Basal IFNλ2/3 expression regulates tight junction formation in human epithelial cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE279172 | GEO | 2025/06/02
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated mRNA regulation directs many homeostatic and pathological processes, but how miRNAs coordinate aberrant esophageal inflammation during eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is poorly understood. Here, we report a deregulatory axis where microRNA-155 (miR-155) regulates epithelial barrier dysfunction by selectively constraining tight junction CLDN7 (claudin-7). MiR-155 is elevated in the esophageal epithelium of biopsies from patients with active EoE and in cell culture models. miR-155 localisation using in situ hybridisation (ISH) in patient biopsies, and intra-epithelial compartmentalisation of miR-155 shows expression predominantly within the basal epithelia. Epithelial miR-155 activity was evident through diminished target gene expression in 3D organotypic cultures, particularly in relatively undifferentiated basal cell states. Mechanistically, generation of a novel cell line with enhanced epithelial miR-155 stable overexpression induced a functionally deficient epithelial barrier in 3D air-liquid interface epithelial cultures measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Histological assessment of 3D esophageal organoid cultures overexpressing miR-155 showed notable dilated intra-epithelial spaces. Unbiased RNA-sequencing analysis and immunofluorescence determined a defect in epithelial barrier tight junctions and revealed a selective reduction in the expression of critical esophageal tight junction molecule, claudin-7. Together, our data reveal a previously unappreciated role for miR-155 in mediating epithelial barrier dysfunction in esophageal inflammation.
2023-12-12 | GSE244629 | GEO
Project description:The apical junctional complex (AJC), composed of tight junctions and adherens junctions, is essential for maintaining epithelial barrier function. Since cigarette smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the major smoking-induced disease, are both associated with increased lung epithelial permeability, we hypothesized that smoking alters the transcriptional program regulating AJC integrity in the small airway epithelium (SAE), the primary site of pathological changes in COPD. Transcriptome analysis revealed a global down-regulation of physiological AJC gene expression in the SAE of healthy smokers (n=53) compared to healthy nonsmokers (n=59), an observation associated with changes in molecular pathways regulating epithelial differentiation such as PTEN signaling and accompanied by induction of cancer-related AJC genes. Genome-wide co-expression analysis identified a smoking-sensitive AJC transcriptional network. The overall expression of AJC-associated genes was further decreased in COPD smokers (n=23). Exposure of human airway epithelial cells to cigarette smoke extract in vitro resulted in down-regulation of several AJC-related genes, accompanied by decreased transepithelial resistance. Thus, cigarette smoking alters the AJC gene expression architecture in the human airway epithelium, providing a molecular basis for the dysregulation of airway epithelial barrier function during the development of smoking-induced lung disease. The apical junctional complex (AJC), composed of tight junctions and adherens junctions, is essential for maintaining epithelial barrier function. Since cigarette smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the major smoking-induced disease, are both associated with increased lung epithelial permeability, we hypothesized that smoking alters the transcriptional program regulating AJC integrity in the small airway epithelium (SAE), the primary site of pathological changes in COPD. In this study, microarray analysis of the SAE obtained from 53 healthy nonsmokers, 59 healthy smokers, and 23 smokers with COPD was performed to determine physiological AJC gene expression architecture in the SAE and its modification by cigarette smoking and during the development of COPD.
2011-06-27 | E-GEOD-20257 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Beneficial microbes can be actors in maintaining or stimulating barrier function, and may counteract pathogen-infection. Lactobacilli are particularly recognized for enhancing intestinal barrier function and to confer protective effects against multiresistant pathogens. Various L. acidophilus strains support intestinal immune barrier function and have been shown to improve resistance to pathogens. Although less extensively studied than beneficial bacteria, other food-based ingredients that can contribute to strengthening barrier function are dietary fibers. For instance, inulin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have recently been shown to enhance barrier function and protect against barrier dysfunction. Effects of these ingredients on intestinal barrier function were evaluated by quantifying regulation of gene expression by microarray. Methods: Caco-2 cells were incubated with probiotic strains or inulin-type fibers for 6 hours, total RNA was extracted and Affymterix Human Gene 1.1 ST arrays were used to analyze the gene expression profiles. Results: Only L. acidophilus modulated a group of 26 genes related to tight-junctions. Inulin-type fructans, L. brevis W63 and L. casei W56 regulated other genes, unrelated to tight junctions. L. acidophilus also had unique effects on a group of 6 genes regulating epithelial phenotype towards follicle-associated epithelium. L. acidophilus W37 was therefore selected for a challenge with STM and prevented STM-induced barrier disruption and decreased secretion of IL-8. L. acidophilus W37 increases TEER and can protect against STM induced disruption of gut epithelial cells integrity in vitro. Conclusion: Our results suggest that selection of specific bacterial strains for enforcing barrier function may be a promising strategy to reduce or prevent STM infections.
2018-07-19 | GSE115022 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms the outer blood-retinal barrier. Primary cultures of RPE can model the barrier, but are very sensitive to culture conditions. We examined how the neural retina regulates the RPE transcriptome in a culture model of embryonic development. Attention focused on the tight junctional genes essential for barrier function. Methods: Chick RPE from embryonic day 7 (E7) or embryonic day 14 (E14) was cultured on filters in a serum free medium. Media conditioned by organ culture of neural retinas was applied to the apical surface of the cultured RPE. Fetal bovine serum (2%) was included in some experiments. When the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) reached a plateau, total RNA was isolated to probe the chick genome on Affymetrix microarrays. The expression tight junctional mRNAs was confirmed by real-time PCR and immunoblotting the protein. Results: The TER was slightly increased by serum, but increased 2-3X by retinal conditioned medium. Serum diminished the effect of retinal conditioned medium. In basal conditions, 86% of the transcriptome expressed during development in vivo was also expressed in culture. Approximately 5% of the transcriptome expressed in culture was absent in vivo. E14 retinal conditioned medium affected 15% of the transcriptome in E7 cultures (24% if serum was included), but only 1.9% in E14 cultures (12% with serum). Examination of 610 genes important for RPE function revealed that mRNAs for 17% were regulated by retinal conditioned medium alone in E7 cultures, compared to 6.2% for E14. For tight junctions, retinal conditioned medium had the most affect on members of the claudin family. These results were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Besides regulating mRNA levels, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry suggested additional mechanisms whereby retinal secretions regulated protein expression and localization. Conclusions: Gene expression in primary cultures of embryonic RPE resembled the native tissue, but expression, and differentiation, is improved when elements of the normal extracellular environment are replicated in culture. For a small group of proteins, retinal secretions were required to maintain in vivo-like expression in culture. Albeit insufficient, retinal secretions promoted differentiation of immature RPE and helped maintain the properties of more mature RPE. Experiment Overall Design: RPE were isolated from chicken embryos on embryonic day 7 or 14 and cultured, as described <Rahner C, Fukuhara M, Peng S, Kojima S, Rizzolo LJ. The apical and basal environments of the retinal pigment epithelium regulate the maturation of tight junctions during development. J Cell Sci. 2004;117:3307-18>. E7 is when tight junctions of the RPE begin to form; E14 is when tight junctions achieve their mature morphological appearance in vivo. The cells were cultured in medium that contains or lacks E14 retinal conditioned medium. Because serum inhibits the effect of retinal conditioned medium, serum was added to some cultures, resulting in 4 culture conditions for each age. To isolate total RNA, the RNeasy Protect kit (Qiagen) was used according to the manufacturer's protocols. For each culture, 3 independent preparations were used for analysis on Affymetrix microarrays of the chicken genome (Santa Clara, CA). The quality of the total RNA was assessed by the Keck Center, Yale University using formamide gels and a 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA)
2008-11-01 | E-GEOD-10538 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Basal IFNλ2/3 expression regulates tight junction formation in human epithelial cells
| PRJNA1171017 | ENA
Project description:Establishment and maintenance of epithelial architecture are essential for embryonic development and adult physiology. Here, we show that ERK3, a poorly characterized atypical MAPK, regulates epithelial architecture in vertebrates. In Xenopus embryonic epidermal epithelia, ERK3 knockdown impairs adherens and tight junction protein distribution, as well as tight junction barrier function, resulting in epidermal breakdown. Moreover, in human breast epithelial cancer cells, inhibition of ERK3 expression induces thickened epithelia with aberrant adherens and tight junctions. Microarray results suggest an involvement of TFAP2A, a transcription factor important for epithelial gene expression, in ERK3-dependent gene expression changes. TFAP2A knockdown phenocopies ERK3 knockdown in both Xenopus embryos and human cells, and ERK3 is required for full activation of TFAP2A-dependent transcription. Our findings thus reveal that ERK3 regulates epithelial architecture, possibly in cooperation with TFAP2A. We used microarrays to compare the changes in ERK3-dependent gene expression profiles with those in TFAP2A-dependent gene expression profiles in Xenopus laevis embryos.
2018-06-13 | GSE110428 | GEO
Project description:Establishment and maintenance of epithelial architecture are essential for embryonic development and adult physiology. Here, we show that ERK3, a poorly characterized atypical MAPK, regulates epithelial architecture in vertebrates. In Xenopus embryonic epidermal epithelia, ERK3 knockdown impairs adherens and tight junction protein distribution, as well as tight junction barrier function, resulting in epidermal breakdown. Moreover, in human breast epithelial cancer cells, inhibition of ERK3 expression induces thickened epithelia with aberrant adherens and tight junctions. Microarray results suggest an involvement of TFAP2A, a transcription factor important for epithelial gene expression, in ERK3-dependent gene expression changes. TFAP2A knockdown phenocopies ERK3 knockdown in both Xenopus embryos and human cells, and ERK3 is required for full activation of TFAP2A-dependent transcription. Our findings thus reveal that ERK3 regulates epithelial architecture, possibly in cooperation with TFAP2A. We used microarrays to study the changes in ERK3-dependent gene expression profiles during pronephros and epidermal development in Xenopus laevis embryos.
2018-06-13 | GSE110427 | GEO
Project description:Dietary glucosylceramide (GC) improves skin barrier function. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved, we used a microarray system to analyze mRNA expression in SDS-treated dorsal skin of hairless mouse. Transepidermal water loss of mouse skin was increased by SDS treatment and the increase was significantly reduced by prior oral administration of glucosylceramides. Microarray-evaluated mRNA expression ratios showed statistically significant increase of expression of genes related to cornified envelope and tight junction formation versus all genes in glucosylceramide-fed/SDS-treated mouse skin. We then examined the contribution of glucosylceramide metabolites to tight junction formation of cultured keratinocytes. SDS treatment of cultured keratinocytes significantly decreased the transepidermal electrical resistance, and the decrease was significantly ameliorated in the presence of sphingosine or phytosphingosine, the major metabolites of glucosylceramide. These results suggest that oral administration of glucosylceramide improves skin barrier function by upregulating genes associated with both cornified envelope and tight junction formation. Two-condition experiment, effect of oral intake of GC on mice skin before SDS treatment (0d), and after SDS treatment(2d), Biological replicates: 3 replicates for 0d, 4 replicates for 2d.
2012-03-31 | E-GEOD-28086 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The apical junctional complex (AJC), composed of tight junctions and adherens junctions, is essential for maintaining epithelial barrier function. Since cigarette smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the major smoking-induced disease, are both associated with increased lung epithelial permeability, we hypothesized that smoking alters the transcriptional program regulating AJC integrity in the small airway epithelium (SAE), the primary site of pathological changes in COPD. Transcriptome analysis revealed a global down-regulation of physiological AJC gene expression in the SAE of healthy smokers (n=53) compared to healthy nonsmokers (n=59), an observation associated with changes in molecular pathways regulating epithelial differentiation such as PTEN signaling and accompanied by induction of cancer-related AJC genes. Genome-wide co-expression analysis identified a smoking-sensitive AJC transcriptional network. The overall expression of AJC-associated genes was further decreased in COPD smokers (n=23). Exposure of human airway epithelial cells to cigarette smoke extract in vitro resulted in down-regulation of several AJC-related genes, accompanied by decreased transepithelial resistance. Thus, cigarette smoking alters the AJC gene expression architecture in the human airway epithelium, providing a molecular basis for the dysregulation of airway epithelial barrier function during the development of smoking-induced lung disease.
2011-06-27 | GSE20257 | GEO
Project description:We studied RSV infection in an appropriate in vitro model of respiratory epithelium, a pseudostratified and fully differentiated mucociliary epithelium of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. RSV infection increased actin cytoskeleton without compromising adherent-, tight-, and tricellular-junctions as well as ciliary functions and epithelial tissue barrier integrity. This increased cytoskeleton depends on actin polymerization and the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Thus, we observed a novel signature “increased cytoskeleton” termed “cytoskeletal inflammation” in RSV-infected respiratory epithelium that presumably lacks classical antigen presenting cells, such as resident dendritic cells and macrophages. Our results suggest that RSV-induced cytoskeletal inflammation is a noncanonical earliest host response to the pathogen and contributes to airway inflammation.
2023-03-10 | GSE146795 | GEO