Resident Kupffer cell maladaptation in Liver Fibrosis is Rescued by Monocyte-Derived Syncytia of Macrophages
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE226946 | GEO | 2024/03/08
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Molecular profiling of infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages versus resident kupffer cells following acute liver injury The liver has a remarkable capacity to regenerate after injury; yet, the role of macrophages (MF) in this process remains controversial mainly due to difficulties in distinguishing between different MF-subsets. Here, we utilized a murine model of acute liver injury caused by overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) and defined three distinct MF subsets that populate the liver following injury. Accordingly, resident Kupffer cells (KC) were significantly reduced upon APAP-challenge and started recovering by self-renewal at resolution phase without contribution of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes. The latter were recruited in a CCR2 and M-CSF mediated pathway at the necro-inflammatory phase and differentiated into ephemeral Ly6Clo MF subset at resolution phase. Moreover, their inducible ablation resulted in impaired recovery. Microarray based molecular profiling uncovered high similarity between steady state KC and those recovered at the resolution phase. In contrast, KC and monocyte-derived MF displayed distinct pro-restorative genetic signature at the resolution phase. Finally, we show that infiltrating monocytes acquire a pro-restorative polarization manifested by unique expression of pro-angiogenesis mediators and genes involved with inhibition of neutrophil activity and recruitment and promotion of their clearance. Collectively, our results present a novel phenotypic, ontogenic and molecular definition of liver-MF compartment following acute injury. 11 Samples (arrays) were performed. We generated pairwise comparison between all the different macrophages stages, using Partek Genomics Suite. Genes with p?5%[FDR] and a fold-change difference of ?2 or <-2 were selected.
2014-08-01 | E-GEOD-55606 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Kupffer cells are the first line of defense in the liver against pathogens, yet several microbes successfully target the liver, bypass immune surveillance, and effectively develop in this tissue. Our current, albeit poor, understanding of Kupffer cell-pathogen interactions has been largely achieved through the study of primary cells, requiring isolation from a large numbers of animals. To facilitate the study of Kupffer cell biology, an immortalized rat Kupffer cell line, RKC1, was developed. We performed a comparative global proteomic analysis of RKC1 and primary rat Kupffer cells (PRKC) to characterize their respective responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated immune stimulation. We identified patent differences in the proteomic response profile of RKC1 and PRKC to LPS. We observed that PRKC upregulated more immune function pathways and exhibited marked changes in cellular morphology following stimulation. We consequently analyzed the cytoskeletal signaling pathways of these cells in light of the fact that macrophages are known to induce cytoskeletal changes in response to pathogens. Our findings suggest that Kupffer cells respond differently to inflammatory stimulus than do monocyte-derived macrophages, and such data may provide insight into how pathogens, such as the malaria parasite, may have evolved mechanisms of liver entry through Kupffer cells without detection.
2015-07-03 | PXD001247 | Pride
Project description:Molecular profiling of infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages versus resident kupffer cells following acute liver injury The liver has a remarkable capacity to regenerate after injury; yet, the role of macrophages (MF) in this process remains controversial mainly due to difficulties in distinguishing between different MF-subsets. Here, we utilized a murine model of acute liver injury caused by overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) and defined three distinct MF subsets that populate the liver following injury. Accordingly, resident Kupffer cells (KC) were significantly reduced upon APAP-challenge and started recovering by self-renewal at resolution phase without contribution of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes. The latter were recruited in a CCR2 and M-CSF mediated pathway at the necro-inflammatory phase and differentiated into ephemeral Ly6Clo MF subset at resolution phase. Moreover, their inducible ablation resulted in impaired recovery. Microarray based molecular profiling uncovered high similarity between steady state KC and those recovered at the resolution phase. In contrast, KC and monocyte-derived MF displayed distinct pro-restorative genetic signature at the resolution phase. Finally, we show that infiltrating monocytes acquire a pro-restorative polarization manifested by unique expression of pro-angiogenesis mediators and genes involved with inhibition of neutrophil activity and recruitment and promotion of their clearance. Collectively, our results present a novel phenotypic, ontogenic and molecular definition of liver-MF compartment following acute injury.
2014-08-01 | GSE55606 | GEO
Project description:Kupffer cells are the first line of defense in the liver against pathogens, yet several microbes successfully target the liver, bypass immune surveillance, and effectively develop in this tissue. Our current, albeit poor, understanding of Kupffer cell-pathogen interactions has been largely achieved through the study of primary cells, requiring isolation from a large numbers of animals. To facilitate the study of Kupffer cell biology, an immortalized rat Kupffer cell line, RKC1, was developed. We performed a comparative global proteomic analysis of RKC1 and primary rat Kupffer cells (PRKC) to characterize their respective responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated immune stimulation. We identified patent differences in the proteomic response profile of RKC1 and PRKC to LPS. We observed that PRKC upregulated more immune function pathways and exhibited marked changes in cellular morphology following stimulation. We consequently analyzed the cytoskeletal signaling pathways of these cells in light of the fact that macrophages are known to induce cytoskeletal changes in response to pathogens. Our findings suggest that Kupffer cells respond differently to inflammatory stimulus than do monocyte-derived macrophages, and such data may provide insight into how pathogens, such as the malaria parasite, may have evolved mechanisms of liver entry through Kupffer cells without detection.
2016-07-22 | MSV000079995 | MassIVE
Project description:Kupffer cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. However, their involvement in metabolic disorders of the liver, including fatty liver disease, remains unclear. The present study sought to determine the impact of Kupffer cells on hepatic triglyceride storage and to explore the possible mechanisms involved. To that end, C57Bl/6 mice rendered obese and steatotic by chronic high-fat feeding were treated for 1 week with clodronate liposomes, which cause depletion of Kupffer cells. Loss of expression of marker genes Cd68, F4/80, and Clec4f, and loss of Cd68 immunostaining verified almost complete removal of Kupffer cells from the liver. Also, expression of complement components C1, the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 6 (Ccl6), and cytokines interleukin-15 (IL-15) and IL-1beta were markedly reduced. Importantly, Kupffer cell depletion significantly decreased liver triglyceride and glucosylceramide levels concurrent with increased expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (Cpt1alpha), and fatty acid transport protein 2 (Fatp2). Treatment of mice with IL-1beta decreased expression of PPARalpha and its target genes, which was confirmed in primary hepatocytes. Consistent with these data, IL-1beta suppressed human and mouse PPARalpha promoter activity. Suppression of PPARalpha promoter activity was recapitulated by overexpression of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) subunit p50 and p65, and was abolished upon deletion of putative NF-kappaB binding sites. Finally, IL-1beta and NF-kappaB interfered with the ability of PPARalpha to activate gene transcription. CONCLUSION: Our data point toward important cross-talk between Kupffer cells and hepatocytes in the regulation of hepatic triglyceride storage. The effect of Kupffer cells on liver triglycerides are at least partially mediated by IL-1beta, which suppresses PPARalpha expression and activity. Expression profiling of livers from mice fed control, low-fat diet diet or high-fat diet for 20weeks with or without knockdown of Kupffer cells.
2011-10-17 | E-GEOD-33044 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To reveal the transcriptomes associated with M1 or M2-polarized Kupffer cells, the primary Kupffer cells isolated from mouse liver were treated with lipopolysaccharides or IL-4 and the gene expression patterns were analyzed by microarray. To study the role of RORα in Kupffer cell polarization, Kupffer cells were treated with RORα ligands and transcriptions were compared with those of the M1/M2 polarized Kupffer cells.
2016-09-03 | GSE86397 | GEO
Project description:To reveal the transcriptomes associated with Maresin 1-treated Kupffer cells, the primary Kupffer cells isolated from mouse liver were treated with maresin 1 and the gene expression patterns were analyzed by microarray.
2019-04-03 | GSE122430 | GEO
Project description:Apolipoprotein-B (APOB)-containing lipoproteins cause atherosclerosis. Whether the vasculature is initially responding site, or if atherogenic-dyslipidemia affects other organs simultaneously, is unknown. Here we show that the liver responds to a dyslipidemic insult based on inducible models of familial hypercholesterolemia and APOB tracing. An acute transition to atherogenic APOB-lipoprotein levels resulted in uptake by Kupffer cells and rapid accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol in the liver. Bulk and single-cell RNA-seq revealed an Kupffer cell-specific transcriptional program that was not activated by a high-fat diet alone, or detected in standard liver function or pathological assays, even in the presence of fulminant atherosclerosis. Depletion of Kupffer cells altered the dynamic of plasma and liver lipid concentrations, indicating that these liver macrophages help restrain and buffer atherogenic lipoproteins, whilst simultaneously secreting atherosclerosis-modulating factors into plasma. Our results place Kupffer cells as key sentinels in organizing systemic responses to lipoproteins at the initiation of atherosclerosis.
2024-02-05 | GSE254879 | GEO
Project description:Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment, but is often restricted by toxicities. What distinguishes adverse events from concomitant antitumor reactions remains poorly understood. Here, using anti-CD40-treatment in mice as a model of Th1-promoting immunotherapy, we show liver macrophages’ vulnerability to promote local adverse events. Mechanistically, tissue-resident Kupffer cells mediate liver toxicity by sensing lymphocyte-derived IFN-g and producing IL-12. Conversely, dendritic cells are dispensable for toxicity but drive tumor control. Though macrophages, IL-12, and IFN-g are not necessarily toxic themselves, we find that they prompt a neutrophil response that determines the severity of tissue damage. We further show that similar inflammatory pathways characterize adverse events across tissues, following anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 immunotherapies, and in humans. These findings implicate macrophages and neutrophils as mediators and effectors of aberrant inflammation in Th1-promoting immunotherapy, and suggest distinct mechanisms of toxicity and antitumor immunity.
2021-06-04 | GSE176109 | GEO
Project description:Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment but can trigger toxicities that remain poorly understood. Here, by comprehensively analyzing mouse models following anti-CD40 therapy, we found an interdependent induction of the cytokines IFN-g and IL-12, which caused inflammatory pathology in various tumor-free tissues. In the liver, Kupffer cells mediated toxicity by sensing lymphocyte-derived IFN-g and producing IL-12, highlighting the vulnerability of tissue-resident macrophages to promote toxicity when reacting to proinflammatory cues. Conversely, dendritic cells drove tumor control but were dispensable for toxicity. We further show that liver macrophages, IL-12, and IFN-g were not toxic themselves, but prompted a neutrophil response that determined the severity of tissue damage. Similar inflammatory pathways characterized immunotherapy-related adverse events in cancer patients. These findings implicate resident macrophages and neutrophils as mediators and effectors of aberrant inflammation, and suggest distinct cellular mechanisms of toxicity and antitumor immunity.
2021-06-03 | GSE175737 | GEO