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HILPS, a novel long non-coding RNA essential for global oxygen sensing in human

ABSTRACT: Adaptation to low levels of O2 (hypoxia) is a universal biological feature across metazoans. Yet the underlying mechanisms how different species sense O2 deprivation remain to be deciphered. Here we functionally characterize a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), LOC105369301, which we termed hypoxia-induced lncRNA for PLK1 stabilization or HILPS. HILPS exhibits appreciable basal expression exclusively in a broad range of human normal and cancer cells and is robustly induced by hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). HILPS binds PLK1 and sequesters it from proteasome degradation. Stabilized PLK1 directly phosphorylates HIF1α and enhance its stability, constituting a positive feedforward circuit that reinforces oxygen sensing by HIF1α. HILPS inactivation triggers catastrophic adaptation defect during hypoxia in both normal and cancer cells. These findings introduce a mechanism that underlies the HIF1α identity deeply interconnected with PLK1 integrity, and identify the HILPS-PLK1-HIF1α pathway as a crucial oxygen-sensing axis in regulation of human physiological and pathogenic processes.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE230388 | GEO | 2023/10/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Hypoxia-induced cell injury has been related to multiple pathological conditions. In order to render hypoxia-sensitive cells and tissues resistant to low O2 environment, in this current study, we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model to dissect the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-tolerance. A D. melanogaster strain that lives perpetually in an extremely low-oxygen environment (4% O2, an oxygen level that is equivalent to that over about 4,000 m above Mt. Everest) was generated through laboratory selection pressure using a continuing reduction of O2 over many generations. This phenotype is genetically stable since selected flies, after several generations in room air, survive at this low O2 level. Gene expression profiling showed striking differences between tolerant and naÃ¯ve flies, in larvae and adults, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Up-regulated genes in the tolerant flies included signal transduction pathways (e.g., Notch and Toll/Imd pathways), but metabolic genes were remarkably down-regulated in the larvae. Furthermore, a different allelic frequency and enzymatic activity of the triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) was present in the tolerant versus naÃ¯ve flies. The transcriptional suppressor, hairy, was up-regulated in the microarrays and its binding elements were present in the regulatory region of the specifically down-regulated metabolic genes but not others, and mutations in hairy significantly reduced hypoxia tolerance. We conclude that, the hypoxia-selected flies: (a) altered their gene expression and genetic code, and (b) coordinated their metabolic suppression, especially during development, with hairy acting as a metabolic switch, thus playing a crucial role in hypoxia-tolerance. Keywords: genetic bases of hypoxia adaptation 27 isogenic D. melanogaster Lines were pooled and following long-term selection over generations with decreased oxygen level in the culture environment. The differences in gene expression were compared between adapted flies and generation matched naive controls by microarray. Pooled RNA samples from 3rd instar larvae of 27 parental lines were used as common reference.

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HILPS, a novel long non-coding RNA essential for global oxygen sensing in human

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