Differential Effects of TiO2 Nanotubes on Vascular Cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE17676 | GEO | 2010/08/14
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA118463
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The response of primary human endothelial (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to TiO2 nanotube arrays is studied through gene expression analysis. Microarrays revealed that nanotubes enhanced EC proliferation and motility, decreased VSMC proliferation, and decreased expression of molecules involved in inflammation and coagulation in both cell types. Network generated from significantly affected genes suggests that cells may be sensing nanotopographical cues via pathways previously implicated in sensing shear stress. DNA microarrays were used to analyze the response of primary human endothelial (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to nanotopographical TiO2 surfaces. The experiment incorporated a 1 color design and used Agilent arrays that contained roughly 44,00 60mer probes that provide complete coverage of the human genome. 19 arrays were hybridized and represent 4 biological replicates for each group ( with the exception of group VSMC-NT30, which has 3 biological replicates). Data was analyzed separately for each cell type ( EC or VSMC). Gene expression comparisons were made between control cells grown on flat titanium (Ti) and cells grown on either 30nm nanotubes (NT30) or 100nm nantubes ( NT-100).
2010-08-14 | E-GEOD-17676 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This work reports highly selective phosphopeptide enrichment using amorphous TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2NTs) and the same material decorated with superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (TiO2NTs@Fe3O4NPs). TiO2NTs and TiO2NTs@Fe3O4NPs materials were applied for phosphopeptide enrichment both from a simple peptide mixture (tryptic digest of bovine serum albumin and α-casein) as well as from a complex peptide mixture (tryptic digest of Jurkat T cell lysate). The obtained enrichment efficiency and selectivi-ty for phosphopeptides of TiO2NTs and TiO2NTs@Fe3O4NPs was excellent compared to those of the well-established TiO2 micro-spheres. The enrichment protocol was extended for a second elution step facilitating the identification of additional phosphopep-tides. It further turned out that both types of amorphous TiO2 nanotubes provide qualitatively new physico-chemical features that are clearly advantageous for highly selective phosphopeptide enrichment. This has been confirmed experimentally resulting in substantial reduction of non-phosphorylated peptides in the enriched samples. In addition, TiO2NTs@Fe3O4NPs combine a high selectivity with ease of handling due to the superparamagnetic character of the material. The presented materials and performances are further promising for applications towards a whole range of other types of biomolecules to be treated in similar fashion.
2019-06-26 | PXD012749 | Pride
Project description:Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysregulation is a hallmark of vascular disease, including atherosclerosis. In particular, the majority of cells within atherosclerotic lesions are generated from pre-existing VSMCs and a clonal nature has been documented for VSMC-derived cells in multiple disease models. However, the mechanisms underlying the generation of oligoclonal lesions and the phenotype of proliferating VSMCs are unknown.Here we analyse clonal dynamics in multi-color lineage-traced animals over time after vessel injury to understand the cellular mechanisms underlying clonal VSMC expansion in disease.We demonstrate that VSMC proliferation is initiated in a small fraction of VSMCs that initially expand clonally in the medial layer and then migrate to form the oligoclonal neointima. Selective activation of VSMC proliferation also occurs in vitro, suggesting that this is a cell-autonomous feature. Mapping of VSMC trajectories using single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals a continuum of cellular states after injury and suggests that VSMC proliferation initiates in cells that have downregulated the contractile phenotype and show evidence of pronounced phenotypic switching. We show that proliferation is associated with induced expression of stem cell antigen 1 (SCA1) and the expression signature previously identified in SCA1+ VSMCs in healthy arteries. A remarkably increased proliferation of SCA1+ VSMCs, directly validated in functional assays, indicates that SCA1+ VSMCs act as "first responders" in vascular injury. Early atherosclerotic lesions also had clonal VSMC contribution and we show that the proliferation-associated injury response is conserved in plaque VSMCs, extending these findings to atherosclerosis. Finally, we identify VSMCs in healthy human arteries that correspond to the SCA1+ state in mouse VSMCs and show that genes identified as differentially expressed in this human VSMC subpopulation are enriched for genes showing genetic association with cardiovascular disease. We show that cell-intrinsic, selective VSMC activation drives clonal proliferation after injury and in atherosclerosis. Our study suggests that healthy mouse and human arteries contain VSMCs characterised by expression of disease-associated genes that are predisposed for proliferation. Targeting such "first responder" cells in patients undergoing vascular surgery could effectively prevent injury-associated VSMC activation and neoatherosclerosis.
2022-08-25 | GSE162167 | GEO
Project description:Molecular mechanisms responsible for abnormal endometrial vasculature in women receiving long-acting progestin-only contraceptives (LAPCs) are unknown. We hypothesize that LAPCs impairs vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and pericyte proliferation and/or migration producing thin-walled hyperdilated fragile microvessels prone to bleeding. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and alpha smooth muscle actin (aSMA) double-immunohistochemistry assessed VSMC differentiation and proliferation in endometria from women pre- and postDepoProvera (Depo) treatment and from oophorectomized guinea pigs (OVX-GPs) treated with vehicle, estradiol (E2), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or E2+MPA pellets. After treating cultured VSMCs with MPA or etonogestrel (ETO), whole genome profiling, proliferation and migration assays were performed. Endometrial vasculature of Depo-administered women displayed reduced M-DM-.SMA immunoreactivity and fewer PCNA (+) nuclei among aSMA (+) cells (P<0.008). Microarray analysis of VSMCs identified several MPA and ETO-altered transcripts regulated by STAT1 signaling (p<2.22x10-6), including chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). Both MPA and ETO reduced VSMC proliferation and migration (p<0.001), recombinant CCL2 reversed this progestin inhibition, and, in turn, a STAT1 inhibitor abolished these CCL2 effects. Similarly, the endometria of MPA treated OVX-GPs displayed decreased aSMA staining and fewer PCNA (+) nuclei in VSMC (p<0.005). In conclusion, LAPCs promote abnormal endometrial vessel formation by inhibiting VSMC proliferation and migration. Total RNA (n=3) obtained from cultured TDCs incubated 6h with estradiol or estradio + medroxyprogesterone acetate with or without 1 ng/ml IL-1M-NM-2 for 6h.
2015-02-11 | E-GEOD-65835 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The proliferation and remodeling of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is an important pathological event in atherosclerosis and restenosis. Here we report that microRNA-132 (miR-132) blocks vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) proliferation by inhibiting the expression of LRRFIP1 [leucine-rich repeat (in Flightless 1) interacting protein-1]. MicroRNA microarray revealed that miR-132 was upregulated in the rat carotid artery after catheter injury, which was further confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Transfection of an miR-132 mimic significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs, whereas transfection of an miR-132 antagomir increased it. Bioinformatics showed that LRRFIP1 is a target candidate of miR-132. miR-132 down-regulated luciferase activity driven by a vector containing the 3’-untranslated region of Lrrfip1 in a sequence-specific manner. LRRFIP1 induced VSMC proliferation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Lrrfip1 was clearly expressed along with the basal laminar area of smooth muscle, and its expression pattern was disrupted 7 days after arterial injury LRRFIP1 mRNA was decreased 14 days after injury. Delivery of miR-132 to rat carotid artery attenuated neointimal proliferation in carotid artery injury models. Our results suggest that miR-132 is a novel regulator of VSMC proliferation that represses neointimal formation by inhibiting LRRFIP1 expression. Balloon injury was induced in the carotid arteries of male Sprague–Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 g. Total RNA were extracted from the arterial sections after 10 days. MicroRNA profile of the sample was compared with non-injured control.
2013-04-23 | E-GEOD-45433 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mice were aspirated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes in four doses ranging from 10 µg to 80 µg, plus control, and sacrificed after 1, 7, 28, and 56 days. RNA was extracted from the lungs and expression profilling by microarray was performed. This is a reference design two-color experiment. Each array was hybridized with RNA extracted from mouse lung labeled with Cy3, and universal reference RNA labeled with Cy5. Five different doses (0, 10ug, 20ug, 40ug, and 80ug) of multiwalled carbon nanotube aspiration were used and mice were sacrificed after 1, 7, 28, and 56 days. Eight replicates were used at each time/dose condition for a total of 160 arrays.
2012-06-25 | E-GEOD-29042 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We applied RNA-Seq to analyze the effects of silencing of Thoc2 or Thoc5, two components of the THO complex, in cultured VSMC. The result revealed that Thoc5 silencing closely resembled the gene expression changes induced upon PDGF-BB/PDGF-DD treatments in cultured VSMCs. Mechanistically, our RIP-Seq data revealed both Thoc2 and Thoc5 preferentially interacted with VSMC marker gene mRNAs and mediated their expression. Interestingly, mRNAs that lost Thoc2 or Thoc5 binding during VSMC dedifferentiation were enriched for genes important for VSMC identity. In addition, silencing of Thoc2 or Thoc5 led to dedifferentiation of VSMCs in vitro, characterized by decreased VSMC marker gene expression and increased migration and proliferation. Furthermore, we performed immuno-histochemical staining against Thoc2 and Thoc5, and found a dramatic reduction in their expression in human arteries undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) compared to normal internal mammary arteries (IMA). Notably, Thoc5 overexpression in injured rat carotid arteries significantly repressed loss of VSMC marker gene expression and neointima formation. Together, our data introduce dynamic binding of THO to VSMC marker gene mRNAs as a novel mechanism contributing to VSMC fate decisions, and imply Thoc5 as a potential intervention node for vascular diseases.
2018-12-06 | GSE116850 | GEO
Project description:Adult vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) dedifferentiate in response to extracellular cues such as vascular damage and inflammation. Dedifferentiated VSMCs are proliferative, migratory, less contractile, and can contribute to vascular repair as well as to cardiovascular pathologies such as intimal hyperplasia/restenosis in coronary artery and arterial aneurysm. We here demonstrate the role of ubiquitin-like containing PHD and RING finger domains 1 (UHRF1) as an epigenetic master regulator of VSMC plasticity. UHRF1 expression correlated with the development of vascular pathologies associated with modulation of noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs. miR-145 — pivotal in regulating VSMC plasticity, which is reduced in vascular diseases — was found to control Uhrf1 mRNA translation. In turn, UHRF1 triggered VSMC proliferation, directly repressing promoters of cell-cycle inhibitor genes (including p21 and p27) and key prodifferentiation genes via the methylation of DNA and histones. Local vascular viral delivery of Uhrf1 shRNAs or Uhrf1 VSMC-specific deletion prevented intimal hyperplasia in mouse carotid artery and decreased vessel damage in a mouse model of aortic aneurysm. Our study demonstrates the fundamental role of Uhrf1 in regulating VSMC phenotype by promoting proliferation and dedifferentiation. UHRF1 targeting may hold therapeutic potential in vascular pathologies.
2018-12-05 | GSE99472 | GEO
Project description:In order to evaluate the identification of genes and pathways, the global gene expression profiles were assessed in response to UV, TiO2 and UV+TiO2 on nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. We performed whole genome DNA microarray experiments using age synchronized young adult C. elegans population exposed to UV, TiO2 and UV+TiO2 for 24h. We used whole genome microarrays to screen for global changed in C. elegans transcription profiles and with subsequent quantitative analysis conducted on selected genes.
2016-07-16 | GSE84441 | GEO
Project description:Recent in vivo studies reported that inhaled carbon nanotube distribute in the alveolar region resulting in an acute inflammation, progressive fibrotic response and particle accumulation at the bronchoalveolar junction with low clearance. With similar biopersistence and shape as asbestos, a known lung carcinogen, growing concern has arisen for elevated risk of carbon nanotube-induced lung carcinogenesis; however few studies have evaluated long-term human health risks associated with chronic pulmonary carbon nanotube exposures compared to asbestos. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted subchronic in vitro exposures of dispersed single walled carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube and crocidolite asbestos to human small airway epithelial cells to assess their neoplastic transformation potential. Subchronic single-, multi-walled carbon nanotube and asbestos exposures caused human lung cell neoplastic transformation exhibited by increased proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, invasion and angiogenesis. Whole genome profiling and protein expression analyses showed that carbon nanotube-induced transformation mechanism(s) was largely different from asbestos-related inflammatory signaling, suggesting specific carbon nanotube-induced carcinogenic potential. This study provides novel carbon nanotube and asbestos toxicogenomic information for risk assessment and an in vitro model to evaluate transformation potential of carbon nanotubes and other nanoparticles.
2013-07-22 | GSE41178 | GEO