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Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Megakaryocyte-Biased Hematopoiesis in Myelofibrosis and Identify Mutant Clone-Specific Targets

ABSTRACT: Myelofibrosis is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by increased numbers of abnormal bone marrow megakaryocytes that induce fibrosis, destroying the hematopoietic microenvironment. To determine the cellular and molecular basis for aberrant megakaryopoiesis in myelofibrosis, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of 135,929 CD34+Lineage- hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), single-cell proteomics, genomics and functional assays. We identified a bias towards megakaryocyte differentiation apparent from early multipotent stem cells in myelofibrosis and associated aberrant molecular signatures. A sub-fraction of myelofibrosis megakaryocyte progenitors (MkP) were transcriptionally similar to healthy-donor MkP but the majority were disease-specific, with distinct populations expressing fibrosis- and proliferation-associated genes. Mutant-clone HSPCs showed increased expression of megakaryocyte-associated genes compared to wild-type HSPCs, and we provide early validation of G6B as a potential immunotherapy target. Our study paves the way for selective targeting of the myelofibrosis clone and illustrates the power of single-cell multi-omics to discover tumor-specific therapeutic targets and mediators of tissue fibrosis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE144568 | GEO | 2020/05/07

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Single-cell analyses reveal aberrant pathways for megakaryocyte-biased hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis and identify mutant clone-specific targets

Project description:Myelofibrosis is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by increased numbers of abnormal bone marrow megakaryocytes that induce progressive fibrosis, destroying the hematopoietic microenvironment. To determine the cellular and molecular basis for aberrant megakaryopoiesis in myelofibrosis, we performed high-throughput single-cell transcriptome profiling of 50,702 hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), and single-cell proteomics, genomics and functional assays. We identified an aberrant pathway for direct megakaryocyte differentiation from the earliest stages of hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis and associated aberrant molecular signatures, including surface antigens selectively expressed by JAK2-mutant HSPCs. Myelofibrosis megakaryocyte progenitors were heterogeneous, with distinct expression of fibrosis and proliferation-associated genes and putative therapy targets. We validated the integrin G6B as a promising JAK2-mutant clone-specific surface antigen, warranting further development as an immunotherapeutic target. Our study paves the way for selective immunotherapeutic targeting in myelofibrosis and more broadly illustrates the power of single-cell multi-omics to discover tumor-specific therapeutic targets and mediators of tissue fibrosis.

2020-06-30 | GSE131593 | GEO

Deciphering transcriptome alterations in bone marrow hematopoiesis at single-cell resolution in immune thrombocytopenia

Project description:Purpose and Methods: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), an autoimmune disorder, is mainly caused by megakaryocyte dysfunction, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of bone marrow (BM) CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to determine defects in megakaryopoiesis in ITP. Results: Gene expression, cell-cell interactions, and transcriptional regulatory networks varied in HSPCs of ITP, particularly in natural killer/T cell progenitors and a pre-B cell subset, highlighting the selective immune aberratixon associated with defective megakaryopoiesis in ITP. CD9 can be used to enrich megakaryocyte-biased HSPCs, and CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs have the potential to be novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in ITP. Further analysis revealed that megakaryocytic progenitors (MkP) can be divided into seven subclusters with different gene expression patterns and functions. The ITP-associated DEGs were MkP subtype-specific, with most DEGs concentrated in the subcluster possessing dual functions of immunomodulation and platelet generation. Conclusions: This study comprehensively dissects defective hematopoiesis and provides novel therapeutic targets for ITP.

2022-09-03 | GSE196676 | GEO

Single cell transcriptomc analysis of CD34+ cells from primary myelofibrosis patient

Project description:We performed single cell RNA sequencing by means of 10X Genomics platform of CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Cells were isolated through immunomagnetic selection from frozen PBMCs coming from one patient with PMF who evolved to Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Three timepoints were considered: chronic phase (Time1), after 8 months of Ruxolitinib treatment (Time2) and after 11 months of Ruxolitinib treatment at AML diagnosis (Time3). The main purpose of this project was to reconstruct the composition of the neoplastic clone in terms of HSPCs subpopulations at different time-points during disease evolution and to study changes in gene expression within each cell cluster over time.

2021-02-16 | GSE153319 | GEO

Fate mapping reveals two pathways of native thrombopoiesis (bulk RNA sequencing)

Project description:Bulk transcriptomes of Megakaryocyte progenitor cells isolated from bone marrow of WT mice; the following cell types were sorted: CD48high Megakaryocyte Progenitor (MkP): lineage- Sca-1- c-kit+ CD41+ CD150+ CD48hi; CD48-/low Megakaryocyte Progenitor (MkP): lineage- Sca-1- c-kit+ CD41+ CD150+ CD48lo

2022-04-28 | GSE183409 | GEO

Single-cell analyses reveal aberrant pathways for megakaryocyte-biased hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis and identify mutant clone-specific targets

Project description:Single-cell analyses reveal aberrant pathways for megakaryocyte-biased hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis and identify mutant clone-specific targets

| PRJNA544104 | ENA

Fate mapping reveals two pathways of native thrombopoiesis (scRNA sequencing)

Project description:Transcriptomes of 1141 single cells isolated from bone marrow of induced R26rtTA/rtTA/Col1A1H2B-GFP/H2B-GFP mice; the following cell types were sorted: Megakaryocyte Progenitor (MkP): lineage- Sca-1- c-kit+ CD41+ CD150+; Multipotent Progenitor (MPP): lineage- Sca-1+ c-kit+ CD48- CD150- ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC):lineage- Sca-1+ c-kit+ CD48- CD150+; E34 HSC: lineage- Sca-1+ c-kit+ CD48- CD150+ CD201hi CD34-/lo; Restricted hematopoietic progenitor 1 (HPC-1): lineage- Sca-1+ c-kit+ CD48+ CD150-; lineage- kit+ CD41- CD150- cells; lineage- kit+ CD150+ cells.

2022-04-28 | GSE159390 | GEO

Ricolinostat promotes the generation of megakaryocyte progenitors from human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

Project description:Ex vivo production of induced megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets from stem cells is an alternative approach for supplying transfusible platelets. However, it is still difficult to generate large numbers of MKs and platelets from cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. To optimize the differentiation efficiency of megakaryocytic cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), we first employed a platelet factor 4 (PF4)-promoter reporter and high-throughput screening strategy to screen for small molecules. We found that a small molecule, Ricolinostat, efficiently promoted the generation of CD34+CD41+ megakaryocyte progenitor cells (MkPs) and CD41+CD61+ MKs from cord blood HSPCs. Ricolinostat showed the capacity to enhance the cell fate commitment of MkPs from HSPCs and promoted the proliferation of CD34+CD41+ MkPs. Ricolinostat significantly increased the gene expression levels of key MK transcriptional factors, including HOXC6 and PCGF2. Notably, these megakaryocytic cells generated from Ricolinostat-induced HSPCs could differentiate into mature MKs and platelets. Additionally, RNA sequencing data suggested that Ricolinostat might enhance MkP fate mainly by inhibiting the secretion of IL-8 and decreasing the expression of IL-8 receptor CXCR2. Our study will help in the development of manufacturing protocols for large-scale generation of induced MKs and platelets for clinical application.

2022-02-09 | GSE182181 | GEO

A glycan-based approach to cell characterization and isolation (bulk RNA-Seq)

Project description:We leverage the extraordinary molecular diversity of modified heparan sulfate (HS) glycans to establish cellular glycotypes, defined by binding patterns of a panel of flow-cytometry compatible single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFvs) specific for differentially modified HS. We find distinct glycotypes between closely related hematopoietic progenitors and lineages. The glycotypes of murine and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) reveal dynamic yet similar HS modification patterns in vivo and in vitro, including along megakaryocyte and erythrocyte differentiation. Prospective HS scFv-based sorting identifies new cellular subtypes from both immunophenotypic megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors and heterogeneous pools of HSPCs, thus offering additional discriminative power beyond conventional CD markers. Mechanistically, single-cell RNAseq revealed that a heptad of HS-related genes participate in megakaryocyte-erythrocyte fate determination and are reflective of the HS epitope recognized by specific HS scFvs. In summary, HS glycotyping establishes a role for HS modification patterns in hematopoietic lineage differentiation in mouse and human, and provides an orthogonal approach to define and isolate viable cell types across different cell lineages and species at unprecedented resolution.

2022-08-24 | GSE206670 | GEO

A glycan-based approach to cell characterization and isolation (scRNA-Seq)

Project description:We leverage the extraordinary molecular diversity of modified heparan sulfate (HS) glycans 8 to establish cellular glycotypes, defined by binding patterns of a panel of flow-cytometry compatible single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scFvs) specific for differentially modified HS. We find distinct glycotypes between closely related hematopoietic progenitors and lineages. The glycotypes of murine and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) reveal dynamic yet similar HS modification patterns in vivo and in vitro, including along megakaryocyte and erythrocyte differentiation. Prospective HS scFv-based sorting identifies new cellular subtypes from both immunophenotypic megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors and heterogeneous pools of HSPCs, thus offering additional discriminative power beyond conventional CD markers. Mechanistically, single-cell RNAseq revealed that a heptad of HS-related genes participate in megakaryocyte-erythrocyte fate determination and are reflective of the HS epitope recognized by specific HS scFvs. In summary, HS glycotyping establishes a role for HS modification patterns in hematopoietic lineage differentiation in mouse and human, and provides an orthogonal approach to define and isolate viable cell types across different cell lineages and species at unprecedented resolution.

2022-08-24 | GSE206671 | GEO

CXCL8/CXCR2 signaling is Enriched in Fibrotic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and is Vulnerable to Therapeutic Inhibition [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Pro-inflammatory signaling is a hallmark feature of human cancer, including in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), most notably myelofibrosis (MF). Dysregulated inflammatory signaling contributes to fibrotic progression in MF; however, the individual cytokine mediators elicited by malignant MPN cells to promote collagen-producing fibrosis and disease evolution remain yet to be fully elucidated. Previously we identified a critical role for combined constitutive JAK/STAT and aberrant NF-kB pro-inflammatory signaling in myelofibrosis development. Using single-cell transcriptional and cytokine-secretion studies of primary MF patient cells and two separate murine models of myelofibrosis, we extend this previous work and delineate the role of CXCL8/CXCR2 signaling in MF pathogenesis and bone marrow fibrosis progression. MF patient hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells are enriched in a CXCL8/CXCR2 gene signature and display dose-dependent proliferation and fitness in response to exogenous CXCL8 ligand in vitro. Genetic deletion of Cxcr2 in the hMPLW515L adoptive transfer model abrogates fibrosis and extends overall survival, and pharmacologic inhibition of the CXCR1/2 pathway improves hematologic parameters, attenuates bone marrow fibrosis, and synergizes with JAK inhibitor therapy. Our mechanistic insights provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of the CXCL8/CXCR2 pathway in MF patients at risk for continued fibrotic progression.

2023-05-12 | GSE189979 | GEO

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