Single-cell atlas of mandarin fish ovary reveals the trajectories of oogenesis and its immune microenvironment development in teleosts

ABSTRACT: The establishment of the immune microenvironment during oogenesis in teleosts plays an important role in individual survival and population continuation. However, the maternal influence on offspring immunity is poorly understood, particularly regarding the dynamic development and underlying mechanisms of the oocyte immune microenvironment. Here, we characterized the single-cell atlas of the mandarin fish ovary at the late stage IV, and identified three germ cells and five somatic cells. The distinctive features of the three germ cell types were further explored through the enrichment analysis, suggesting that the immune microenvironment of fish oocytes is formed during the mature oocyte stage. Subsequently, based on the pseudotemporal analysis of three germ cells, as well as the clustering analysis and the cell-cell communication analysis, we depicted the trajectories of oogenesis and its immune microenvironment formation in the mandarin fish ovary. Notably, we identified a high-low-high expression pattern in immune-related pathways across different development stages of oocytes. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal expression dynamics of six key markers were validated using RNA-FISH. These findings provide novel insights into oogenesis and the establishment of maternal/innate immunity in teleosts.

ORGANISM(S): Siniperca chuatsi

PROVIDER: GSE298466 | GEO | 2026/06/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO