Transcriptional changes in the absence of nth-1, xpa-1 and nth-1;xpa-1
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Caenorhabditis elegans
PROVIDER: GSE16405 | GEO | 2010/04/12
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA116301
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Background: The ability of an organism to repair DNA damage is implicated in carcinogenesis and aging. Interestingly expression profiling of Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient segmental progeroid mice revealed gene expression changes resembling these observed in aged wild type animals. Our previous transcriptional profiling of NER-deficient C. elegans xpa-1 mutant showed overrepresentation of genes involved in lifespan determination and upregulation of several oxidative stress response genes (Fensgard et al. Aging 2010). However, since an independent study performed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) showed limited number of changes in xpa-1 mutant. Therefore to independently validate that transcriptome modulation does take place in xpa-1 mutants, we performed another global gene expression profiling based on 5 independent biological replicates allowing more stringent statistical analysis. Results: In agreement with what was observed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) current transcriptomic analysis detected fewer changes in xpa-1 C. elegans mutant with only a few genes regulated more than 4-fold. Nevertheless, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed on statistically significantly regulated unique protein coding genes revealed overrepresentation of aging gene cluster. Moreover, as before, overexpression of several genes involved in oxidative stress responses was detected. Conclusion: More stringent statistical analysis predictably resulted in a smaller number of regulated genes and thus overrepresented GOs comparing to the earlier paper. However, major conclusions of the previous study can be still regarded as valid, as the most important aging GO is still overrepresented. Background: The ability of an organism to repair DNA damage is implicated in carcinogenesis and aging. Interestingly expression profiling of Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient segmental progeroid mice revealed gene expression changes resembling these observed in aged wild type animals. Our previous transcriptional profiling of NER-deficient C. elegans xpa-1 mutant showed overrepresentation of genes involved in lifespan determination and upregulation of several oxidative stress response genes (Fensgard et al. Aging 2010). However, since an independent study performed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) showed limited number of changes in xpa-1 mutant. Therefore to independently validate that transcriptome modulation does take place in xpa-1 mutants, we performed another global gene expression profiling based on 5 independent biological replicates allowing more stringent statistical analysis. Results: In agreement with what was observed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) current transcriptomic analysis detected fewer changes in xpa-1 C. elegans mutant with only a few genes regulated more than 4-fold. Nevertheless, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed on statistically significantly regulated unique protein coding genes revealed overrepresentation of aging gene cluster. Moreover, as before, overexpression of several genes involved in oxidative stress responses was detected. Conclusion: More stringent statistical analysis predictably resulted in a smaller number of regulated genes and thus overrepresented GOs comparing to the earlier paper. However, major conclusions of the previous study can be still regarded as valid, as the most important aging GO is still overrepresented. Background: The ability of an organism to repair DNA damage is implicated in carcinogenesis and aging. Interestingly expression profiling of Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient segmental progeroid mice revealed gene expression changes resembling these observed in aged wild type animals. Our previous transcriptional profiling of NER-deficient C. elegans xpa-1 mutant showed overrepresentation of genes involved in lifespan determination and upregulation of several oxidative stress response genes (Fensgard et al. Aging 2010). However, since an independent study performed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) showed limited number of changes in xpa-1 mutant. Therefore to independently validate that transcriptome modulation does take place in xpa-1 mutants, we performed another global gene expression profiling based on 5 independent biological replicates allowing more stringent statistical analysis. Results: In agreement with what was observed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) current transcriptomic analysis detected fewer changes in xpa-1 C. elegans mutant with only a few genes regulated more than 4-fold. Nevertheless, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed on statistically significantly regulated unique protein coding genes revealed overrepresentation of aging gene cluster. Moreover, as before, overexpression of several genes involved in oxidative stress responses was detected. Conclusion: More stringent statistical analysis predictably resulted in a smaller number of regulated genes and thus overrepresented GOs comparing to the earlier paper. However, major conclusions of the previous study can be still regarded as valid, as the most important aging GO is still overrepresented. Activation of oxidative stress-responses and downregulation of insulin-like signaling (ILS) is seen in Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient segmental progeroid mice. Evidence suggests that this is a survival response to persistent transcription-blocking DNA damage, although the relevant lesions have not been identified. Here we provide evidence for transcriptional reprogramming in NER-deficient C. elegans xpa-1 by transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. This reprograming is accompanied by increased intracellular ROS and ATP levels and lifespan shortening in xpa-1 mutant. Moreover we show that Base Excision Repair DNA glycosylase NTH-1 is upstream form the signaling events leading to transcriptomic changes, as its downregulation reverses overexpression of sod-3, gst-4 and aqp-1 genes, reduces intracellular ROS and ATP levels and reverses lifespan shortening observed in xpa-1 mutant. Surprisingly, however, these responses appear to not depend on cyclopurine levels, since these lesions are lower in xpa-1 C. elegans mutant than in the wild type. Finally, we also explore here which other upstream factors are necessary for transcriptional reprograming in xpa-1 mutant. Untreated Caenorhabditis elegans mutant deficient in xpa-1 and the wild type N2 strain were subjected to transcriptome analysis using Affymetrix platform. For each sample group five replicates were analyzed.
2013-05-03 | E-GEOD-39252 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: The ability of an organism to repair DNA damage is implicated in carcinogenesis and aging. Interestingly expression profiling of Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient segmental progeroid mice revealed gene expression changes resembling these observed in aged wild type animals. Our previous transcriptional profiling of NER-deficient C. elegans xpa-1 mutant showed overrepresentation of genes involved in lifespan determination and upregulation of several oxidative stress response genes (Fensgard et al. Aging 2010). However, since an independent study performed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) showed limited number of changes in xpa-1 mutant. Therefore to independently validate that transcriptome modulation does take place in xpa-1 mutants, we performed another global gene expression profiling based on 5 independent biological replicates allowing more stringent statistical analysis. Results: In agreement with what was observed by Boyd and coworkers (Boyd et al. Mut Res 2010) current transcriptomic analysis detected fewer changes in xpa-1 C. elegans mutant with only a few genes regulated more than 4-fold. Nevertheless, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed on statistically significantly regulated unique protein coding genes revealed overrepresentation of aging gene cluster. Moreover, as before, overexpression of several genes involved in oxidative stress responses was detected. Conclusion: More stringent statistical analysis predictably resulted in a smaller number of regulated genes and thus overrepresented GOs comparing to the earlier paper. However, major conclusions of the previous study can be still regarded as valid, as the most important aging GO is still overrepresented. Activation of oxidative stress-responses and downregulation of insulin-like signaling (ILS) is seen in Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) deficient segmental progeroid mice. Evidence suggests that this is a survival response to persistent transcription-blocking DNA damage, although the relevant lesions have not been identified. Here we provide evidence for transcriptional reprogramming in NER-deficient C. elegans xpa-1 by transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. This reprograming is accompanied by increased intracellular ROS and ATP levels and lifespan shortening in xpa-1 mutant. Moreover we show that Base Excision Repair DNA glycosylase NTH-1 is upstream form the signaling events leading to transcriptomic changes, as its downregulation reverses overexpression of sod-3, gst-4 and aqp-1 genes, reduces intracellular ROS and ATP levels and reverses lifespan shortening observed in xpa-1 mutant. Surprisingly, however, these responses appear to not depend on cyclopurine levels, since these lesions are lower in xpa-1 C. elegans mutant than in the wild type. Finally, we also explore here which other upstream factors are necessary for transcriptional reprograming in xpa-1 mutant.
2013-05-03 | GSE39252 | GEO
Project description:Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a photosensitive, DNA repair disorder associated with progeria caused by a defect in the transcription-coupled repair (TCR) subpathway of nucleotide excision repair (NER). Here, complete inactivation of NER in Csbm/m/Xpa-/- mutants causes a phenotype that reliably mimics the human progeroid CS syndrome. Newborn Csbm/m/Xpa-/- mice display attenuated growth, progressive neurological dysfunction, retinal degeneration, cachexia, kyphosis and die before weaning. To investigate whether a disturbance in growth and metabolism could explain the pronounced accelerated organismal deterioration seen in Csbm/m/Xpa-/- mice, we evaluated the liver transcriptome of 15-day old wt, single and double mutant mice (n=4). At this age, the Csbm/m/Xpa-/- pups have not yet become cachectic. Mouse liver transcriptome analysis and several physiological endpoints revealed systemic suppression of the GH/IGF1 somatotroph axis and oxidative metabolism, increased antioxidant responses, hypoglycemia together with hepatic glycogen and fat accumulation. Broad genome-wide parallels between Csbm/m/Xpa-/- and naturally aged mouse liver transcriptomes suggested that these changes are intrinsic to natural aging and the DNA repair-deficient mice. Importantly, wild type (wt) mice exposed to a low dose of chronic genotoxic stress and adult Csbm/m mutant mice recapitulated this response, thereby pointing to a novel link between genome instability and the age-related decline of the somatotroph axis.
2007-01-01 | E-MEXP-835 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-SIRT1-PGC-1α axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD+ precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a novel nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health.
2015-06-04 | GSE55485 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-SIRT1-PGC-1α axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD+ precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a novel nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health.
2015-06-04 | GSE55484 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-SIRT1-PGC-1? axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD+ precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a novel nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health. Mice carrying WT, or CX (Csa-/-/Xpa-/-) alleles in a C57BL/6 background were maintained under standard laboratory conditions and allowed free access to water and control casein pelleted diet (Research Diets D12450B). At 3 months of age, 3 replicates of each of the CX and WT mice were given subcutaneous interscapular injections of 500 mg of Nicotinamide riboside/kg body weight/day or the equivalent volume of saline for 14 consecutive days at 4:00 pm. On day 15, the mice were sacrificed and half of the cerebellum was harvested for purification of mitochondria, with the left half snap-frozen, homogenized, and aliquoted for RNA isolation. Total RNA extraction was done using a TRIzol Plus RNA purification kit as per manufacturer’s protocol. Quality and quantity of the total RNA was tested using the Agilent 2100 Bio-Analyzer and RNA 6000 nano kits. The RNA was labeled using the standard Illumina protocol and hybed overnight to Mouse Ref-8 Illumina arrays. The arrays were scanned using the Beadstation 500 X from Illumina.
2015-06-04 | E-GEOD-55485 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: Nucleotide excision repair (NER) in mammalian cells requires the xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein (XPA) as a core factor. Remarkably, XPA and other NER proteins have been detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation at some active promoters, and NER deficiency is reported to influence the activated transcription of selected genes. However, the global influence of XPA on transcription in human cells has not been determined. Methods: We analyzed the human transcriptome by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Four genetically matched human cell line pairs deficient or proficient in XPA were analyzed Results: Of the ~14,000 genes transcribed in each cell line, 325 genes (2%) had a significant XPA-dependent directional change in gene expression that was common to all four pairs (with a false discovery rate of 0.05). These genes were enriched in pathways for the maintenance of mitochondria. Only 27 genes were different by more than 1.5-fold. The most significant hits were AKR1C1 and AKR1C2, involved in steroid hormone metabolism. AKR1C2 protein was lower in all of the immortalized XPA-deficient cells. Retinoic acid treatment led to modest XPA-dependent activation of some genes with transcription-related functions. Conclusions: We conclude that XPA status does not globally influence human gene transcription. However, XPA significantly influences expression of a small subset of genes important for mitochondrial functions and steroid hormone metabolism. The results may help explain defects in neurological function and sterility in individuals with xeroderma pigmentosum.
2017-07-07 | GSE100855 | GEO
Project description:XPA is a central scaffold protein in nucleotide excision repair (NER) that interacts with and coordinates the assembly of repair complexes. Inactivating mutations in XPA causes Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP), which is characterized by extreme UV sensitivity and a highly elevated skin cancer risk. Here, we describe two Dutch siblings in their late forties carrying a homozygous H244R substitution in the C-terminus of XPA with a mild manifestation of XP without skin cancer, but with neurological features including cerebellar ataxia. We show that the mutant XPA protein shows a severely weakened interaction with the TFIIH complex leading to its inefficient association with NER complexes and an inability to support the efficient association of the ERCC1-XPF endonuclease with repair complexes. Despite these defects, we find that patient-derived fibroblasts and reconstituted knockout cells carrying the H244R substitution show considerable levels of residual global genome repair (~40%), which is in intrinsic property of the mutated protein as revealed by in vitro experiments. In contrast, patient fibroblasts and engineered cells only expressing the mutant XPA protein were fully deficient in transcription-coupled repair. We report a new case of XPA deficiency that interferes with TFIIH binding and primarily affects the transcription-coupled sub-pathway of nucleotide excision repair, which is more closely associated with neurological features than to skin abnormalities.
2023-02-19 | PXD033520 | Pride
Project description:Genome maintenance defects cause complex disease phenotypes characterized by developmental failure, cancer susceptibility and premature aging. It remains poorly understood how DNA damage responses function during organismal development and maintain tissue functionality when DNA damage accumulates with aging. Here we show that the FoxO transcription factor DAF-16 is activated in response to DNA damage during development while the DNA damage responsiveness of DAF-16 declines with aging. We find that in contrast to its established role in mediating starvation arrest, DAF-16 alleviates DNA damage induced developmental arrest and even in the absence of DNA repair promotes developmental growth and enhances somatic tissue functionality. We demonstrate that the GATA transcription factor EGL-27 co-regulates DAF-16 target genes in response to DNA damage and together with DAF-16 promotes developmental growth. We propose that EGL-27/GATA activity specifies DAF-16 mediated DNA damage responses to enable developmental progression and to prolong tissue functioning when DNA damage persists. Synchronized L1 and xpa-1 mutant larvae were UV or mock treated, or starved
2014-11-18 | E-GEOD-51161 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We compared the transcriptomic response to UVC radiation in widltype (N2), DNA repair-deficient (xpa-1), and germ cell-deficient (glp-1) young adult nematodes. We were interested in the wildtype response to this stressor, and postulated that the early (3h post-exposure) difference might be different in nucleotide excision repair-deficient (xpa-1) nematodes. We also hypothesized that the response would be different in young adults composed entirely of somatic cells (glp-1 strain at this temperature), compared to germ cell-bearing and gravid young adults (N2 and xpa-1). Finally, we compared constitutive differences in gene expression between the strains.
2009-10-19 | GSE15159 | GEO