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CircRAB3IP modulates cell proliferation by reorganizing gene expression and mRNA processing in a paracrine manner [HEK293_KD]

ABSTRACT: Circular RNAs are endogenous long-lived and abundant non-coding species. Despite their prevalence, only few circRNAs have been dissected mechanistically as regards their function to date. Here, we catalogued nascent RNA-enriched circRNAs from primary human cells and focus on circRAB3IP to assign to it a role in sustaining cellular homeostasis. We combine “omics” and functional experiments to show how circRAB3IP depletion deregulates hundreds of genes, suppress cell cycle progression, and brings about senescence-like gene expression changes. Conversely, excess circRAB3IP delivered to endothelial cells via exosomes suffices for accelerating their cell division. We attribute these effects to widespread changes in isoform usage that stem from the interplay between circRAB3IP and the general splicing factor SF3B1. Together, our findings link the maintenance of cell homeostasis to the tightly regulated titers of a single circRNA.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE199550 | GEO | 2022/03/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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circRAB3IP modulates cell proliferation by reorganizing gene expression and mRNA processing in a paracrine manner [HUVEC_EVs_OE]

Project description:Circular RNAs are endogenous long-lived and abundant non-coding species. Despite their prevalence, only few circRNAs have been dissected mechanistically as regards their function to date. Here, we catalogued nascent RNA-enriched circRNAs from primary human cells and focus on circRAB3IP to assign to it a role in sustaining cellular homeostasis. We combine “omics” and functional experiments to show how circRAB3IP depletion deregulates hundreds of genes, suppress cell cycle progression, and brings about senescence-like gene expression changes. Conversely, excess circRAB3IP delivered to endothelial cells via exosomes suffices for accelerating their cell division. We attribute these effects to widespread changes in isoform usage that stem from the interplay between circRAB3IP and the general splicing factor SF3B1. Together, our findings link the maintenance of cell homeostasis to the tightly regulated titers of a single circRNA.

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circRAB3IP modulates cell proliferation by reorganizing gene expression and mRNA processing in a paracrine manner [HUVEC_KD]

2022-03-30 | GSE199551 | GEO

circRAB3IP modulates cell proliferation by reorganizing gene expression and mRNA processing in a paracrine manner.

Project description:Circular RNAs are an endogenous long-lived and abundant noncoding species. Despite their prevalence, only a few circRNAs have been dissected mechanistically to date. Here, we cataloged nascent RNA-enriched circRNAs from primary human cells and functionally assigned a role to circRAB3IP in sustaining cellular homeostasis. We combined "omics" and functional experiments to show how circRAB3IP depletion deregulates hundreds of genes, suppresses cell cycle progression, and induces senescence-associated gene expression changes. Conversely, excess circRAB3IP delivered to endothelial cells via extracellular vesicles suffices for accelerating their division. We attribute these effects to an interplay between circRAB3IP and the general splicing factor SF3B1, which can affect transcript variant expression levels of cell cycle-related genes. Together, our findings link the maintenance of cell homeostasis to the presence of a single circRNA.

| S-EPMC9745835 | biostudies-literature

circRAB3IP modulates cell proliferation by reorganizing gene expression and mRNA processing in a paracrine manner

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2022-03-30 | GSE199553 | GEO

Are Pericentric Inversions Reorganizing Wedge Shell Genomes?

Project description:Wedge shells belonging to the Donacidae family are the dominant bivalves in exposed beaches in almost all areas of the world. Typically, two or more sympatric species of wedge shells differentially occupy intertidal, sublittoral, and offshore coastal waters in any given locality. A molecular cytogenetic analysis of two sympatric and closely related wedge shell species, Donax trunculus and Donax vittatus, was performed. Results showed that the karyotypes of these two species were both strikingly different and closely alike; whilst metacentric and submetacentric chromosome pairs were the main components of the karyotype of D. trunculus, 10-11 of the 19 chromosome pairs were telocentric in D. vittatus, most likely as a result of different pericentric inversions. GC-rich heterochromatic bands were present in both species. Furthermore, they showed coincidental 45S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), 5S rRNA and H3 histone gene clusters at conserved chromosomal locations, although D. trunculus had an additional 45S rDNA cluster. Intraspecific pericentric inversions were also detected in both D. trunculus and D. vittatus. The close genetic similarity of these two species together with the high degree of conservation of the 45S rRNA, 5S rRNA and H3 histone gene clusters, and GC-rich heterochromatic bands indicate that pericentric inversions contribute to the karyotype divergence in wedge shells.

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Identification and characterization of circular RNAs as a new class of putative biomarkers in human blood

Project description:Covalently closed circular RNA molecules (circRNAs) have recently emerged as a class of RNA isoforms with widespread and tissue specific expression across animals, oftentimes independent of the corresponding linear mRNAs. circRNAs are remarkably stable and sometimes highly expressed molecules. Here, we sequenced RNA in human peripheral whole blood to determine the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers in an easily accessible body fluid. We report the reproducible detection of thousands of circRNAs. Importantly, we observed that hundreds of circRNAs are much higher expressed than corresponding linear mRNAs. Thus, circRNA expression in human blood reveals and quantifies the activity of hundreds of coding genes not accessible by classical mRNA specific assays. Our findings suggest that circRNAs could be used as biomarker molecules in standard clinical blood samples. Sequencing of blood RNA from five healthy individuals (biological replicates) plus technical replicate of one sample and detection of circRNAs.

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Identification of common endothelial intronic circular RNAs from different vascular beds

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2023-11-30 | E-MTAB-11171 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expanded identification and characterization of mammalian circular RNAs

Project description:The recent reports of two circular RNAs (circRNAs) with strong potential to act as microRNA (miRNA) sponges suggest that circRNAs might play important roles in regulating gene expression. However, the global properties of circRNAs are not well understood. We developed a computational pipeline to identify circRNAs and quantify their relative abundance from RNA-seq data. Applying this pipeline to a large set of non-poly(A)-selected RNA-seq data from the ENCODE project, we annotated 7,112 human circRNAs that were estimated to comprise at least 10% of the transcripts accumulating from their loci. Most circRNAs are expressed in only a few cell types and at low abundance, but they are no more cell-type–specific than are mRNAs with similar overall expression levels. Although most circRNAs overlap protein-coding sequences, ribosome profiling provides no evidence for their translation. We also annotated 635 mouse circRNAs, and although 20% of them are orthologous to human circRNAs, the sequence conservation of these circRNA orthologs is no higher than that of their flanking linear exons. The previously proposed miR-7 sponge, CDR1as, is one of only two circRNAs with more miRNA sites than expected by chance, with the next best miRNA-sponge candidate deriving from a primate-specific zinc-finger gene, ZNF91. These results provide a new framework for future investigation of this intriguing topological isoform while raising doubts regarding a biological function of most circRNAs. Examination of 9 samples in 1 cell type Note: The ENCODE data we used are under GEO SuperSeries GSE26284 (all samples labeled "_cell_total"). But they were not used in the processing of the U2OS data.

2014-07-08 | E-GEOD-51584 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cytoplasmic DIS3 degrades circular RNAs independently of the exosome

Project description:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are frequently generated during splicing. Their physiological roles, however, remain largely elusive. Some specific circRNAs function as microRNA (miRNA) or RNA binding protein (RBP) sponges or encode for proteins and are actively translated. Due to the lack of accessible ends, circRNAs are resistant to exonucleolytic cleavage and thus are more stable than linear RNAs. Nevertheless, circRNAs are most likely turned over by cellular degradation pathways. Here, we used a biochemical purification strategy to find nucleases that could degrade circRNAs. We identified the exosome-associated nuclease DIS3, which contains an endonucleolytic PIN domain and an exonuclease domain. We show that DIS3 can degrade circRNAs independently of the exosome in vitro. Although moderately, RNA-seq reveals that selected circRNAs are stabilized when DIS3 is reduced in vivo. Based on our data, we propose a model, in which cytoplasmic DIS3 contributes to the turnover of circRNAs in human cells.

2025-05-05 | PXD050442 | Pride

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