, this study reveals noncanonical oncogenic functions of EZH2, and presents a highly effective PROTAC for targeting EZH2’s multifaceted tumorigenic actions and a novel and attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EZH2-depdendent cancers.
2021-12-29 | GSE150823 | GEO
Project description:Differentiation and activation of T cells require the activity of numerous histone lysine methyltransferases (HMT) that control the transcriptional T cell output. One of the most potent regulators of T cell differentiation is the HMT Ezh2. Ezh2 is a key enzymatic component of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that silences gene expression by histone H3 di/tri-methylation at lysine 27. Surprisingly, in many cell types, including T cells, Ezh2 is localized in both the nucleus and the cytosol. Here we show the presence of a nuclear-like PRC2 complex in T cell cytosol and demonstrate a role of cytosolic PRC2 in T cell antigen receptor mediated signaling. We show that short-term suppression of PRC2 precludes TCR driven T cell activation in vitro. We also demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of PRC2 in vivo greatly attenuates the severe T cell driven autoimmunity caused by Treg depletion. Our data reveal cytoplasmic PRC2 is one of the most potent regulators of T cell activation and points towards the therapeutic potential of PRC2 inhibitors for the treatment of T cell driven autoimmune diseases.
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Project description:The Wnt/b-catenin signaling inhibits adipogenesis. Genome-wide profiling studies have revealed the enrichment of histone H3K27 methyltransferase PRC2 on Wnt genes. However, the functional significance of such a direct link between the two types of developmental regulators in mammalian cells, and the role of PRC2 in adipogenesis, remain unclear. Here we show PRC2 and its H3K27 methyltransferase activity are required for adipogenesis. PRC2 directly represses Wnt1, 6, 10a and 10b genes in preadipocytes and during adipogenesis. Deletion of the enzymatic Ezh2 subunit of PRC2 eliminates H3K27me3 on Wnt promoters and de-represses Wnt expression, which leads to activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling and inhibition of adipogenesis. Ectopic expression of the wild type Ezh2, but not the enzymatically inactive F667I mutant, prevents the loss of H3K27me3 and the defects in adipogenesis in Ezh2-/- preadipocytes. The adipogenesis defects in Ezh2-/- cells can be rescued by expression of adipogenic transcription factors PPARa, C/EBPb, or inhibitors of Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Interestingly, Ezh2-/- cells show marked increase of H3K27 acetylation globally as well as on Wnt promoters. These results indicate that H3K27 methyltransferase PRC2 directly represses Wnt genes to facilitate adipogenesis, and suggest that acetylation and trimethylation on H3K27 play opposing roles in regulating Wnt expression.
2010-03-19 | GSE20054 | GEO
Project description:Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a highly aggressive brain tumour that is located in the pons and primarily affects children. Whole-exome sequencing studies have identified recurrent driver mutations in H3F3A and HIST1H3B, leading to the expression of histone H3 in which lysine 27 is substituted with methionine (H3K27M) in nearly 80% of DIPGs. H3K27M inhibits Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) activity by binding to its catalytic subunit EZH2 and although DIPGs with H3K27M mutation show global loss of H3 with trimethylated lysine 27 (H3K27me3), several genomic loci are still H3K27me3 positive. Here, we describe a new mouse DIPG model in which H3K27M potentiates tumourigenesis. Using this model and primary patient-derived DIPG cell lines, we show that H3K27M expressing tumours require PRC2 for proliferation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that small molecule EZH2 inhibitors abolish in vitro and in vivo tumour cell growth through a mechanism involving induction of the tumour suppressor protein p16INK4A. In agreement with this, we show that tumour cells with inactivated p16INK4A function do not respond to EZH2 inhibitors. By analysing genome-wide H3K27me3 enrichment profile in mouse DIPG model, we highlight distinct features of the loci that lose or retain H3K27me3 in H3K27M expressing cells. Taken together these results show that residual PRC2 activity is required for the proliferation of H3K27M positive DIPGs, and we propose a therapeutic strategy for these tumours using EZH2 inhibitors and expression of p16INK4A as a marker for stratifying potential responding tumours.
2017-08-31 | GSE71387 | GEO