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Drought response in Piriqueta caroliniana hybrid and parental morphotypes

ABSTRACT: Closely related lineages can possess phenotypic variation important for adaptation and the evolution of new species; a phenomenon that can be more clearly elucidated by studying hybrid generations. We compare variation in gene expression in response to drought for two taxa and advanced-generation hybrids of the Piriqueta cistoides ssp. caroliniana complex that differ in their levels of tolerance to water limitation. Drought treatments lasted 36 days, through four cycles of drought. Gene expression in drought and control treatments was assessed using heterologous hybridization to a Glycine max microarray. There was a predominance of down-regulated genes in response to sustained drought in all morphotypes. This pattern was more pronounced in the hybrids, which can exhibit greater drought tolerance under field and greenhouse conditions than the parental morphotypes. Expression response profiles were more similar between the hybrid and the drought-tolerant parental morphotype than they were between the hybrid and the parental morphotype that occurs in more mesic habitats. Predominant down-regulation of gene expression contrasts with studies of response to short-term drought and with studies of drought-response in annual and non-drought-tolerant model species, and supports the results of a growing number of studies with other drought-tolerant perennial plants under prolonged drought.

ORGANISM(S): Piriqueta cistoides subsp. caroliniana Glycine max

PROVIDER: GSE19410 | GEO | 2010/05/27

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA121783

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Since the roots of grapevine rootstocks have a direct contact with drying soil and has an important role in abiotic stimuli, any plasticity on the architecture of the rootstocks would enable grapevine varieties to a better respond to drought stress. However, genomics evidences behind the physiological responses of rootstocks under prolonged drought stress are poorly documented in the literature. In the current study, eight widely used hybrid grapevine rootstocks in viticulture were firstly grafted with sultana seedless and subjected to drought stress to test their physiological and biochemical responses. The results of experiment indicated that the roots of V.rupestris X V.berlandieri (110 R, 1103P, 140 Ru) rootstocks possessed much higher water content as well as non-structural carbohydrate and nitrogen concentrations compared to V.riparia X V.berlandieri (SO4, 5BB, 420A, 8B) and V.vinifera X V.berlandieri (41B) hybrids under drought. V.rupestris X V.berlandieri hybrids were also performed much higher root elongation performance under drought compared to other rootstock hybrids. Three rootstock varieties (110R, 5BB and 41B) having different pedigrees and root architectural responses to drought were also investigated at transcriptome level to find out gene regulation network behind differential physiological responses to drought. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2795, 1196 and 1612 differentially expressed transcripts for the roots of 110R, 5BB and 41B, respectively. The highest expression increases in 110R compared to other rootstocks were recorded for the transcripts functional in carbohydrate (SWEET14, CWINV) and nitrate/peptide (NRT1/ PTR FAMILY) transportation as well as osmoregulation (dehydrins, osmotins, LEAs and proline-glycine rich proteins) during drought. Higher induction of these genes in the roots of tolerant 110R genotype indicated importance of efficient uptake of carbohydrate and nitrogen source released from canopy under drought and preservation of water with osmotic regulation on the root elongation and drought tolerance of grapevines. Expression increases in several other pathogenesis related proteins, regulation of cell wall modification enzymes and activity of several secondary metabolites have been also associated to altered root architecture and drought tolerance in the grapevine rootstocks for the first time with the current study.

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Drought response in Piriqueta caroliniana hybrid and parental morphotypes

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