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FOXO1 mediates hypoxia-induced G0/G1 arrest in ovarian somatic granulosa cells via activating the TP53INP1-p53-CDKN1A pathway

ABSTRACT: The development of ovarian follicles constitutes the foundation of female reproduction. The proliferation of granulosa cells (GCs) is a basic process required to ensure normal follicular development. However, the mechanisms involved in controlling GC cell cycle are not fully understood. Here, by performing gene expression profiling, we showed that cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase is highly correlated with pathways associated with hypoxic stress and FOXO signalling. Specifically, the elevated proportion of GCs at the arrested G0/G1 phase was accompanied by increased nuclear translocation of FOXO1 under conditions of hypoxia both in vivo and in vitro. Actually, phosphorylation of 14-3-3 by the JNK kinase is required for hypoxia-mediated FOXO1 activation and the resultant G0/G1 arrest. Notably, FOXO1 mutant without DNA-binding activity failed to induce G0/G1 arrest of GCs during hypoxia. Importantly, we identified a new target gene of FOXO1, namely TP53INP1, which contributed to the suppression of the G1-S cell cycle transition in response to hypoxia. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of the FOXO1-TP53INP1 axis on GC cell cycle is mediated through a p53-CDKN1A-dependent mechanism. These findings might provide avenues for the clinical treatment of human infertility caused by impaired follicular development.

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE175641 | GEO | 2021/07/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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FOXO1 mediates hypoxia-induced G0/G1 arrest in ovarian somatic granulosa cells via activating the TP53INP1-p53-CDKN1A pathway

Project description:FOXO1 mediates hypoxia-induced G0/G1 arrest in ovarian somatic granulosa cells via activating the TP53INP1-p53-CDKN1A pathway

| PRJNA733130 | ENA

CDK4/6 inhibitor-mediated cell overgrowth triggers an osmotic stress response

Project description:Cell size and the cell cycle are intrinsically coupled and abnormal increases in cell size are associated with senescence and permanent cell cycle arrest. The mechanism by which overgrowth primes cells to withdraw from the cell cycle remains unknown. We investigate this here using CDK4/6 inhibitors that arrest cell cycle progression during G0/G1 and are used in the clinic to treat ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. We demonstrate that CDK4/6 inhibition promotes cellular overgrowth during G0/G1, causing p38MAPK-p53-p21-dependent cell cycle withdrawal. We find that cell cycle withdrawal is triggered by two waves of p21 induction. First, overgrowth during a long-term G0/G1 arrest induces an osmotic stress response. This stress response produces the first wave of p21 induction. Second, when CDK4/6 inhibitors are removed, a fraction of cells escape long term G0/G1 arrest and enter S-phase where overgrowth-driven replication stress results in a second wave of p21 induction that causes cell cycle withdrawal from G2, or the subsequent G1. We propose a model whereby both waves of p21 induction contribute to promote permanent cell cycle arrest. This model could explain why cellular hypertrophy is associated with senescence and why CDK4/6 inhibitors have long-lasting effects in patients.

2023-11-27 | PXD036519 | Pride

Down-regulation of linc00598 affects cell cycle related genes in HEK293t cells

Project description:linc00598 is a nuclear localized long noncoding RNA which transcribed in downstream of FoxO1. Previous studies showed that several nuclear retained lncRNAs function as transcriptional regulators. To find out the function of linc00598 as a transcriptional regulator, we performed microarray analysis using linc00598 knock down stable HEK293t cells. The results showed that positive cell cycle regulation related genes including cyclin D2 were regulated transcriptionally by linc00598. It was also observed that knock down of linc00598 induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibit proliferation. Therefore linc00598 represents a novel cell cycle regulatory lncRNA and may be involved in promoting transformation of human cells.

2016-04-22 | GSE80514 | GEO

LncRNA SNHG5 adversely governs follicular growth in PCOS via miR-92a-3p/CDKN1C axis

Project description:Small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) have been implicated in various biological processes, yet their involvement in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains elusive. Specifically, SNHG5, a long non-coding RNA implicated in several human cancers, shows elevated expression in granulosa cells (GCs) of PCOS women and induces PCOS-like features when overexpressed in mice. In vitro, SNHG5 inhibits GC proliferation and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, with RNA-seq indicating its impact on DNA replication and repair pathways. Mechanistically, SNHG5 acts as a competing endogenous RNA by binding to miR-92a-3p, leading to increased expression of target gene CDKN1C, which further suppresses GC proliferation and promotes apoptosis. These findings elucidate the crucial role of SNHG5 in the pathogenesis of PCOS and suggest a potential therapeutic target for this condition. Additional investigations such as large-scale clinical studies and functional assays are warranted to validate and expand upon these findings.

2023-11-05 | GSE246995 | GEO

EZH2 enables germinal center formation through epigenetic silencing of CDKN1A and an Rb-E2F1 positive feedback loop

Project description:The EZH2 histone methyltransferase is required for B cells to form germinal centers (GCs). Here we show that EZH2 mediates GC formation through repression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A (p21Cip1). Deletion of Cdkn1a rescued the GC reaction in Ezh2 knockout mice. To study the effects of EZH2 in primary GC B cells we generated and validated a 3D B cell follicular organoid system that mimics the endogenous GC reaction. Using this system we found that depletion of EZH2 suppressed G1 to S phase transition of GC B cells in a Cdkn1a dependent manner. GC B cells of Cdkn1a;Ezh2 double knockout mice exhibited high levels of phospho Rb, indicating that loss of Cdkn1a allows progression of cell cycle. Moreover, we show that the transcription factor E2F1 plays a major role in inducing EZH2 upregulation during the GC reaction. E2F1 deficient mice manifest impaired GC responses, which was rescued by restoring EZH2 expression, thus defining a positive feedback loop whereby EZH2 controls GC B cell proliferation by suppressing CDKN1A, allowing cell cycle progression with a concomitant phosphorylation of Rb and release of E2F1.

2017-08-10 | GSE95491 | GEO

MicroRNA expression during cell cycle arrest

Project description:The miR-16 family, which targets genes important for the G1-S transition, is a known modulator of the cell cycle, and members of this family are often deleted or down-regulated in many types of cancers. Here we report the reciprocal relationship - that of the cell cycle controlling the miR-16 family. Levels of this family increase rapidly as cells are arrested in G0. Conversely, as cells are released from G0 arrest, levels of the miR-16 family rapidly decrease. Such rapid changes are made possible by the unusual instabilities of several family members. The repression mediated by the miR-16 family is sensitive to these cell cycle changes, which suggests that the rapid up-regulation of the miR-16 family reinforces cell cycle arrest in G0. Upon cell cycle re-entry, the rapid decay of several members allows levels of the family to decrease, alleviating repression of target genes and allowing proper resumption of the cell cycle. Small RNAs were profiled by high-throughput sequencing either during synchronous release after serum starvation or during cell-cycle arrest by contact inhibition.

2011-09-15 | E-GEOD-31225 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PI3 Kinase and FOXO1 activity differentially control B cells in the germinal center light and dark zone

Project description:PI3K signaling and FOXO transcription factors play opposing roles at several B cell developmental stages. We show here abundant nuclear FOXO1 expression in the proliferative compartment of the germinal center (GC), its dark zone (DZ), and PI3K activity, downregulating FOXO1, in the GC light zone (LZ), where cells are selected for further differentiation. However, here FOXO1 is expressed in c-Myc+ cells destined for DZ reentry. Upon FOXO1 ablation by genetic means or induction of PI3K activity GCs become devoid of their DZ, due at least partly to the downregulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. While this is known to prevent proper cyclic selection of cells expressing high-affinity antibodies, the initiation of immunoglobulin switching is essentially dependent on FOXO1 activity. All samples were obtained from mouse germinal center (GC) B cells (Cgamma1-cre; YFP, P110*, FOXO1 f/f or PTEN f/f animals). Cells used for microarray analysis were FACS sorted cells.

2015-11-23 | E-GEOD-68043 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cell cycle-dependent resolution of DNA double-strand breaks repair

Project description:Damage to genomic DNA, especially as DNA double strand breaks (DSB), elicits prompt activation of DNA damage response (DDR) which arrest cell-cycle either G1/S or G2/M to avoid entering S and M phase with DNA damage. In mammalian organs cells are in both proliferating and quiescent states. Quiescent cells are already arrested in G0, therefore there may be fundamental difference in DDR between proliferating and quiescent cells. To address these differences we studied recruitment of DSB repair factors and resolution of DNA lesions induced at site-specific DSBs occurring at different cell cycle phases, i.e. in asynchronously proliferating, G0, and G1 arrested cells. Strikingly, DSBs occurring in G0 quiescent cells are irreparable with a sustained activation of p53-pathway. Conversely, reentry of G0-damaged cells into cell cycle progression, show a delayed clearance of recruited DNA repair factors bound at DSBs, indicating an inefficient repair when compared to DSBs induced in asynchronously proliferating or G1 cells. Moreover, we found that initial recognition of DSBs and assembly of DSB factors is largely similar at different cell cycle phases. Our study thereby demonstrates the crucial role of cell cycle phases in repair and resolution of DSBs.

2015-12-30 | GSE71447 | GEO

BET bromodomain containing epigenetic reader proteins regulate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation

Project description:Recent studies revealed that the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) epigenetic reader proteins resemble key regulators in the underlying pathophysiology of cancer, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. However, whether they also regulate vascular remodeling processes by direct effects on vascular cells is unknown. In this study we investigated the effects of the BET proteins on neointima formation in response to vascular injury in vivo and on human smooth muscle cell function in vitro. In this study we showed that the selective inhibition of BETs by the small molecule (+)-JQ1 dose dependently reduced proliferation and migration of SMCs without apoptotic or toxic effects caused by cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. Whole genome microarray expression profiling analysis revealed a substantial transcriptional regulation of gene sets controlled by the FOXO1-transcription factor. Additional data confirmed that the BET protein BRD4 directly binds to FOXO1 and regulates FOXO1 transactivational capacity. Inhibition of BET epigenetic reader proteins might represent a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent adverse vascular remodeling.

2020-03-27 | GSE138323 | GEO

MicroRNA expression during cell cycle arrest

2011-09-15 | GSE31225 | GEO

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