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A Yap-dependent transcriptional program directs cell migration for embryo axis assembly

ABSTRACT: The assembly of the embryo’s primary axis is a fundamental landmark to establish the vertebrate body plan. Although the morphogenetic movements directing cell convergence towards the midline have been described extensively, little is known on how gastrulating cells interpret mechanical cues. Yap proteins are well-known transcriptional mechanotransducers, yet their role in gastrulation remains elusive. Here we show that the double knockout of yap and its paralog yap1b in medaka results in an axis assembly failure, due to reduced displacement and migratory persistence in mutant cells. We identified genes involved in cytoskeletal organization and cell-ECM adhesion, rather than in germ layers specification, as direct Yap targets. Dynamic analysis of live sensors and downstream targets reveal that Yap is acting in migratory cells, in which promotes cortical actin and focal adhesions recruitment. Our results indicate that Yap coordinates a mechano-regulatory loop essential to maintain the directed cell migration sustaining embryo axis development.

ORGANISM(S): Oryzias latipes

PROVIDER: GSE201791 | GEO | 2022/05/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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YAP regulates cell mechanics by controlling focal adhesion assembly

Project description:Hippo effectors YAP/TAZ act as on-off mechanosensing switches by sensing modifications in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and mechanics. The regulation of their activity has been described so far through a hierarchical model in which elements of Hippo pathway are under the control of Focal Adhesions (FAs). Here we unveiled the molecular mechanism by which cell spreading and RhoA GTPase control FA formation through YAP to stabilize the anchorage of actin cytoskeleton to cell membrane. This mechanism required YAP co-transcriptional function and involved the activation of genes encoding for integrins and FA docking proteins. Tuning YAP transcriptional activity led to the modification of cell mechanics, force development, adhesion strength, determined cell shaping, migration and differentiation. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of YAP mechanosensing activity and qualify Hippo effector as the key determinant of cell mechanics in response to ECM cues.

2017-05-17 | E-MTAB-5217 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The ShcA adapter protein cooperates with LPP to mediate adhesion dynamics and invadopodia formation

Project description:ShcA and Lipoma Preferred Partner (LPP) are mediators of TGFβ-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Reduced expression of either protein results in diminished breast cancer lung metastasis. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy reveals that TGFβ enhances the assembly and disassembly rates of paxillincontaining adhesions in a ShcA-dependent manner through the phosphorylation of specific ShcA tyrosine residues (Y239/Y240/Y313). Using a BioID proximity labeling approach, we show that ShcA exists in a complex with a variety of actin cytoskeletal proteins, including paxillin and LPP. Consistent with a functional interaction between ShcA and LPP, TGFβ-induced LPP localization to adhesions depends on ShcA. Once localized to cellular adhesions, LPP is required to mediate TGFβ-induced cell migration and adhesion dynamics. Mutations that impair LPP localization to adhesions (mLIM1) or interaction with the actin cytoskeleton via α-actinin (ΔABD) abrogate migratory responses to TGFβ. Live-cell TIRF microscopy reveals that ShcA clustering at the cell membrane precedes LPP recruitment. We hypothesize that ShcA promotes the formation of small, dynamic adhesions in the presence of TGFβ by acting as a nucleator of focal complex formation. Finally, we define a previously unknown function for ShcA in the formation of invadopodia, a process that also requires LPP. Our data reveals that ShcA controls the formation and function of two key cellular structures required for breast cancer metastasis.

2020-04-27 | PXD018265 | Pride

Regan2020 - Adhesion_CIP_Migration_CellCycle_Apoptosis_v2

Project description:This 121-node Boolean regulatory network model that synthesizes mechanosensitive signaling that links anchorage and matrix stiffness to proliferation and migration, and cell density to contact inhibition. It can reproduce anchorage dependence and anoikis, detachment-induced cytokinesis errors, the effect of matrix stiffness on proliferation, and contact inhibition of proliferation and migration by two mechanisms that converge on the YAP transcription factor. In addition, this model offers testable predictions related to cell cycle-dependent sensitivity to anoikis, the molecular requirements for abolishing contact inhibition, substrate stiffness-dependent expression of the catalytic subunit of PI3K, heterogeneity of migratory and non-migratory phenotypes in sub-confluent monolayers, and linked inhibition but semi-independent induction of proliferation versus migration as a function of cell density and mitogenic stimulation. The model is an extended version of the growth signaling, cell cycle and apoptosis model published in Sizek et al, PLoS Comp. Biol. 15(3): e1006402, 2019.

2020-08-26 | MODEL2006170001 | BioModels

Regulation of Hippo/YAP axis by CXCR7 in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer

Project description:The Hippo pathway is crucial in organ size control and tumorigenesis. The dys-regulation of Hippo/YAP axis is vastly observed in gastric cancer, while the effective therapeutic targets for Hippo/YAP axis are still not clear. It is important and urgent to identify reliable drug targets and the underlying mechanisms, which could inhibit the activity of Hippo/YAP axis and gastric cancer progression. In our current study, we demonstrate the membrane receptor CXCR7 (C-X-C chemokine receptor 7) is an important modulator for Hippo/YAP axis. The activation of CXCR7 could stimulate gastric cancer cell progression through Hippo/YAP axis in vitro and in vivo, while pharmaceutical inhibition of CXCR7 via ACT-1004-1239 could block the tumorigenesis in gastric cancer. Molecular studies reveal that the activation of CXCR7 could dephosphorylate YAP, facilitate YAP nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activation in gastric cancer. CXCR7 functions via G-protein Gαq/11 and Rho GTPase to activate YAP activity. Interestingly, ChIP assay shows that YAP could bind to the promoter region of CXCR7 and facilitate its gene transcription, which indicates CXCR7 is both the upstream signaling and downstream target for Hippo/YAP axis in gastric cancer. In general, we identified a novel positive feedback loop between CXCR7 and Hippo/YAP axis, while blockade of CXCR7 could be a plausible strategy for gastric cancer.

2023-11-15 | GSE233094 | GEO

RNA-sequencing from miR-375 knockout and YAP overexpression lung carcinoid (H727) cells.

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2021-05-19 | GSE154872 | GEO

RBCK1 is an Endogenous Inhibitor for Triple Negative Breast Cancer via Hippo/YAP axis

Project description:Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most lethal breast cancer subtypes. Due to a lack of effective therapeutic targets, chemotherapy is still the main medical treatment for TNBC patients. Thus, it is important and necessary to identify novel therapeutic targets for TNBC. Recent genomic studies implicated the hyper-activation of Hippo/YAP signaling in TNBC, manifesting its critical roles in TNBC carcinogenesis and cancer progression. RBCK1 was firstly identified as an important component for linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) and facilitates NFKB signaling in immune response. Further studies showed RBCK1 also facilitated luminal type breast cancer growth and endocrine resistance via trans-activation estrogen receptor alpha. Interestingly, our data revealed an opposite function for RBCK1 in TNBC progression. RBCK1 over-expression inhibited TNBC cell progression in vitro and in vivo, while RBCK1depletion promoted TNBC cell invasion. The whole genomic expression profiling showed that RBCK1 depletion activated Hippo/YAP axis. RBCK1 depletion increased YAP protein level and Hippo target gene expression in TNBC. The molecular biology studies showed that RBCK1 could associate with YAP protein and enhance YAP protein stability via promoting YAP K48-linked poly-ubiquitination at several YAP lysine sites (K76, K204 and K321). Our study revealed the multi-faced RBCK1 function in different subtypes of breast cancer patients and a promising therapeutic target for TNBC treatment.

2022-02-05 | GSE195712 | GEO

Regulation of YAP Promotor Accessibility in Endothelial Mechanotransduction

Project description:Endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly exposed to mechanical forces in the form of fluid shear stress, extracellular stiffness, and cyclic strain. How mechanical forces are transduced to the nucleus to drive transcriptional reprogramming in ECs is poorly understood. The mechanoresponsive activity of Yes associated protein (YAP) and its role in vascular development are well described, however, whether changes to transcription or epigenetic regulation of YAP are involved in these processes remains unanswered. Our results reveal that mechanical forces sensed at cell-cell junctions by the YAP target gene, Angiomotin-like 2 (AmotL2), are directly intervened into changes in global chromatin accessibility and EZH2 activity leading to modulation of YAP-promotor activity. Functionally, shear stress induced proliferation of ECs in vivo were reliant on AmotL2 and YAP/TAZ endothelial expression. Mechanistically, uncoupling of the nuclear-cytoskeletal connection from junctions and focal adhesions led to altered nuclear morphology, chromatin accessibility and suppression of YAP-promotor activity. Our findings reveal a role for AmotL2 and nuclear-cytoskeletal force transmission in modulating the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of YAP to maintain a mechanoenforced positive-feedback loop of vascular homeostasis.

2024-01-23 | GSE253761 | GEO

Expression profile of osteosarcoma cells in which Sox2 maintains cancer stem cells

Project description:Sox2 is required to maintain osteosarcoma cell tumor initiation.Knockdown of Sox2 leads tpo loss of tumorigenic properties. To examine gene expression changes upon Sox2 knockdown, we performed microarray analysis on mouse osteosarcoma cells expressing scrambled or Sox2shRNA. We found that genes upregulated upon Sox2 knockdown included osteoblast diffrentiation genes and genes down regulated included cell cycle and RNA processing genes as well as YAP-TEAD target genes. The Hippo pathway has a profound tumor suppressive role in cancer by restraining the strong growth-promoting function of YAP. We have previously shown that the stem cell transcription factor Sox2 maintains the tumorigenicity of osteosarcoma cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this report, we describe that Sox2 maintains stemness by antagonizing the Hippo pathway via direct repression of Hippo activators, Nf2 (Merlin) and WWC1 (Kibra), thereby leading to exaggerated YAP function. YAP is potently oncogenic in osteosarcoma and its depletion sharply reduces the tumorigenic CSC fraction. Low Nf2, low WWC1, and high YAP expression mark the CSC fraction of the tumor population, while the more differentiated fraction has high Nf2, high WWC1 and reduced YAP expression. This Sox2-Hippo axis is conserved and also operates in other Sox2-dependent cancers such as glioblastomas. We propose that disruption of YAP transcriptional activity reduces CSCs and could be a therapeutic strategy for Sox2- dependent tumors. Gene expression of 482 mouse lines mOS482 were analyzed by microarray. 3 replicates each of scrambled and Sox2shRNA were processed and hybridized

2015-02-15 | E-GEOD-64965 | biostudies-arrayexpress

CCM3 is a gatekeeper in focal adhesions regulating mechanotransduction and YAP/TAZ signalling

Project description:CCM3 is a gatekeeper in focal adhesions regulating mechanotransduction and YAP/TAZ signalling

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p120-catenin differentially regulates cell migration by Rho-dependent intracellular and secreted signals

Project description:The Adherens Junction protein p120-catenin is implicated in the regulation of cadherin stability, cell migration and inflammatory responses in mammalian epithelial tissues. How these events are coordinated to promote wound repair is not understood. We show that p120-catenin regulates the intrinsic migratory properties or primary mouse keratinocytes, but also influences the migratory behavior of neighboring cells by secreted signals. These events are rooted in the ability of p120-catenin to regulate RhoA-GTPase activity, which leads to a two-tiered control of cell migration. One restrains cell motility via increase of actin stress fibers, reduction in integrin turnover, and an increase in focal adhesions robustness. The other is coupled to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines including Interleukin-24, which causally enhances randomized cell movements. Taken together, our results indicate that p120-RhoA-GTPase-mediated signaling can differentially regulate the migratory behavior of epidermal cells, which has potential implications for chronic wound responses and cancer.

2016-12-31 | GSE55019 | GEO

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