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Loss of Histone Methyltransferase Ezh2 Exacerbates Polarization of Macrophages toward M2-Like Phenotypes by Hepatocellular Carcinoma [RNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: The roles of histone methytransferase Ezh2 in TAMs of liver cancer still unclear. In this study, an RNA sequencing was performed for samples from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) of WT and Ezh2 KO mice upon exposure to conditioned media (CM) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line Hepa1-6. The results demonstrated that the absence of Ezh2 in BMDMs exacerbated M2-like phenotypic changes upon incubation with CM from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line. The RNA-sequencing revealed that the M2 gene set was further upregulated in treated BMDMs Ezh2 KO compared to treated BMDMs WT WT and the hallmark of Glycolysis as enriched pathway was identified in BMDMs Ezh2 KO. Additionally, the hallmark of IL-6/JAK/STAT pathway was enriched in CM-treated BMDMs. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that JAK/STAT3 axis is critical for M2-like phenotypic changes and Ezh2 suppresses the shifts of macrophage metabolism toward glycolysis that promotes M2 polarization.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE298836 | GEO | 2026/02/22

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Macrophages (MΦs) are heterogeneous and metabolically flexible with metabolism strongly affecting immune activation. A classic response to pro-inflammatory activation is increased flux through glycolysis with a downregulation of oxidative metabolism, while alternative activation is primarily oxidative which begs the question of whether targeting glucose metabolism is a viable approach to control MΦ activation. We created a murine model of myeloid-specific glucose transporter GLUT1 (Slc2a1) deletion. Bone marrow derived MΦs (BMDM) from Slc2a1M-/- mice failed to uptake glucose and demonstrated reduced glycolysis and Pentose Phosphate Pathway activity. Activated BMDMs displayed elevated metabolism of oleate and glutamine, yet maximal respiratory capacity was blunted in MΦ lacking GLUT1 demonstrating an incomplete metabolic reprogramming. Slc2a1M-/- BMDMs displayed a mixed inflammatory phenotype with reductions of the classically-activated pro- and anti-inflammatory markers, yet less oxidative stress. Slc2a1M-/- BMDMs had reduced pro-inflammatory metabolites, whereas metabolites indicative of alternative activation - such as ornithine and polyamines - were greatly elevated in the absence of GLUT1. Adipose tissue MΦs of lean Slc2a1M-/- mice had increased alternative M2-like activation marker mannose receptor CD206, yet lack of GLUT1 was not a critical mediator in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation. However, Ldlr-/- mice lacking myeloid GLUT1 developed unstable atherosclerotic lesions. Defective phagocytic capacity in Slc2a1M-/- BMDMs may have contributed to unstable atheroma formation. Together our findings suggest that while lack of GLUT1 blunted glycolysis and PPP, MΦ were metabolically flexible enough that inflammatory cytokine release was not dramatically regulated yet phagocytic defects hindered MΦ function in chronic diseases. Control mice are noted as WT or Slc2a1 fl/fl and myeloid GLUT1 deficient are KO or Slc2a1M-/- (LysMCre X Slc2a1fl/fl) for myeloid deficiency.

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Loss of Histone Methyltransferase Ezh2 Exacerbates Polarization of Macrophages toward M2-Like Phenotypes by Hepatocellular Carcinoma [RNA-Seq]

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