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Response of Candida albicans towards a novel antifungal benzimidazole derivative

ABSTRACT: Fungal infections are a serious health problem in the clinic especially in the immunocompromised patient. Disease ranges from widespread superficial vulvovaginal infections to life-threatening systemic candidiasis. Especially for systemic mycoses only a limited arsenal of antimycotica are available, including azoles, polyenes, echinocandines and amphothericin B. Due to emerging resistance to standard therapy and significant side effects for some antimycotica there is a medical need for new antifungals in the clinic and general practice. In order to expand the arsenal of compounds with antifungal activities we screened compound libraries, including combinatorial libraries as well as more than 30 000 pure compounds derived from organic synthesis for antimycotic activity. In total more than 100 000 compounds were screened using an innovative AS (activity-selectivity) assay analyzing both the antifungal activity and the compatability with human cells at the same time. One promising hit, a Benzimidazol-2-yl-alkylamine derivative, was developed in a series of lead compounds showing potent antifungal activity. ((1S)-1-[1-(3-chlorobenzyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]-2-methylpropyl-amine) (EMC120B12) showed the highest antifungal activity and best compatability with human cells in several cell culture models and against a number of different yeasts and clinical isolates. Transcriptional profiling indicates that the newly discovered compound is a potential inhibitor of the ergosterol-pathway.

ORGANISM(S): Candida albicans SC5314 Candida albicans

PROVIDER: GSE21622 | GEO | 2011/07/15

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA127111

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Fungal infections are a serious health problem in clinics especially in the immune-compromised patient. Disease ranges from widespread superficial infections like vulvovaginal infections to life-threatening systemic candidiasis. Especially for systemic mycoses only a limited arsenal of antifungals is available. The most commonly used classes of antifungal compounds used include azoles, polyenes and echinocandines. Due to emerging resistance to standard therapy and significant side effects and high costs for several antifungals.,there is a medical need for new antifungals in the clinic and general practice. In order to expand the arsenal of compounds with antifungal activities we previously screened a compound library, using a new type of activity-selectivity (AS) assay analysing both the antifungal activity and the compatibility with human cells at the same time. One compound, ((S)-2-(1-aminoisobutyl)-1-(3-chlorobenzyl) benzimidazole (EMC120B12)), showed high antifungal activity against several species of pathogenic yeasts including C. glabrata and C. krusei, species which are highly refractory to antifungals, especially to the commonly used azoles. Here we could show by transcriptional profiling and sterol analysis that the target of this new antifungal compound is the ergosterol pathway. The effects of EMC120B12 on sterol biosynthesis mimic those of fluconazole, strongly indicating that EMC120B12 also targets ERG11 like the azols. But not only the marker sterol 14 methylergosta 8,24(28) dien 3β,6α diol accumulated in C. krusei under EMC120B12 treatment, but also hitherto unknown related sterols. The novel sterols have a 3β,6α diol structure. Furthermore, this is the first time that a benzimidazole structure has been shown to result in a block of the sterol pathway by accumulating marker sterols connected to ERG11 inactivation. In total, three biological replicates were performed. All experiments were performed as dye swaps. Thus, in total 18 arrays have been hybridzed. Hybridization experiments included an untreated reference sample and a sample of cells treated with either ((1S)-1-[1-(3-chlorobenzyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]-2-methylpropyl-amine) (EMC120B12), Fluconazole or Nocodazole. The array included one technical replicate of each probe.

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Response of Candida albicans towards a novel antifungal benzimidazole derivative

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