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Transcriptomic profiling of an in vivo mouse model of immune checkpoint induced colitis

ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. CPI-induced colitis is a common and serious complication. To probe the impact of immune checkpoints on intestinal homeostasis, mice were challenged with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and manipulation of the intestinal microbiota. Colonic immune responses were profiled using bulk RNA-sequencing.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE222843 | GEO | 2023/09/08

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Single cell transcriptomics reveals colonic lymphocyte remodelling and emergence of polyfunctional, cytolytic lymphocyte responses in CPI-induced colitis

Project description:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. To probe the impact of immune checkpoints on intestinal homeostasis, mice were challenged with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and manipulation of the intestinal microbiota. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed remodelling of mucosal lymphocytes with induction of polyfunctional lymphocyte responses characterized by increased expression of Ifng, other pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (Il22, Il17a Ccl3, Ccl4 and Ccl9), cytotoxicity molecules (Gzmb, Gzma, Prf1, Nkg7) and the chemokine receptor Cxcr6. In comparison with mucosal lymphocytes in the steady state, polyfunctional lymphocytes from both CD4+ and CD8+ lineages upregulated costimulatory molecules and checkpoint molecules in CPI-colitis, indicating that these cells are tightly regulated.

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Transcriptomic profile comparison of an in vivo model of dual combination immune checkpoint colitis or monotherapy immune checkpoint colitis

Project description:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. CPI-induced colitis is a common and serious complication. A higher proportion of patients undergoing monotherapy anti-CTLA-4 treatment tend to develop colitis compared to monotherapy treated anti-PD-1 treated patients. This effect is enhanced when patients are treated with both drugs. To probe the impact of either anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD1 on intestinal homeostasis, mice were challenged with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in either monotherapy or together in combination. Manipulation of the intestinal microbiota has also been shown to be important in both this model, from previous data, and in patients. Colonic immune responses were then profiled using bulk RNA-sequencing.

2023-09-08 | GSE241664 | GEO

Immune cells and their inflammatory mediators modify beta cells and cause checkpoint inhibitor-induced diabetes

Project description:Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have revolutionized cancer treatment but can trigger autoimmune complications including CPI-induced diabetes (CPI-DM), which occurs preferentially with PD-1 blockade. We found evidence of pancreatic inflammation in patients with CPI-DM with shrinkage of pancreases, increased pancreatic enzymes, and in a case from a patient who died with CPI-DM, peri-islet lymphocytic infiltration. In the NOD mouse model, anti-PD-L1 but not anti-CTLA-4 induces DM rapidly. RNA sequencing revealed that cytolytic IFNγ+ CD8+ T cells infiltrated islets with anti-PD-L1. Changes in β cells were predominantly driven by IFNγ and TNFα and included induction of a novel β cell population with transcriptional changes suggesting dedifferentiation. IFNγ increased checkpoint ligand expression and activated apoptosis pathways in human β cells in vitro. Treatment with anti-IFNγ and anti-TNFα prevented CPI-DM in anti-PD-L1 treated NOD mice. CPIs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway result in transcriptional changes in β cells and immune infiltrates that may lead to the development of diabetes. Inhibition of inflammatory cytokines can prevent CPI-DM, suggesting a strategy for clinical application to prevent this complication.

2022-10-27 | GSE209587 | GEO

Immune cells and their inflammatory mediators modify beta cells and cause checkpoint inhibitor-induced diabetes

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Gene Expression Profiling of human monocytes: Combination Therapy with AntiâCTLA-4 and AntiâPD-1 Leads to Distinct Immunologic Changes In Vivo

Project description:Transcriptome analysis of human peripheral blood monocytes Combination therapy concurrently targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints leads to remarkable antitumor effects. Although both PD-1 and CTLA-4 dampen the T cell activation, the in vivo effects of these drugs in humans remain to be clearly defined. To better understand biologic effects of therapy, we analyzed blood/tumor tissue from patients undergoing single or combination immune checkpoint blockade. We show that blockade of CTLA-4, PD-1, or combination of the two leads to distinct genomic (changes in gene-expression profile) and functional signatures in vivo in purified human T cells and monocytes. RNA extracted from freshly isolated monocytes from peripheral blood of patients treated with either antiâPD-1 (n = 6), antiâCTLA-4 (n = 5), Combo therapy with antiâPD-1 and antiâCTLA-4 concurrently (Combo, n = 6), and Seq antiâPD-1 in patients with prior antiâCTLA-4 (Seq, n = 3) was analyzed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Transcriptome 2.0 exon array. No techinical replicates were performed.

2016-02-16 | E-GEOD-77924 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene Expression Profiling of human T cells: Combination Therapy with Antiâ??CTLA-4 and Antiâ??PD-1 Leads to Distinct Immunologic Changes In Vivo

Project description:Transcriptome analysis of human peripheral blood T cells Combination therapy concurrently targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints leads to remarkable antitumor effects. Although both PD-1 and CTLA-4 dampen the T cell activation, the in vivo effects of these drugs in humans remain to be clearly defined. To better understand biologic effects of therapy, we analyzed blood/tumor tissue from patients undergoing single or combination immune checkpoint blockade. We show that blockade of CTLA-4, PD-1, or combination of the two leads to distinct genomic (changes in gene-expression profile) andfunctional signatures in vivo in purified human T cells. RNA extracted from freshly isolated T cells from peripheral blood of patients treated with either antiâ??PD-1 (n = 6), antiâ??CTLA-4 (n = 5), Combo therapy with antiâ??PD-1 and antiâ??CTLA-4 concurrently (Combo, n = 6), and Seq antiâ??PD-1 in patients with prior antiâ??CTLA-4 (Seq, n = 3) was analyzed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Transcriptome 2.0 exon array. No techinical replicates were performed.

2016-02-10 | E-GEOD-77714 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptomic profiling of the role of Ctla4 in the innate immune system

Project description:The maintenance of intestinal homeostasis is a fundamental process critical for organismal integrity. Sitting at the interface of the gut microbiome and mucosal immunity, adaptive and innate lymphoid populations regulate the balance between commensal micro-organisms and pathogens. Checkpoint inhibitors (CPI), particularly those targeting the CTLA-4 pathway, disrupt this fine balance and can lead to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and immune checkpoint colitis (CPI-C). Here, we show that CTLA-4 is expressed by innate lymphoid cells (ILC) and that its expression is regulated by ILC subset-specific cytokine cues in a microbiota-dependent manner. Genetic deletion or antibody blockade of CTLA-4 demonstrates that this pathway plays a key role in intestinal homeostasis and is conserved in human IBD and CPI-induced colitis (CPI-C). We propose that this population of CTLA-4-positive ILC may serve as an important target for the treatment of idiopathic and iatrogenic intestinal inflammation.

2024-04-05 | GSE254247 | GEO

CTLA-4 pathway is instrumental in Giant Cell Arteritis

Project description:BACKGROUND: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) causes severe inflammation of the aorta and its branches and is characterized by intense effector T cells infiltration. The roles that immune checkpoints play in pathogenesis of GCA are still unclear.Our aim was to study the immune checkpoints interplay in GCA. METHODS: First, we used VigiBase, the WHO international pharmacovigilance database, to evaluate the relationship between GCA occurrence and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) treatments. We then further dissected the role of ICI in the pathogenesis of GCA, using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, transcriptomics and flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and aortic tissues of GCA patients and appropriated controls. RESULTS: Using VigiBase, we identified GCA as a significant immune related adverse event associated with anti-CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated-protein-4) but not anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. We further dissected a critical role for CTLA-4 pathway in GCA by identification of the dysregulation of CTLA-4-derived gene pathways and proteins in CD4+ T cells (and specifically Tregs) present in blood and aorta of GCA patients versus controls. While Tregs were less abundant and activated/suppressive in blood and aorta of GCA versus controls, they still specifically upregulated CTLA-4. Activated and proliferating CTLA-4+ Ki-67+ Tregs from GCA were more sensitive to anti-CTLA-4 (Ipilimumab)-mediated in vitro depletion versus controls. CONCLUSIONS: We highlighted the instrumental role of CTLA-4 immune checkpoint in GCA which provides a strong rationale for targeting this pathway.

2023-07-03 | GSE236367 | GEO

Yu2019 - A mathematical model of tumor-immune interactions with an immune checkpoint inhibitor

Project description:This is a mathematical model investigating interactions among malignant tumor cells, CD4+ T cells, anti-tumor cytokines (specifically IFN-gamma), and the immune checkpoint inhibitor CTLA-4 to assess the importance of immune checkpoints in mediating tumor regression.

2019-11-27 | MODEL1911270002 | BioModels

Gene Expression Profiling of human T cells: Combination Therapy with Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Leads to Distinct Immunologic Changes In Vivo

2016-02-10 | GSE77714 | GEO

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