Targeting ABL kinases to overcome melanoma immune evasion during MAPKi resistance
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE325262 | GEO | 2026/07/23
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:KCL-22 is a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line derived from a patient in blast crisis phase and harbors the BCR-ABL translocation. The catalytic (ATP-competitive) BCR-ABL inhibitors imatinib and nilotinib have dramatically improved CML patient outcome, but the development of resistance remains a clinical challenge. The recent identification of allosteric BCR-ABL inhibitors, such as GNF-2, which target the enzyme by binding to the myristoyl pocket rather than catalytic site of ABL1, may provide a strategy to broadly overcome resistance to the class of ABL1 ATP competitive inhibitors. We therefore wanted to use the ClonTracer barcoding system to compare the clonal responses of KCL-22 to imatinib, nilotinib and GNF-2. RNA-seq was employed to characterize genetic alterations and gene expression signatures in the pooled cell populations resistant to BCR-ABL inhibitors as well as single clones showing differential response to the three inhibitors. mRNA profiling of the subpopulations and single clones of human CML cell line KCL-22 that contribute to BCR-ABL inhibitor resistance
2014-10-07 | E-GEOD-62121 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:KCL-22 is a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line derived from a patient in blast crisis phase and harbors the BCR-ABL translocation. The catalytic (ATP-competitive) BCR-ABL inhibitors imatinib and nilotinib have dramatically improved CML patient outcome, but the development of resistance remains a clinical challenge. The recent identification of allosteric BCR-ABL inhibitors, such as GNF-2, which target the enzyme by binding to the myristoyl pocket rather than catalytic site of ABL1, may provide a strategy to broadly overcome resistance to the class of ABL1 ATP competitive inhibitors. We therefore wanted to use the ClonTracer barcoding system to compare the clonal responses of KCL-22 to imatinib, nilotinib and GNF-2. RNA-seq was employed to characterize genetic alterations and gene expression signatures in the pooled cell populations resistant to BCR-ABL inhibitors as well as single clones showing differential response to the three inhibitors.
2014-10-07 | GSE62121 | GEO
Project description:BRAF inhibitors are highly effective therapies for patients with BRAF V600 mutated metastatic melanoma. Patients who receive BRAF inhibitors develop a variety of hyper-proliferative skin conditions, whose pathogenic basis is the paradoxical activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in BRAF wild-type cells. Most of these hyper-proliferative skin changes improve when a MEK inhibitor is co-administered, as a MEK inhibitor blocks paradoxical MAPK activation. We tested whether we could take advantage of the mechanistic understanding of the skin hyper-proliferative side effects of BRAF inhibitors to accelerate skin wound healing by inducing paradoxical MAPK activation. Here we show that the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib accelerates human keratinocyte proliferation and migration by increasing ERK phosphorylation and cell cycle progression. Topical treatment with vemurafenib in two wound-healing models in mice accelerated cutaneous wound healing and improved the tensile strength of healing wounds through paradoxical MAPK activation; addition of a MEK inhibitor reversed the benefit of vemurafenib-accelerated wound healing. The same dosing regimen of topical BRAF inhibitor did not increase the incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in mice even after the application of a carcinogen. Therefore, topical BRAF inhibitors may have clinical applications in accelerating the healing of skin wounds. Full depth incisional wound mice tissues with/without Vemurafenib treatment were sent for RNAseq analysis on day 2, 6 and 14
2016-07-29 | E-GEOD-74558 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Melanoma cell lines were assessed for differences in gene expression patterns between the lines sensitive and resistant to BRAF and MEK inhibitor drugs. 22 BRAF-mutant melanoma cell lines were assessed for response to BRAF and MEK inhibitors in a 3 day drug treatment dose response assay. Based on the IC50, 18 lines were found to be responsive to BRAF or MEK inhibition and 4 were resistant. Normalised gene expression data generated from experimental replicate affymetrix arrays was assessed to identify differential patterns of inherent gene expression between the cell lines grouped as drug-responsive or drug-resistant. This were used to idenify specific candidate genes and pathways associated with inherent BRAF/MEK inhibitor drug resistance in melanoma cells.
2015-08-26 | E-GEOD-45558 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, and leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) of medulloblastoma portends a poorer prognosis at diagnosis and is incurable at recurrence. The biological mechanisms underlying LMD in medulloblastoma are largely unclear. The Abelson (ABL) family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases has been implicated in cancer cell migration, invasion, adhesion, and chemotherapy resistance, and these kinases are upstream mediators of the oncogene c-MYC in fibroblasts. However, their role in medulloblastoma has not yet been explored. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to elucidate the role of the ABL kinases, ABL1 and ABL2, in medulloblastoma LMD. We show here that ABL1/2 mRNA is highly expressed in human medulloblastoma tumor samples and cell lines and that pharmacologic inhibition of ABL kinases results in medulloblastoma cell death. Knockdown of the ABL kinase genes ABL1 and ABL2 results in decreased adhesion to the extracellular matrix protein, vitronectin, and decreased medulloblastoma proliferation in a mouse model of medulloblastoma LMD (resulting in decreased tumor burden with subsequent increased overall survival. Further, both pharmacologic inhibition of ABL1/2 and ABL1/2 knockdown resulted in decreased c-myc expression, revealing a putative signaling pathway. In summary, this work highlights the potential role of ABL kinases in medulloblastoma LMD via c-myc expression.
2023-10-04 | GSE224691 | GEO
Project description:BRAF inhibitors are highly effective therapies for patients with BRAF V600 mutated metastatic melanoma. Patients who receive BRAF inhibitors develop a variety of hyper-proliferative skin conditions, whose pathogenic basis is the paradoxical activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in BRAF wild-type cells. Most of these hyper-proliferative skin changes improve when a MEK inhibitor is co-administered, as a MEK inhibitor blocks paradoxical MAPK activation. We tested whether we could take advantage of the mechanistic understanding of the skin hyper-proliferative side effects of BRAF inhibitors to accelerate skin wound healing by inducing paradoxical MAPK activation. Here we show that the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib accelerates human keratinocyte proliferation and migration by increasing ERK phosphorylation and cell cycle progression. Topical treatment with vemurafenib in two wound-healing models in mice accelerated cutaneous wound healing and improved the tensile strength of healing wounds through paradoxical MAPK activation; addition of a MEK inhibitor reversed the benefit of vemurafenib-accelerated wound healing. The same dosing regimen of topical BRAF inhibitor did not increase the incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in mice even after the application of a carcinogen. Therefore, topical BRAF inhibitors may have clinical applications in accelerating the healing of skin wounds.
2016-07-29 | GSE74558 | GEO
Project description:Expression data from MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells treated with metalloproteinase inhibitor (10uM BB94), MEK inhibitor (3uM PD325901), or DMSO control shows substantial overlap in the transcriptional responses arising from MEK and protease inhibition, suggesting a shared mechanism of action. Kinase inhibitor resistance often involves upregulation of poorly understood “bypass” signaling pathways. Here, we show that extracellular proteomic adaptation is one path to bypass signaling and drug resistance. Proteolytic shedding of surface receptors, which can provide negative feedback on signaling activity, is blocked by kinase inhibitor treatment and enhances bypass signaling. In particular, MEK inhibition broadly decreases shedding of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including HER4, MET, and most prominently AXL, an ADAM10 and ADAM17 substrate, thus increasing surface RTK levels and mitogenic signaling. Progression-free survival of melanoma patients treated with clinical BRAF/MEK inhibitors inversely correlates with RTK shedding reduction following treatment, as measured non-invasively in blood plasma. Disrupting protease inhibition by neutralizing TIMP1 improves MAPK inhibitor efficacy, and combined MAPK/AXL inhibition synergistically reduces tumor growth and metastasis in xenograft models. Altogether, extracellular proteomic rewiring through reduced RTK shedding represents a surprising mechanism for bypass signaling in cancer drug resistance.
2016-03-21 | GSE77868 | GEO
Project description:In an effort to understand the mechanisms of acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors, we isolated clones that acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436 derived from the A375 BRAF V600E mutant melanoma cell line. This resistance clones acquired mutations in NRAS and MEK1. One clones, 16R6-4, acquired two mutations in NRAS – Q61K and A146T. Proliferation and western blot analyses demonstrated that these clones were insensitive to single agent GSK2118436 or GSK1120212 (an allosteric MEK inhibitor) but were sensitive to the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212. To further characterize this combination, global transcriptomic analysis was performed in A375 and 16R6-4 after 24 hour treatment with GSK2118436, GSK1120212 or the combination of GSK2118436 and GSK1120212. This data set was published in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics with the title “Combined inhibition of BRAF and MEK, BRAF and PI3K/mTOR, or MEK and PI3K/mTOR overcomes acquired resistance to the BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436, mediated by NRAS or MEK mutations” by Greger, J.G., et.al. A375 and 16R6-4 (an A375 derived GSK2118436 resistance clone) were treated for 24 hours with 0.1 micromolar GSK2118436, 1 micromolar GSK2118436, 0.01 micromolar GSK1120212, 0.1 micromolar GSK2118436 + 0.01 micromolar GSK1120212, or 1 micromolar GSK2118436 + 0.01 micromolar GSK1120212.
2012-02-01 | E-GEOD-35230 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To gain insight into the signaling pathway(s) required for ABL1/ABL2-dependent bone metastasis, we evaluated the consequences of single or double inactivation of ABL1 and ABL2 on the transcriptome of breast cancer cells. Double ABL1/ABL2 knockdown was required to decrease the levels of p-CrKL by more than 90%, indicative of inactivation of the endogenous ABL kinases. To examine the consequences of depleting the ABL kinases on the transcriptome of metastatic breast cancer cells we employed next generation sequencing (RNAseq) analysis. We found that 180 genes were significantly down-regulated and 40 genes were significantly up-regulated in ABL1/ABL2 knockdown cells.
2016-03-02 | GSE69125 | GEO
Project description:BRAF(V600E) mutant melanomas treated with inhibitors of the BRAF and MEK kinases almost invariably develop resistance, which is frequently caused by reactivation of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. To identify novel treatment options for such patients, we searched for acquired vulnerabilities of MAPK inhibitor-resistant melanomas. We find that resistance to BRAF+MEK inhibitors is associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequent treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) vorinostat represses SLC7A11 that leads to a lethal increase in the already elevated levels of ROS in drug-resistant cells, thereby causing selective apoptotic death of only the drug resistant tumor cells. Consistently, treatment of BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma with HDACi in mice results in a dramatic tumor regression. In a study in patients with advanced BRAF+MEK inhibitor resistant melanoma, we find that HDACi can selectively ablate drug-resistant tumor cells, providing clinical proof of concept for the novel therapy identified here.
2018-04-18 | GSE110948 | GEO