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RNA Sequencing Facilitates Quantitative Analysis of Wild Type(MRL-mpj) and MRL-lpr (PBS or MSC treated) Hippocampoal Transcriptomes

ABSTRACT: Up to 75% of systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients experience neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms, called neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Complement cascades mediate synaptic pruning by microglia during early postnatal brain development. The process in NPSLE remains unclear. Here, we show that complement-coordinated elimination of synaptic terminals participated in NPSLE in MRL/lpr mice, a lupus-prone murine model. We elucidated that lupus mice developed increased anxiety-like behaviors and persistent phagocytic microglia reactivation before overt peripheral lupus pathology. Microglial engulfment of synapses explained behavioral disorders. We further determined that neuronal Nr4a1 signaling was essential for attracting C1q synaptic deposition then apposition of phagocytic microglia, ensuing synaptic loss and neurological disease. Minocycline-deactivated microglia, antibody-blocked C1q, or neuronal Nr4a1 restore protected lupus mice from synapse loss and NP manifestations. Our findings revealed an active role of neurons in coordinating microglia-mediated synaptic loss and highlight neuronal Nr4a1 and C1q as critical components amenable to pharmacological intervention.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE154288 | GEO | 2022/02/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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RNA Sequencing Facilitates Quantitative Analysis of Lupus (MRL/lpr) and Control（MRL/mpj）Mouse Microglia Tanscriptomes

Project description:Up to 75% of systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients experience neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms, called neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Microglia control synaptic pruning during early postnatal brain development. The process in NPSLE remains unclear. Here, we show that microglia-coordinated elimination of synaptic terminals participated in NPSLE in MRL/lpr mice, a lupus-prone murine model. We elucidated that lupus mice developed increased depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and persistent phagocytic microglia reactivation before overt peripheral lupus pathology. Microglial engulfment of synapses explained behavioral disorders. To elucidate the mechanism of synaptic pruning by microglia, we sequenced the gene expression in sorted microglia from both lupus (MRL/lpr) mice and the wild-type (MRL/mpj) controls.

2024-03-27 | GSE201282 | GEO

IKBKE contributes to neuropsychiatric manifestations in lupus-prone mice

Project description:Objectives. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ dysfunction. Neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) occurs in 30~40% of patients with lupus and is the most severe presentation of SLE, frequently resulting in limitation of daily life. Recent studies have shown that microglia, tissue-resident macrophages in the central nervous system, are involved in the pathogenesis of NPSLE. Herein, we explored new therapeutic targets for NPSLE focusing on microglia. Methods. RNA sequencing of microglia in MRL/lpr, lupus-prone mice, as well as that of microglia cultured in vitro with cytokines were performed. A candidate gene, which could be a therapeutic target for NPSLE, was identified and its role on microglial activation and phagocytosis was investigated using specific inhibitors and siRNA. The effect of intracerebroventricular administration of the inhibitor on the behavioural abnormalities of MRL/lpr was also evaluated. Results. Transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of Ikbke, which encodes the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase epsilon (IKBKE) in both microglia from MRL/lpr mice and cytokine-stimulated microglia in vitro. Intracerebroventricular administration of an IKBKE inhibitor ameliorated cognitive function and suppressed microglial activation in MRL/lpr mice. Mechanistically, IKBKE inhibition reduced glycolysis, which dampened microglial activation and phagocytosis. Conclusions. These findings suggest that IKBKE plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of NPSLE via microglial activation, and it could serve as a therapeutic target for NPSLE.

2022-09-13 | GSE199662 | GEO

Lupus autoantibodies initiate a maladaptive homeostasis sustained by HMGB1:RAGE signaling and reversed by LAIR-1:C1q signaling

Project description:Cognitive impairment is a frequent manifestation of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), present in up to 80% of patients and leading to a diminished quality of life. We have developed a model of lupus-like cognitive impairment which is initiated when anti-DNA, anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) cross- reactive antibodies, which are present in 30% of SLE patients, penetrate the hippocampus. This leads to immediate, self-limited excitotoxic death of CA1 pyramidal neurons followed by loss of dendritic arborization in the remaining CA1 pyramidal neurons and impaired spatial memory. Both microglia and C1q are required for dendritic loss. Here we show that this pattern of hippocampal injury creates a maladaptive homeostasis that is sustained for at least one year. It requires HMGB1 secretion by neurons to bind RAGE, a receptor for HMGB1 expressed on microglia, and leads to decreased expression of microglial LAIR-1, an inhibitory receptor for C1q. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril, which can restore a healthy homeostasis, microglial quiescence, and intact spatial memory, leads to upregulation of LAIR-1. This paradigm highlights HMGB1:RAGE and C1q:LAIR-1 interactions as pivotal pathways in the microglial–neuronal interplay that defines a physiologic versus a maladaptive homeostasis.

2023-05-01 | GSE230077 | GEO

The gene expression analysis of human astrocyte exposure to anti-suprabasin antibody: identification of a novel antibody for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Project description:[Objectives]: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is often difficult to diagnose and distinguish from those of other diseases, because no specific antibodies have yet been detected. [Methods]: We developed a novel proteomic strategy for identifying and profiling antigens in immune complexes (ICs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 26 NPSLE patients. We performed in vitro experiments using astrocytes and analyzed functional change by microarray. [Results]: We identified ICs of suprabasin (SBSN), a molecule which is thought to play a role in epidermal differentiation. Microarray data showed that the senescence and autophagy pathways were significantly changed in astrocytes with anti-SBSN antibody exposure compared to normal immunoglobulin G (IgG) exposure. [Conclusions]: These findings indicate that SBSN could be a novel autoantibody for the evaluation of suspected NPSLE, and may help elucidate the pathogenesis underlying this disease.

2016-09-01 | GSE79189 | GEO

The gene expression analysis of human astrocyte exposure to anti-suprabasin antibody: identification of a novel antibody for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

2016-09-01 | E-GEOD-79189 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Neuronal integrity, not activity, drives synaptic material clearance by microglia after CNS injury

Project description:Phagocytosis of synaptic debris by microglia is critical for CNS development and homeostasis. Less well understood are microglial functions in injured adult brain, where their presumed role is clearance of neuronal debris. Assay of this process is challenging, because the resulting peripheral myeloid-cell engraftment is difficult to dissociate from microglial clearance. The model used here, optic nerve crush injury in adult mouse, stimulates rapid engulfment of synaptic material by microglia residing in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), sufficiently distant from the injury to preclude peripheral-cell engraftment. Pre-injury pharmacological depletion of microglia causes post-injury accumulation of synaptic debris, suggesting that these, not astrocytes, are the dominant post-injury phagocytes. Genetic and pharmacological manipulations revealed that neuronal activity, which regulates microglial engulfment of synaptic debris in development, does not do so in post-injury synaptic material clearance in adulthood, where such clearance depends instead on axonal integrity. RNAseq reveals C1q involvement in clearance of debris by LGN-resident microglia, supporting our finding of its impaired clearance in C1qa-/- and Itgam-/- mice. Our results demonstrate how neurodegenerative debris is cleared by microglial phagocytosis, and offer a model for assaying microglial phagocytic activity and studying its mechanisms and physiological roles.

2018-06-07 | GSE107635 | GEO

Genome-wide analysis of lupus immune complex stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and how this is regulated by C1q

Project description:The goal of this study was to determine what genes are up- and down-regulated in response to lupus immune complexes in total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our results have shown that novel genes are induced by immune complexes that are likely important for lupus pathogenesis plus that C1q regulates these pathways and induces multiple new pathways not previously identified. Total RNA was isolated from PBMCs from 2 donors after 5 hours with the following condiitons: 1) Unstimulated, 2) Lupus immune complex alone, 3) Lupus immune complex + C1q, 4) C1q alone

2011-12-07 | E-GEOD-32279 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide analysis of lupus immune complex stimulation and how this response is regulated by C1q

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE32278: Genome-wide analysis of lupus immune complex stimulation of purified CD14+ monocytes and how this response is regulated by C1q GSE32279: Genome-wide analysis of lupus immune complex stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and how this is regulated by C1q Refer to individual Series

2011-12-07 | E-GEOD-32285 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Complement C1q-dependent synapse elimination by astrocytes in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Project description:Synapse loss and glial activation are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In Tau P301S transgenic mice, the complement pathway contributes to neuronal damage through microglial elimination of synapses. Here, we used unbiased proteomic profiling of postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions from Tau P301S mice in C1q-WT versus C1q knockout backgrounds to identify C1q-dependent changes at synapses. Integrative multi-omics analysis revealed that astrocyte- and microglia- specific proteins are increased in Tau P301S synapse fractions with age and in a C1q-dependent manner. The same set of glial proteins (including C1q, C4, Gpnmb, and S100a4) is elevated in human AD synaptic fractions, and C4 levels are raised in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AD patients. Besides microglia, we show that astrocytes contribute substantially to excitatory and inhibitory synapse engulfment in Tau P301S hippocampus. Based on staining of synapse markers within lysosomes, astrocytes showed preference for excitatory synapses whereas microglia preferred to engulf inhibitory synapse markers. Genetic deletion of C1q reduced astrocytic eating of excitatory and inhibitory synapses in Tau P301S mice, and rescued synapse density. Together, our data indicate that astrocytes contact and phagocytose synapses in a C1q- dependent manner and thereby contribute to synapse loss and neurodegeneration in AD.

2021-11-03 | MSV000088313 | MassIVE

Genome-wide analysis of lupus immune complex stimulation of purified CD14+ monocytes and how this response is regulated by C1q

Project description:The goal of this study was to determine what genes are up- and down-regulated in response to lupus immune complexes in purified CD14+ monocyte stimulations. Our results have shown that novel genes are induced by immune complexes but the response is less robust when using purified monocytes versus total PBMCs Total RNA was isolated from CD14+ monocytes from 2 donors after 5 hours with the following conditions: 1) Unstimulated, 2) Lupus immune complex alone, 3) Lupus immune complex + C1q, 4) C1q alone

2011-12-07 | E-GEOD-32278 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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