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System biology reveals a mechanism associated with protection by the co-immunization of DNA and protein in the same anatomical site

ABSTRACT: System immunology was used to identify the mechanisms linked to the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an HIV vaccine comprised of Env and Gag DNA and Env proteins by co-administration of the vaccine components in the same muscles or by separate administration of DNA and protein in contralateral sites in female rhesus macaques. Interestingly, only macaques in the co-administration vaccine group were protected against SHIV CH505 acquisition after repeated low-dose intravaginal challenge and showed 67% risk reduction per exposure. Macaques in the co-administration group developed higher migratory monocytes (CXCR4+ monocytes with increased LYN expression) from blood to lymph nodes. The heightened frequency of those migratory monocytes was associated with heightened ADCC pre-challenge and with decreased risk of acquisition. These data suggest that monocytes migration is key to the simultaneous recognition, processing and presentation of DNA+Env protein in the same draining lymph nodes to confer protective immunity.

ORGANISM(S): Macaca mulatta

PROVIDER: GSE307016 | GEO | 2025/09/02

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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