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MRNA destabilization by BTG1 and BTG2 maintains T cell quiescence [mTAIL-seq]

ABSTRACT: Quiescence is a cellular state in which cells undergo reversible cell cycle arrest in response to environmental challenges or lack of stimuli. When favourable conditions are engaged, the cells exit quiescence and start to proliferate. For example, quiescent stem cells and oocytes are activated by differentiation signals and fertilization, respectively. The regulation of quiescent state is also crucial for lymphocytes, such as T cells. Inappropriate activation of T cells often leads to autoimmune diseases and thus, the balance between quiescent and activated T cells must be preserved. Despite its importance, however, how T cells maintain the ‘quiescent state’ and exit from it remain largely unknown. Here, we identify BTG1 and BTG2 (BTG1/2) as factors responsible for T cell quiescence. Knockout of Btg1/2 in T cells resulted in a reduced threshold to T cell activation, increased proliferation and a concomitant reduction of the frequency of naive T cells. Loss of BTG1/2 rendered naive T cells to become spontaneously activated even without TCR stimuli. Interestingly, we found a global increase in mRNA abundance in naive T cells that lack BTG1/2. In addition, depletion of BTG1/2 led to an increase in mRNA half-life and poly(A) tail length. Thus, BTG1/2 promotes deadenylation and degradation of mRNA in naive T cells. Our study demonstrates a key mechanism underlying T cell quiescence, and suggests low mRNA abundance as a key feature for maintaining quiescent T cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE125889 | GEO | 2020/01/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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mRNA destabilization by BTG1 and BTG2 maintains T cell quiescence [RNA-seq]

Project description:Quiescence is a cellular state in which cells undergo reversible cell cycle arrest in response to environmental challenges or lack of stimuli. When favorable conditions are engaged, the cells exit quiescence and start to proliferate. For example, quiescent stem cells and oocytes are activated by differentiation signals and fertilization, respectively. The regulation of quiescent state is also crucial for lymphocytes, such as T cells. Inappropriate activation of T cells often leads to autoimmune diseases and thus, the balance between quiescent and activated T cells must be preserved. Despite its importance, however, how T cells maintain the ‘quiescent state’ and exit from it remain largely unknown. Here, we identify BTG1 and BTG2 (BTG1/2) as factors responsible for T cell quiescence. Knockout of Btg1/2 in T cells resulted in a reduced threshold to T cell activation, increased proliferation and a concomitant reduction of the frequency of naive T cells. Loss of BTG1/2 rendered naive T cells to become spontaneously activated even without TCR stimuli. Interestingly, we found a global increase in mRNA abundance in naive T cells that lack BTG1/2. In addition, depletion of BTG1/2 led to an increase in mRNA half-life and poly(A) tail length. Thus, BTG1/2 promotes deadenylation and degradation of mRNA in naive T cells. Our study demonstrates a key mechanism underlying T cell quiescence, and suggests low mRNA abundance as a key feature for maintaining quiescent T cells.

2020-01-31 | GSE125865 | GEO

Pandey2018-reversible transition between quiescence and proliferation

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Staufen1 inhibits MyoD translation to actively maintain muscle stem cell quiescence

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2023-11-02 | PXD044239 | Pride

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Condensin-dependent chromatin condensation represses transcription globally during quiescence [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Quiescence is a stress-resistant state in which cells reversibly exit the mitotic cell cycle and suspend most cellular processes. Quiescence is essential for stem cell maintenance and its misregulation is implicated in tumor formation. One of the conserved hallmarks of quiescent cells, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to humans, is highly condensed chromatin. Here, we use Micro-C XL to map chromatin contacts at single-nucleosome resolution genome-wide to elucidate mechanisms and functions of condensed chromatin in quiescent S. cerevisiae cells. We describe previously uncharacterized chromatin domains on the order of 10-60 kilobases that in quiescent cells are formed by condensin-mediated chromatin loops. Conditional depletion of condensin prevents chromatin condensation during quiescence entry and leads to widespread transcriptional de-repression. We further demonstrate that condensin-dependent chromatin compaction is conserved in quiescent human fibroblasts. We propose that condensin-dependent condensation of chromatin represses transcription throughout the quiescent cell genome.

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Condensin-dependent chromatin condensation represses transcription globally during quiescence [Micro-C XL]

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Genome-wide ETS-1 binding profile to chromatin in human CD4+ T lymphocytes [ChIP-seq]

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