Dataset Information

To study glycosaminoglycan (GAG) glycogene expression in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) skin lesions and normal skin

ABSTRACT: Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune disease that localizes to the skin and is known to contain elevated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on Hale’s stain of skin biopsy specimens. Recently, different GAG species have been shown to have distinct effects on the recruitment and activation of immune cells and stimulation of cytokine production (Taylor and Gallo, FASEB, 2006; 20: 9-22). Thus, we speculate that the elevated GAGs observed in CLE play a role in the local inflammatory process that produces skin lesions in these patients.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE29938 | GEO | 2011/06/14

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA140889

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune disease that localizes to the skin and is known to contain elevated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on Hale’s stain of skin biopsy specimens. Recently, different GAG species have been shown to have distinct effects on the recruitment and activation of immune cells and stimulation of cytokine production (Taylor and Gallo, FASEB, 2006; 20: 9-22). Thus, we speculate that the elevated GAGs observed in CLE play a role in the local inflammatory process that produces skin lesions in these patients. In order to further investigate a molecular basis for the elevated expression of these GAGs in CLE skin lesions, we would like to determine the gene expression profiles of GAG synthesis, degradation, and modifier genes in lesional and non-lesional skin samples from CLE patients and compare to those from healthy controls. A microarray approach will give us a broader understanding of the genetic regulation of the expression of various GAG species in CLE skin. We will then be able to target future quantitative gene expression experiments by real-time RT-PCR to the genes that are shown to be involved in CLE. In order to accomplish our goal, we would like to examine the GAG gene expression profiles of DLE, TLE, and SCLE subtypes due to the differences in CS and HA staining that we found among these subtypes. Since HA and CS are elevated in DLE and HA in TLE, but not in SCLE, the SCLE samples will also serve as an internal control. We would like to examine both lesional and non-lesional skin biopsies to determine if CLE skin prior to developing a lesion is different at the genetic level from healthy control skin and how it changes once a lesion does develop. We will separate the dermis from the epidermis of the skin biopsies and extract RNA just from the dermis to enrich for dermal fibroblast RNA. We aim to submit four patient biopsies per subtype as well as four samples from healthy control skin for comparison. This number is necessary in order to account for the biologic variability among different patients. We would submit more samples per subtype but are limited by availability of patients in clinic. Thus, we will have a total of 28 samples to submit for microarray. This study design will allow us to analyze the GAG gene expression profiles among different CLE subtypes and enable us to identify which GAc

Project description:UV irradiation is a major environmental effector of skin damage and aging. Elevated levels of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), as measured by Hale’s stain, are seen following cutaneous photodamage. Preliminary data from our lab indicates that this is a complex response involving differential regulation of both GAGs and proteoglycans. Recently, different GAG species have been shown to have distinct effects on the recruitment and activation of immune cells and stimulation of cytokine production (Taylor and Gallo, FASEB, 2006; 20: 9-22). We speculate that the elevated GAGs and proteoglycans observed after ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation are involved in the inflammatory and healing responses to photodamage. Chondroitin sulfate synthases (CSSs) are not increased by UVB in mice or in cultured human fibroblasts. To determine whether genomic upregulation of CSSs is responsible for the post-UVB CS increase, we measured the dermal expression of CSS1 and CSS3 mRNA in C57Bl6 mice after 5 days of UV-B exposure. Irradiation caused no change in either CSS1 or CSS3 mRNA expression. We also studied CSS RNA expression in cultured human fibroblasts. We compared control cells to cells treated with 30 mJ/cm2 UVB, cells treated with 1 ng/mL IL-1α, and cells co-stimulated with UVB and IL-1α. In vivo, UV-B induces IL-1α production by keratinocytes and inflammatory cells, and this IL-1α interacts with fibroblasts. Co-stimulation with IL-1α + UVB induces TNF-α production by the fibroblasts, mirroring the in vivo interaction. CSS1 mRNA was suppressed 60% and CSS3 mRNA expression dropped 87% relative to sham at 24 hours post-treatment (p<0.001, Dunnet q’). Since CS is not upregulated by its synthases, we postulated an alternative mode of induction whereby one or more CS proteoglycans are transcriptionally increased and bind more CS in the dermis. We used the N-13 goat monoclonal anti-serglycin antibody to visualize changes in cutaneous serglycin content following acute UV-B exposure. Serglycin is one example of CS-binding dermal proteoglycans that is induced by UVB, and there are likely others. Diffuse upper-dermal serglycin staining, like upper-dermal CS, was induced continuously at 24, 48, and 72 hours after irradiation. Serglycin-expressing inflammatory cells are recruited to the dermis following irradiation, peaking at 48 hours post-exposure. A statistically significant 1.70 fold increase in serglycin mRNA was measured in cultured human fibroblasts 6 hours after co-stimulation with UVB and IL-1α. Realtime PCR also revealed a significant 2.04 fold upregulation at 24 hours after co-stimulation, and serglycin was increased 4.63 times 6 hours after Il-1α treatment alone.

Dataset Information

To study glycosaminoglycan (GAG) glycogene expression in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) skin lesions and normal skin

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