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Uptake of polystyrene nanoplastics by cumulus-oocyte complexes impairs oocyte and embryo development

ABSTRACT: Nanoplastics (NPs), plastic particles smaller than 1 μm, have gained increasing attention due to their potential health effects. Experimental studies in animals have shown that NPs can pass biological barriers, reach the female reproductive tract, and enter the ovary. Their presence in the ovary might have profound consequences for reproductive endpoints, such as oocyte development. This study aimed to investigate the uptake and associated effects of polystyrene (PS) NPs on oocyte and embryo development using a bovine in vitro fertilization (IVF) model. Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were exposed to pristine PS-NPs (50 nm or 200 nm) at different doses during in vitro maturation (23 hours), followed by IVF and embryo culture. RNA sequencing was performed to investigate mechanisms involved in possible effects on oocyte maturation. Confocal microscopy confirmed the internalization of 50 nm and 200 nm PS-NPs into cumulus cells, however, only 50 nm particles were able to transfer into oocytes. Additionally, exposure to 50 nm PS-NPs at 3 μg/mL significantly delayed oocyte nuclear maturation and early embryo development. At this dose, RNA sequencing did not identify differentially expressed genes in the COCs, however, gene set enrichment analyses did indicate effects on mitochondrial processes. Nevertheless, subsequent analysis on mitochondrial activity remained unaffected.

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

PROVIDER: GSE299785 | GEO | 2026/02/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:In mammals, the capacity of the female germ cell, the oocyte, to develop into embryo is acquired throughout meiotic maturation. Immature oocyte cannot be fertilized while mature oocyte is apt to accept spermatozoa and to develop an embryo. In a follicle, the oocyte is surrounded by mural granulosa cells (GC) and is physically and metabolically coupled with specialized granulosa cumulus cells (CC) which play an important role in oocyte maturation and fertilization. Factors expressing in GC and CC during maturation may reflect the oocyte quality, i.e. its capacity to be fertilized and assure early embryo development. However, the modifications of the content and the amount of peptide/proteins in the oocyte and the surrounding CC during oocyte maturation are mostly unknown and so there is not an accurate way of evaluating/monitoring how different in vitro maturation (IVM) protocols being in use in assisted reproduction technologies, can affect the process. In this context, Intact Cell MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry (ICM-MS) was applied to bovine follicular cells (bovine single oocytes, cumulus cells and granulosa cells) in order to characterize proteomic changes that occur in the follicle during female gamete development. In order to characterize finely endogenous molecular species observed on ICM-MS profiles and to identify markers of interest with their post-translational modifications, we carried out top-down proteomic on the different follicular cells from oocyte, oocyte-cumulus complexes, cumulus cells and granulosa cells protein extracts. Prior to top-down MS using a dual linear ion trap Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometer LTQ Orbitrap Velos, depending on the amount of available biological material, we employed three analytic strategies as a direct infusion, a mono-dimensional liquid chromatography (µLC-1D-MS/MS) and an off-line multi-dimensional liquid chromatography combining four fractionations (based on reverse phase or gel filtration LC) to µLC-MS/MS. Here, we deposited our dataset from µLC-1D-MS/MS (analyses of oocytes, oocyte-cumulus complexes, cumulus cells and granulosa cells protein extracts) and MDLC-MS/MS (analyses of granulosa cells protein extract).

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Uptake of polystyrene nanoplastics by cumulus-oocyte complexes impairs oocyte and embryo development

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