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Understanding the stromal composition of fat-associated lymphoid clusters of the omentum using single-cell transcriptomics

ABSTRACT: We profile the transcriptome of over 4000 murine single cells from the stromal non-endothelial fraction of the omentum. We uncover that the omentum is composed of 2 populations of fibroblasts which differentially express Ccl11 and Ccl19 and three populations of mesothelial cells. One of these mesothelial populations were distinguised by the expression of inflammatory genes and the other one by the expression of anti-viral genes. This study unveil the complexcity of the stromal niche in the omentum and revealed the adaptation of the mesothelium to FALCs function.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE136636 | GEO | 2019/09/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Expression data from visceral mesothelium (omentum) and parietal meosthelium

Project description:Mesothelia, which cover all coelomic organs and body cavities in vertebrates, perform diverse functions in embryonic and adult life. Yet, mesothelia are traditionally viewed as simple, uniform epithelia. We used microarrays to demonstrate distinct differences between visceral and parietal mesothelia, the most basic subdivision of this tissue type, in terms of gene expression. Visceral mesothelium was isolated from the omentum of adult Wt1-cre;Rosa26ReYFP mice. In parallel, parietal mesothelium was isolated by teasing the mesothelium from the underlying skeletal muscle of the body wall of these animals. RNA was then extracted from these native mesothelia samples and used for hybridization in a microarray experiment.

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Microarray analysis of primary human peritoneal mesothelial cells derived from omentum

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2019-12-31 | E-MTAB-7793 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2019-12-31 | E-MTAB-7485 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Hand2 delineates mesothelium progenitors and is reactivated in mesothelioma

Project description:The mesothelium forms epithelial membranes that line the bodies cavities and surround the internal organs. Mesothelia widely contribute to organ homeostasis and regeneration, and their dysregulation can result in congenital anomalies of the viscera, ventral wall defects, and mesothelioma tumors. Nonetheless, the embryonic ontogeny and developmental regulation of mesothelium formation has remained uncharted. Here, we combine genetic lineage tracing, in toto live imaging, and single-cell transcriptomics in zebrafish to track mesothelial progenitor origins from the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). Our single-cell analysis uncovers a post-gastrulation gene expression signature centered on hand2 that delineates distinct progenitor populations within the forming LPM. Combining gene expression analysis and imaging of transgenic reporter zebrafish embryos, we chart the origin of mesothelial progenitors to the lateral-most, hand2-expressing LPM and confirm evolutionary conservation in mouse. Our time-lapse imaging of transgenic hand2 reporter embryos captures zebrafish mesothelium formation, documenting the coordinated cell movements that form pericardium and visceral and parietal peritoneum. We establish that the primordial germ cells migrate associated with the forming mesothelium as ventral migration boundary. Functionally, hand2 mutants fail to close the ventral mesothelium due to perturbed migration of mesothelium progenitors. Analyzing mouse and human mesothelioma tumors hypothesized to emerge from transformed mesothelium, we find de novo expression of LPM-associated transcription factors, and in particular of Hand2, indicating the re-initiation of a developmental transcriptional program in mesothelioma. Taken together, our work outlines a genetic and developmental signature of mesothelial origins centered around Hand2, contributing to our understanding of mesothelial pathologies and mesothelioma.

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2022-02-22 | PXD011938 | Pride

Understanding the stromal composition of fat-associated lymphoid clusters of the omentum using single-cell transcriptomics

Project description:Understanding the stromal composition of fat-associated lymphoid clusters of the omentum using single-cell transcriptomics

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Identification of novel markers of the mesothelial lineage and mesothelioma

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RNA-seq gene expression profiles of primary murine peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Project description:Local factors produced in the tissue microenvironment play essential roles in promoting the ontogeny and phenotype of tissue resident macrophages (TRM). In the peritoneal cavity, large peritoneal macrophages (LPM) are the dominant TRMs that functionally mediate type 2 immunity, facilitate tissue repair of the mesothelium, and protect against peritoneal fibrosis. It is established that retinoic acid derived from the omentum induces transcription factor Gata6 expression in LPMs, which in turn regulates gene expression of factors that define peritoneal macrophages. It is still unclear whether retinoic acid is the sole local factor that regulates Gata6 expression in LPMs. Mesothelial cells line the entire peritoneal cavity and produce a protective, non-adhesive barrier against injury, at least in part by recruiting immune cells with secreted cytokines, such as M-CSF. We hypothesized that secreted factors from peritoneal mesothelial cells are also responsible for regulating LPM development including both ontogeny and function. Due to their immediate proximity to the peritoneal cavity, we propose that mesothelial cells can produce and secrete proteins into the peritoneum to maintain Gata6 expression by LPMs. To identify secreted factors that are highly and specifically expressed in mesothelial cells, we harvested primary mesothelial cells from 10-week-old C57BL/6 mice using FACS selection (CD45- PDPN+ GPM6a+). Total RNA was isolated from these cells and subjected to RNA-seq analysis after depletion of ribosomal RNA.

2020-08-01 | GSE129391 | GEO

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