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Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the promoting effects of IAA on biomass production and branching of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

ABSTRACT: Purpose: Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis is one of main economical species cultivated seaweed in China. The yield of G. lemaneiformis was positive related with its rhizoid branching number and length, whereas the regulation on branching and growth of G. lemaneiformis was unclear. IAA was well known to control morphogenesis and growth in land plants. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of IAA on the growth and branch formation of G. lemaneiformis rhizoids. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from G. lemaneiformis with branch and 2 cm of primary branch at 1 and 3 d after IAA treatment, respectively using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Three biological replicates are included for a treatment. RNA-seq were conducted by BGI, Shenzhen. Trinity (v2.0.6) was used to assemble the clean reads and Tgicl (v2.0.6) to perform clustering and eliminate redundant data in the assembled transcripts to obtain unique genes. Results: IAA could activate the pathways in ABCB auxin transporters, precursor biosynthesis of growth-related hormones and plant hormone signal transduction. IAA promoted the precursors synthesis of CTKs, GAs and BR and activated the ARFs involved in IAA signal transduction, and ARR-A and ARR-B involved in CTKs signal transduction, which further regulate the genes encoding cyclin-dependent kinases, cyclins, tubulin, and cell division cycle involved in cell division process. Meanwhile, carbon fixation, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism were also responsive to IAA, revealed that IAA induced to produce more energy and metabolic intermediates for cell growth.

ORGANISM(S): Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

PROVIDER: GSE185906 | GEO | 2021/12/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Bolting is a key process in the growth and development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). High temperature can induce earlier bolting which decreases in both quality and production of lettuce. However, knowledge underlying lettuce bolting is still lacking. To better understand the molecular basis of bolting, a comparative proteomics analysis was conducted on lettuce stems in the bolting period induced by high temperature (33 °C) compared with a control (20 °C) using iTRAQ-based proteomics, phenotypic measures, and biological verifications. High temperature induced lettuce bolting, while control temperature did not. Of the 6656 proteins identified, 758 proteins significantly altered their expression level induced by high-temperature relative to the control, of which 409 were up-regulated and 349 down-regulated. Proteins with abundance level change were mainly involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, stress response, hormone synthesis, and signal transduction. These differential proteins were mainly enriched in pathways associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism involving in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Among the differentially expressed proteins associated with photosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism were up-regulated. Moreover, in gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis pathway, 10 of main enzymes of P450 were up-regulated. Proteins related to SAUR and GRP, implicated in IAA and GA signal transduction were up-regulated, and the phosphorylation and ubiquitination related proteins regulating IAA and GA signal transduction were also induced. These findings indicate that a high temperature enhances the function of photosynthesis, IAA and GA synthesis and signal transduction to promote the process of bolting, which is in line with the physiology and transcription levels of IAA and GA metabolism. Our data provide a first comprehensive dataset for gaining novel understanding of the molecular basis underlying lettuce bolting induced by high temperature. It is potentially important for further functional analysis and genetic manipulation for molecular breeding to breed new cultivar of lettuce to restrain early bolting, which is vital for improving vegetable quality.

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Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the promoting effects of IAA on biomass production and branching of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

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