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Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [bulk RNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: As Earth’s magnetic field and ozone continue to weaken, space radiation begins pose a significant threat to the health of not only space travelers, but the world’s population. Space radiation and its high-energy and high-charge ions create distinct clusters of DNA and concentrated macromolecular damage that results in the accumulation of senescent cells (SnCs) known to play a critical role in promoting multimorbidity. Here we demonstrate that human fibroblasts exposed to different forms of space radiation acquire senescence-associated phenotypes including morphological alterations and the accumulation of SA-ßgal+ cells more efficiently than ꝩ-irradiation. Bulk and single cell RNA (scRNAseq) sequencing analysis revealed that space irradiated human fibroblasts up-regulated senescent-like phenotypes to a greater extent than γ-irradiation and enriched pathways associated with chronic activation and adaptation of the integrated stress response and NADPH-coupled redox metabolism. Healthy cells treated with conditioned media from irradiated SnCs manifested pro-inflammatory transcriptional profiles dependent on both radiation and cell type. Finally, treatment with known senotherapeutics demonstrated radiation-specific effects in primary dermal fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate that space radiation differentially induces senescent phenotypes in human cells compared to γ-irradiation that may play a key role in the pathogenic effects of space travel.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE297560 | GEO | 2025/12/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [scRNA-Seq]

Project description:As Earth’s magnetic field and ozone continue to weaken, space radiation begins pose a significant threat to the health of not only space travelers, but the world’s population. Space radiation and its high-energy and high-charge ions create distinct clusters of DNA and concentrated macromolecular damage that results in the accumulation of senescent cells (SnCs) known to play a critical role in promoting multimorbidity. Here we demonstrate that human fibroblasts exposed to different forms of space radiation acquire senescence-associated phenotypes including morphological alterations and the accumulation of SA-ßgal+ cells more efficiently than ꝩ-irradiation. Bulk and single cell RNA (scRNAseq) sequencing analysis revealed that space irradiated human fibroblasts up-regulated senescent-like phenotypes to a greater extent than γ-irradiation and enriched pathways associated with chronic activation and adaptation of the integrated stress response and NADPH-coupled redox metabolism. Healthy cells treated with conditioned media from irradiated SnCs manifested pro-inflammatory transcriptional profiles dependent on both radiation and cell type. Finally, treatment with known senotherapeutics demonstrated radiation-specific effects in primary dermal fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate that space radiation differentially induces senescent phenotypes in human cells compared to γ-irradiation that may play a key role in the pathogenic effects of space travel.

2025-12-09 | GSE297559 | GEO

Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [scRNA-Seq]

Project description:Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [scRNA-Seq]

| PRJNA1265193 | ENA

Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [bulk RNA-Seq]

Project description:Space radiation induces distinct senescent phenotypes: Implications for space travel [bulk RNA-Seq]

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Genome-wide microarray analysis of normal human fibroblasts in response to γ-radiation and the radiation induced bystander effect

Project description:The bystander effect from ionizing radiation consists of cellular responses generated from non-irradiated cells to the irradiation of their neighbors. The bystander effect is predominant at low doses and can lead to DNA damage and genomic instability in the affected cells. This non-targeted effect of radiation has received attention due to its potential implications for cancer therapy and radiation protection. Although studied extensively, a complete understanding of its molecular mechanism is the subject of ongoing research. While many studies have targeted specific factors which are suggested to be involved in the bystander effect, few have looked at whole genome gene expression in bystander cells. Furthermore, even fewer studies have looked at the expression in normal human cell lines. In this study, we have monitored transcriptional responses to γ-radiation in irradiated and bystander normal fibroblasts simultaneously using a genome-wide microarray approach. Bystander fibroblasts incubated in medium from irradiated cells, showed transient enrichment (less than 1.5 fold) in ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation pathways, and neurodegenerative disease pathways associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions. Bystander fibroblasts did not, however, display increases in oxidative stress, a phenomenon often linked with the radiation induced bystander effect. Total RNA was isolated from normal human fibroblasts irradiated with 2.0 Gy and fibroblasts incubated with medium from sham irradiated and irradiated cells 2 h after irradiation. RNA was isolated 4, 8 and 26 h after irradiation and there are 4 replicates for each sample for a total of 36 samples.

2010-12-03 | E-GEOD-25772 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Fractionated Proton Irradiation does not Impair Hippocampal Dependent Short Term or Spatial Memory in Female Mice

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MiRNAs expression in supernatant after ultraviolet irradiation

Project description:To investigate the mechanism of radiation induced bystander effect, we explored miRNAs expression in supernatant of human skin fibroblasts after culturing for 24h post UV irradiation. Primary human skin fibroblasts were obtained from healthy volunteers by means of a foreskin circumcision. Human skin fibroblasts was irradiated with 20J/cm2 UVA or 60mJ/cm2 UVB. Expression of miRNAs were tested by microarray between radiation and control samples.

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Genome-wide microarray analysis of normal human fibroblasts in response to γ-radiation and the radiation induced bystander effect

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BASE-A space experiment with Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H

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2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-14241 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:R. rubrum S1H inoculated on solid agar rich media was sent to the ISS in October 2003 (MESSAGE-part 2 experiment). After 10 days flight, R. rubrum cultures returned back to Earth. These cultures were then subjected to both transcriptomic and proteomic analysis and compared with the corresponding ground control. Whole-genome oligonucleotide microarray and high throughput proteomics, which offer the possibility to survey respectively the global transcriptional and translational response of an organism, were used to test the effect of space flight. Moreover, in an effort to identify a specific stress response of R. rubrum to space flight, ground simulation of space ionizing radiation and space gravity were performed under identical culture setup and growth conditions encountered during the actual space journey. This study is unique in combining the results from an actual space experiment with the corresponding space ionizing radiation and modeled microgravity ground simulations, which lead to a more solid dissection of the different factors contribution acting in space flight conditions. Total RNA was extracted from R. rubrum S1H grown after 10 days in space flight or after 10 days in simulated ionizing radiation or simulated microgravity. Each microarray slide contained 3 technical repeats.

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