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Mapping H3K4me3 in in vitro differentiated resident memory CD8+ T cells

ABSTRACT: The networks of transcription factors (TFs) that control multipotency versus effector programs in intestinal resident memory T (TRM) cells are poorly understood. Mice with post-activation, conditional deletion of the TF Bcl11b in CD8+ T cells, infected with a food-born pathogen, had increased numbers of intestinal TRM cells, and their precursors and decreased splenic effector cells and circulating memory cells and precursors. Loss of circulating memory cells was in part due to increased intestinal homing of Bcl11b-/- circulating precursors with no major alterations in their programs. Bcl11b-/- memory CD8+ T cells had an impaired recall response despite their accumulation in the gut. Intestinal Bcl11b-/- TRM cells and their precursors manifested major alterations in the residency program, with diminished expression of multipotency program genes and upregulation of the effector program genes. Integration of transcriptomics with chromatin accessibility, activating histone marks and Bcl11b genome binding showed a link between the reduction in the multipotent program genes with regions of decreased chromatin accessibility and activating histone marks in Bcl11b-/- cells. In contrast, the effector program genes displayed increased activating epigenetic status. We propose that Bcl11b regulates tissue resident TRM program genes and is positioned upstream of Tcf1 and Blimp1 in regulation of multipotency versus effector TRM program, respectively. Rescuing experiments normalized the increased numbers of intestinal Bcl11b-/- TRM cells. Thus, Bcl11b is a frontrunner in the memory tissue residency program and acts early in lineage decision, promoting TRM cell multipotency and restricting effector function.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE222913 | GEO | 2023/06/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Mapping Tcf1 in in vitro differentiated resident memory CD8+ T cells

Project description:The networks of transcription factors (TFs) that control multipotency versus effector programs in intestinal resident memory T (TRM) cells are poorly understood. Mice with post-activation, conditional deletion of the TF Bcl11b in CD8+ T cells, infected with a food-born pathogen, had increased numbers of intestinal TRM cells, and their precursors and decreased splenic effector cells and circulating memory cells and precursors. Loss of circulating memory cells was in part due to increased intestinal homing of Bcl11b-/- circulating precursors with no major alterations in their programs. Bcl11b-/- memory CD8+ T cells had an impaired recall response despite their accumulation in the gut. Intestinal Bcl11b-/- TRM cells and their precursors manifested major alterations in the residency program, with diminished expression of multipotency program genes and upregulation of the effector program genes. Integration of transcriptomics with chromatin accessibility, activating histone marks and Bcl11b genome binding showed a link between the reduction in the multipotent program genes with regions of decreased chromatin accessibility and activating histone marks in Bcl11b-/- cells. In contrast, the effector program genes displayed increased activating epigenetic status. We propose that Bcl11b regulates tissue resident TRM program genes and is positioned upstream of Tcf1 and Blimp1 in regulation of multipotency versus effector TRM program, respectively. Rescuing experiments normalized the increased numbers of intestinal Bcl11b-/- TRM cells. Thus, Bcl11b is a frontrunner in the memory tissue residency program and acts early in lineage decision, promoting TRM cell multipotency and restricting effector function.

2023-06-09 | GSE222914 | GEO

Mapping H3K27ac in in vitro differentiated resident memory CD8+ T cells

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Impact of Bcl11b on the transcriptome of CD8+ T cell subsets[RNA-seq]

Project description:The transcription factor (TF) networks that regulate the differentiation of resident versus circulating memory CD8+ T cells are incompletely understood. Here we show that the TF Bcl11b restricts gut resident memory (Trm) cell differentiation, while promoting splenic T central memory (Tcm) and effector memory (Tem) cell differentiation. The reduction of Bcl11b-deficient splenic Tcm and Tem cells was not due to major alterations in their programs, but rather due to the increased homing of their precursors to the small intestine. However, Bcl11b-deficient resident memory precursor cells upregulated residency program, including the TFs Ahr and Prdm1 (encoding Blimp1), and downregulated Tcf7, which restricts the residency program and promotes tissue egress. Bcl11b directly bound at Ahr and Prdm1, as well as at Tcf7 genes. Abrogating Ahr and Prdm1, or restoration of Tcf7 expression in Bcl11b-deficient cells led to partial correction of the excessive resident memory cell differentiation. Functionally, Bcl11b-deficient memory CD8+ T cells had an impaired recall response, but anti-tumor immunity was increased in adoptive cell therapy. Bcl11b also repressed the residency program in human CD8+ T cells and human Bcl11b low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes showed increased residency gene expression. Thus, Bcl11b plays a critical role in balancing the circulating and tissue residency programs and reveals a potential novel target for cancer immunotherapies.

2023-06-08 | GSE186283 | GEO

Mapping Bcl11b binding in in vitro differentiated resident memory T cells [ChIP-seq]

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Genome wide mapping of chromatin accessibility in resident memory precursor cells [ATAC-seq]

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A unique epigenomic landscape defines CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells

Project description:Memory T cells provide rapid and long-term protection against infection and tumors. The memory CD8+ T cell repertoire contains phenotypically and transcriptionally heterogeneous subsets with specialized functions and recirculation patterns. While these T cell populations have been well characterized in terms of differentiation potential and function, the epigenetic changes underlying memory T cell fate determination and tissue-residency remain largely unexplored. Here, we examined the single-cell chromatin landscape of CD8+ T cells over the course of acute viral infection. We reveal an early bifurcation of memory precursors displaying distinct chromatin accessibility and define epigenetic trajectories that lead to a circulating (TCIRC) or tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cell fate. While TRM cells displayed a conserved epigenetic signature across organs, we demonstrate that these cells exhibit tissue-specific signatures and identify transcription factors that regulate TRM cell populations in a site-specific manner. Moreover, we demonstrate that TRM cells and exhausted T (TEX) cells are distinct epigenetic lineages that are distinguishable early in their differentiation. Together, these findings show that TRM cell development is accompanied by dynamic alterations in chromatin accessibility that direct a unique transcriptional program resulting in a tissue-adapted and functionally distinct T cell state.

2022-04-02 | GSE199799 | GEO

Human intestinal tissue-resident memory T cells comprise transcriptionally and functionally distinct subsets I

Project description:Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells provide key adaptive immune responses in infection, cancer, and autoimmunity. However transcriptional heterogeneity of human intestinal TRM cells remains undefined. Here, we investigated transcriptional and functional heterogeneity of human TRM cells through study of donor-derived intestinal TRM cells from intestinal transplant recipients. Single-cell transcriptional profiling identified two distinct transcriptional states of CD8+ TRM cells, delineated by ITGAE and ITGB2 expression. We defined a transcriptional signature discriminating these two CD8+ populations, including differential expression of cytotoxicity- and residency-associated genes. Flow cytometry of recipient-derived cells infiltrating the graft and lymphocytes from healthy gut confirmed the two CD8+ TRM phenotypes. CD103+ CD8+ TRM cells produced IL-2, and demonstrated greater polyfunctional cytokine production, while β2-integrin+ CD69+ CD103- TRM cells had higher granzyme expression. Phenotypic and functional analysis of intestinal CD4+ T cells identified many parallels, including a distinct β2-integrin+ population. Together, these results describe the transcriptional, phenotypic, and functional heterogeneity of human intestinal CD4+ and CD8+ TRM cells.

2020-12-05 | GSE162685 | GEO

Human intestinal tissue-resident memory T cells comprise transcriptionally and functionally distinct subsets II

2020-12-05 | GSE162686 | GEO

Runx3 drives a tissue residency program that is absent in CD4+ T cells [ATAC-seq]

Project description:Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells provide rapid and superior control of localized infections. The transcription factor Runx3 was recently identified as a master regulator of CD8+ T cell tissue residency. However, Runx3 also drives CD8+ T cell lineage commitment and is repressed in CD4+ T cells, raising the possibility that this transcription factor defines a form of tissue residency unique to the CD8+ T cell subset. Here, we show that as a direct consequence of Runx3-deficiency, CD4+ TRM cells in epithelia lack the TGFb-responsive transcriptional network that underpins CD8+ TRM cell residency. Ectopic Runx3 expression in CD4+ T cells rescued this transcriptional program to promote prolonged survival, decreased tissue egress and a microanatomical redistribution towards epithelial layers that combined, resulted in superior local immune protection. Our results thus reveal a mechanistic discordance between CD4+ and CD8+ TRM cell formation in barrier tissues that is controlled by Runx3. Consequently, CD4+ TRM cells are unable to adopt a type of tissue residency that is intrinsically accessible to the CD8+ TRM cell subset.

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