Transcriptomics

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The antigen-specific T cell vaccine reduces mature neutrophil accrued in the spleen to induce immune tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis


ABSTRACT: RA, an autoimmune disease characterized by debilitating pain and joint damage, poses challenges in current treatments due to their non-specific nature and potential for systemic side effects. This study introduces a novel therapeutic approach – Antigen-Specific T Cell Vaccine (AgTCV), targeting the root cause of RA by selectively suppressing autoantigen-specific cells without compromising overall immunity. Utilizing a citrullinated self-peptide derived from collagen II, we developed AgTCV through selective expansion and inactivation of autoreactive T cells. In vivo experiments using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model demonstrated the sustained efficacy of AgTCV, reducing inflammation, cartilage damage, and bone erosion. The vaccine also modulated immune responses, decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and pathogenic autoantibody levels. AgTCV's subcutaneous delivery showcased prolonged persistence, efficient recruitment in draining lymph nodes, and enhanced dendritic cell maturation at the injection site. Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed dynamic changes induced by AgTCV, emphasizing the pivotal role of neutrophils in remodeling inflammatory tissue towards immune homeostasis. These findings propose AgTCV as a promising, cost-effective, and targeted immunotherapy for RA, with implications for broader applications in autoimmune disorders.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE255631 | GEO | 2025/07/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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