Evaluation of the efficacy of arctiin in promotes inactivated infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus vaccine from immune and metabolic perspectives
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Oncorhynchus mykiss
PROVIDER: GSE285928 | GEO | 2026/01/06
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is experiencing a catastrophic pandemic. In recent years, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) has spread nationwide, resulting in significant mortality. Currently, there are no available treatments or vaccines for IHNV in China. Here, Astragalus extract was purified and characterized. Then, we developed an inactivated IHNV vaccine with purified Astragalus polysaccharide (P-APS) as an adjuvant. Safety assays showed that IHNV was successfully inactivated. After a serious IHNV challenge, the cumulative mortality rates were 76.0%, 38.0% and 22.08% in control, vaccine and P-APS+vaccine group, respectively. P-APS+vaccine was effective in reducing head kidney damage and apoptosis after IHNV challenge by histopathological and TUNEL analyses. P-APS+vaccine group showed better results in enhancing specific antibodies (IgM) and immune enzyme activities (C3, LZM, GOT and GPT). RNA-seq revealed that many immune-related pathways were significantly enriched. TLR2, TLR7, C3, IFN-γ, IgM, MHC1, MHC2, MX1, and VIG1 identified as core genes based on RNA-seq and PPI networks. Mechanistic investigations showed that the P-APS+vaccine activates the immune pathway by upregulating the expression of these genes. P-ASP+vaccine induced effective innate and adaptive immune responses that were stronger than single vaccines after vaccination and IHNV challenged. Our findings will provide a promising vaccine candidate against IHNV.
2025-01-03 | GSE285401 | GEO
Project description:The Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosic Virus (IHNV) DNA vaccine is based on the viral glycoprotein gene (G gene) and induces a non-specific anti-viral immune response and long-term specific immunity against IHNV in salmonid fishes. This study characterized gene expression responses associated with the early anti-viral response. Homozygous rainbow trout were injected intra-muscularly (I.M.) with vector DNA or the IHNV DNA vaccine. Gene expression at the I.M. site was evaluated using a 16,000 feature salmon cDNA microarray. Eighty different transcripts were significantly modulated in the vector DNA group while 910 transcripts were modulated in the IHNV DNA vaccinated group relative to control group. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was used to examine expression of selected genes at the I.M. site and in other secondary tissues. In the localized response (I.M. site), the magnitudes of gene expression changes were higher in the vaccinate group relative to the vector DNA group for the majority of genes analyzed. At secondary systemic sites (e.g. gill, kidney and spleen) evaluated with RT-PCR of specific genes, the main difference was the up-regulation of the type I IFN-related genes in only the IHNV DNA vaccinated group. Keywords: disease vaccine response Gene expression at the site of I.M injection was evaluated 7 days post-injection in clonal rainbow trout. Gene expression was compared across three treatments, with replicate clonal rainbow trout individuals (Hot Creek strain) within each treatment. Treatments included injection with 1X PBS (control group), plasmid vector only (without IHNV G gene; hereafter referred to as vector group), and the pIHNV vaccine (vaccine group). Three clonal individuals from the control, three individuals from the vector group, and four individuals from the vaccine group were labeled with Cy3 and used for individual hybridizations to ten slides, comparing hybridization of each individual to a major reference RNA pool. The major reference pool consisted of three unhandled clonal rainbow trout and constituted a pool of RNA from the anterior kidney, spleen, liver and muscle and was labelled with Cy5. Total RNA was extracted from samples, amplified, and hybridized to 16,000 feature Atlantic salmon cDNA arrays developed by the Genomic Research for Atlantic Salmon project. Differential expression was compared among control, vector, and vaccine groups.
2005-12-09 | E-GEOD-3522 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosic Virus (IHNV) DNA vaccine is based on the viral glycoprotein gene (G gene) and induces a non-specific anti-viral immune response and long-term specific immunity against IHNV in salmonid fishes. This study characterized gene expression responses associated with the early anti-viral response. Homozygous rainbow trout were injected intra-muscularly (I.M.) with vector DNA or the IHNV DNA vaccine. Gene expression at the I.M. site was evaluated using a 16,000 feature salmon cDNA microarray. Eighty different transcripts were significantly modulated in the vector DNA group while 910 transcripts were modulated in the IHNV DNA vaccinated group relative to control group. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was used to examine expression of selected genes at the I.M. site and in other secondary tissues. In the localized response (I.M. site), the magnitudes of gene expression changes were higher in the vaccinate group relative to the vector DNA group for the majority of genes analyzed. At secondary systemic sites (e.g. gill, kidney and spleen) evaluated with RT-PCR of specific genes, the main difference was the up-regulation of the type I IFN-related genes in only the IHNV DNA vaccinated group. Keywords: disease vaccine response
2005-12-09 | GSE3522 | GEO
Project description:Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a virus of the genus Novirhabdovirus and the causative agent of infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN), one of the most serious threats to salmonid fishes. IHN outbreaks can cause more than 80% mortality rates in certain cases. Studying the transcriptional responses to the secondary immunization with a live attenuated IHNV vaccine will help us understand how fish previously immunized respond when they encounter again the same pathogen and how effective this type of vaccination is.This experiment was aimed at understanding the transcriptomic response of rainbow trout to an IHNV secondary nasal vaccination.
2022-02-18 | E-MTAB-4788 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Evaluation of the efficacy of arctiin in promotes inactivated infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus vaccine from immune and metabolic perspectives
| PRJNA1206997 | ENA
Project description:To characterise the transcriptional response in brain of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that were persistently infected with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and to determine whether carrying the IHNV affects the ability to respond to other immunological challenges we compared the brain transcriptome of IHNV carriers, IHNV-negative survivors, and naïve Sockeye Salmon that were never exposed to IHNV. In addition we determined the transcriptional changes among carriers, survivors and naïve fish in their response to the viral mimic polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), using the cGRASP 44K salmon oligoarray.
2015-08-10 | GSE65241 | GEO
Project description:The urgent approval of the use of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine is essential to reduce the threat and burden of the epidemic on global public health, however, our current understanding of the host immune response to inactivated vaccine remains limited. We performed transcriptomics analysis on 20 SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals who received multiple doses of inactivated vaccine and five SARS-CoV-2 recovered individuals who received single dose of inactivated vaccine. These data help us understand the reaction mechanism of the host's molecular immune system to the inactivated vaccine, and provide a basis for the choice of vaccination strategy.
2022-02-23 | GSE189263 | GEO
Project description:Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an economically important cold-water fish cultured worldwide, suffers from infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) infection, resulting in huge financial losses. In order to understand the immune response of rainbow trout during virus infection, we explored trout skin transcriptome profiles following IHNV challenge, and identified 6905 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Transcriptome analysis revealed numerous DEGs involved in immune responses, such as NOD1, NLRC3, NLRC5, TLR3, TLR7/8, TRIM25, DHX58, IFIH1, IRF3/7, STAT1, TRAF3, MX1 and HSP90A1. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in various immune-related terms including immune system process, innate immune response and regulation of immune effector process and pathways of cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, Chemokine signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. In addition, protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was used to display highly interactive DEG networks involving immune-related pathways. The expression trends of 16 DEGs were further verified by quantitative real-time PCR, which confirmed the reliability of the transcriptome sequencing results. This study expands our understanding of the immune response of rainbow trout infected with IHNV, and provides valuable resources for future studies on the immune molecular mechanism and disease resistance breeding.
2022-12-28 | GSE221722 | GEO
Project description:To characterise the transcriptional response in brain of Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that were persistently infected with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and to determine whether carrying the IHNV affects the ability to respond to other immunological challenges we compared the brain transcriptome of IHNV carriers, IHNV-negative survivors, and naïve Sockeye Salmon that were never exposed to IHNV. In addition we determined the transcriptional changes among carriers, survivors and naïve fish in their response to the viral mimic polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), using the cGRASP 44K salmon oligoarray. Fish that survived an immersion challenge with IHNV and time-matched control (naïve) fish that were never exposed to IHNV were reassigned into 2 tanks each at 271 days post challenge (dpc). One group each of the challenged and naïve fish received an intraperitoneal injection of poly(I:C). For controls, a group each of challenged and naïve fish were not injected. Brain tissues were sampled from each tank at 3 (274 dpc), 7 (278 dpc) and 10 (281 dpc) days after poly(I:C) injection. Based on the presence of IHNV in brain fish were assigned into “carriers” and “survivors”, i.e. fish with detectable and undetectable levels of IHNV, respectively. For transcriptomic profiling brain samples were analysed from naïve (n = 7), survivors (n = 7), and carriers (n = 5), as well as poly(I:C)-injected naïve (n = 7), poly(I:C)-injected survivors (n = 7), and poly(I:C)-injected carriers (n = 2). All analysed brain samples were collected 274 dpc (i.e. 3 d after poly(I:C) injection) with the exception of two carriers that were collected 278 dpc. The smaller sample size for carriers was a result of the few individuals that survived the exposure that ended up carrying the virus.
2015-08-10 | E-GEOD-65241 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) can cause widespread death of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), understanding the molecular mechanisms that occur in the rainbow trout in response to IHNV infection will be useful to decrease IHN-related morbidity and mortality in trout aquaculture. However, the molecular mechanisms of rainbow trout in response to IHNV are very limited. This study performed analysis of mRNAs and miRNAs based on RNA-seq technology on the intestine of rainbow trout infected with IHNV and control. There were 80 differentially expressed miRNAs that regulated 3355 target mRNAs, which overlapped with differentially expressed mRNAs obtained from RNA-seq. The expression patterns of DEGs and miRNAs differentially expressed were validated by qRT-PCR. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses of the potential target genes of the DE miRNAs, revealed DEGs were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway. These findings improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IHNV infection. The study analyzed the immune regulatory target gene pairs and signal pathways of rainbow trout intestine against IHNV infection at the transcriptional level, and provided basic data for the study of rainbow trout against IHNV immune regulatory.
2021-06-09 | GSE176398 | GEO