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A SWEET Challenge: Less Sugar for Rhizospheric Microbiome Under the Successive Wheat Cultivatoin

ABSTRACT: Considering the crucial role of root exudates, we hypothesized that continuous wheat cultivation would lead to lower glucose release, resulting in lower microbial growth, activity, and biomass. For the first time in situ glucose imaging was optimized for studying the interactions in the first (W1) and third (W3) wheat after break crop plots in the field. Glucose imaging method combined with soil microbial respiration, enzyme kinetics and the quantification SWEET genes expression levels in wheat plants. W3 had the lowest proportion of hotspots for glucose release with 1.35 % of the total soil surface area, indicating a 17.7 % decline compared to W1. Also, the expressions of functional orthologous genes of SWEET1a in wheat roots were significantly upregulated in W3 compared to W1. The growing microbial biomass in the rhizosphere soil of W1 was about five times higher than W3. Differences in SWEET gene expression and shift in glucose release is linked to altered root physiology and exudation processes, potentially reflecting the plant's strategy to create a less favourable environment for opportunistic pathogens. Hence, this study provides novel insights into the complex interactions between continuous wheat cultivation, root exudation, microbial dynamics, gene expression, and enzymatic activities.

ORGANISM(S): Triticum aestivum

PROVIDER: GSE299883 | GEO | 2025/06/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Phosphate (P) fertilization induces a myriad of plant rhizosphere processes, required for a better P plant use. However, extended knowledge about plant responses to polyphosphates (PolyP) is still scarce, particularly transcriptomic and functional traits of root-induced rhizosphere processes. The present study aims to investigate belowground traits related to root transcriptomic changes, rhizosphere acidification, root growth, and P acquisition of durum wheat under PolyPs (PolyB and PolyC) supply. Root molecular traits were differentially expressed in response to PolyPs types, with 2481 and 184 genes were differentially expressed (compared to OrthoP) under PolyB (445 up- and 2036 down-regulated) and PolyC (71 up- and 113 down-regulated), respectively. Specifically, PolyB significantly influenced the expression of genes encoding the key enzymes in glycolysis, citrate cycle and acid phosphatases, OGDH, MDH, and ENO, PAP21 genes were upregulated, while TPI, PFK and LDH genes were downregulated. The modulated expression of TCA cycle and PAP genes can presumably explain the induced rhizosphere acidification (pH decreased from 8 to 6.3) and acid phosphatases activity (in root, rhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil solution) under PolyPs, which consequently increased rhizosphere soil P availability (145% compared to OrthoP). This increase in P availability was concomitant with the modulation of root morphological traits and the upregulation of the AUX1 and ABA transporters genes, indicating PolyPs regulatory role in root growth for efficient P uptake. Moreover, PolyB significantly upregulated the expression of SPX3, which is indispensable for the absorption and transport of inorganic P to both roots and shoots. This was physiologically reflected by the increased shoot (36%) and root (61%) Pi contents in response to PolyB compared to OrthoP. Taken together, our findings provide novel and consistent evidence that enhanced P acquisition from PolyPs entails coordinated regulation of the expression of genes related to root-rhizosphere processes (rhizosphere acidification and phosphatases exudation) and root morphology, which consequently induces physiological adaptive traits enabling enhanced availability, acquisition of P, and wheat growth performance.

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A SWEET Challenge: Less Sugar for Rhizospheric Microbiome Under the Successive Wheat Cultivatoin

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