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DNMT3.1 controls life span and trade-off between growth and fecundity under the starved condition in the cladoceran crustacean Daphnia magna

ABSTRACT: Purpose: We aim to clarify the physiological function of DNMT3.1 in extending longevity and energy allocation to reproduction under starved condition. In this study, we introduced a mutation into DNMT3.1 and analyzed the transcriptional changes, corresponded to phenotypic changes, of the mutant compared to wild type under starved condition. Methods: Whole body mRNA profiles of 12 days old daphnids from wild type (WT) and mutant (MT) cultured in nutrient rich (HF) and starved (LF) conditions were proceeded by using Illumina sequencing (provided by Novogene). Data analysis was performed by using CLC Genomics Workbench 12 (Qiagen) software. Results: In nutrient rich and starved conditions, numbers of differentially expressed genes were 220 and 2770 respectively, between wild type and mutant. Conclusions: Consistent with the DNMT3.1 mutant phenotypes, the starved condition led to larger difference of transcriptome between the mutant and wild type. This findind reveal how energy allocation is implemented by selective expression of a DNMT3 ortholog.

ORGANISM(S): Daphnia magna

PROVIDER: GSE158129 | GEO | 2020/09/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The lengthy and complicated multidrug therapy currently available to treat active tuberculosis (TB) infection has contributed to medical non-adherence and the emerging problems of multidrug-resistant (MDR)- and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB, which are particularly deadly in the setting of HIV co-infection. The prolonged therapy required to eradicate TB infection is believed to reflect the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to persist within host necrotic granulomas in a non-replicating state characterized by antibiotic tolerance to bactericidal drugs, which predominantly target actively dividing tubercle bacilli. The stringent response enzyme, RelMtb, is essential for Mtb survival under physiologically relevant stress conditions in vitro and in the lungs of mice and guinea pigs. A library of over 2 million compounds was screened in RelMtb-inhibition assays and whole-cell screens under conditions in which RelMtb is essential. A total of 178 RelMtb inhibitor candidates, representing 18 unique scaffolds, were identified and 39 compounds were tested against nutrient-starved wild-type Mtb. The antibiotic susceptibility of a relMtb deletion mutant (Δrel) was studied during nutrient starvation and chronic infection in mice, and isoniazid and RelMtb inhibitor candidates were tested for synergy against nutrient-starved wild-type Mtb and Δrel using checkerboard assays. The minimum bactericidal concentration of isoniazid was 500-fold lower against Δrel relative to wild type during nutrient starvation, and the potent bactericidal activity of isoniazid was maintained against Δrel during chronic infection in the lungs of mice. Inhibition of RelMtb appears to be a promising new approach to target Mtb persisters, with the potential to shorten the duration of treatment for drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB. We used microarray to characterize the transcriptomic profiles of the wild type and Δrel during nutrient starvation. The RelMtb inhibitor, (E)-4-(3-methyl-4-(2-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethoxy)styryl)benzoic acid, killed wild-type Mtb and prevented isoniazid tolerance during nutrient starvation. Treatment of nutrient-starved wild-type with the RelMtb inhibitor led to downregulation of the RelMtb regulon. Transcriptomic analysis revealed an altered gene expression in Δrel and wild-type treated with RelMtb inhibitor during nutrient starvation.

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DNMT3.1 controls life span and trade-off between growth and fecundity under the starved condition in the cladoceran crustacean Daphnia magna

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