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Gene expression comparison of wild-type and IL15ko thymic NKT cells

ABSTRACT: Semi-invariant natural killer T (NKT) cells are thymus-derived innate lymphocytes that modulate microbial and tumour immunity as well as autoimmune diseases. These immunoregulatory properties of NKT cells are acquired during their development. Much has been learnt regarding the molecular and cellular cues that promote NKT cell development, yet how these cells are maintained in the thymus and the periphery and how they acquire functional competence are incompletely understood. We found that IL-15 induced several Bcl-2 family survival factors in thymic and splenic NKT cells in vitro. Yet, IL15-mediated thymic and peripheral NKT cell survival critically depended on Bcl-xL expression. Additionally, IL-15 regulated thymic developmental stage 2 (ST2) to ST3 lineage progression and terminal NKT cell differentiation. Global gene expression analyses and validation revealed that IL-15 regulated Tbx21 (T-bet) expression in thymic ST3 NKT cells. The loss of IL15-dependent T-bet expression resulted in poor expression of IFN-γ and several NK cell receptors in NKT cells. Taken together, our findings reveal a critical role for IL-15 in NKT cell survival, which is mediated by Bcl-xL, and effector differentiation, which is regulated by T-bet.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE32568 | GEO | 2011/12/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA147009

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Gene expression comparison of wild-type and IL15ko thymic NKT cells

Project description:Semi-invariant natural killer T (NKT) cells are thymus-derived innate lymphocytes that modulate microbial and tumour immunity as well as autoimmune diseases. These immunoregulatory properties of NKT cells are acquired during their development. Much has been learnt regarding the molecular and cellular cues that promote NKT cell development, yet how these cells are maintained in the thymus and the periphery and how they acquire functional competence are incompletely understood. We found that IL-15 induced several Bcl-2 family survival factors in thymic and splenic NKT cells in vitro. Yet, IL15-mediated thymic and peripheral NKT cell survival critically depended on Bcl-xL expression. Additionally, IL-15 regulated thymic developmental stage 2 (ST2) to ST3 lineage progression and terminal NKT cell differentiation. Global gene expression analyses and validation revealed that IL-15 regulated Tbx21 (T-bet) expression in thymic ST3 NKT cells. The loss of IL15-dependent T-bet expression resulted in poor expression of IFN-γ and several NK cell receptors in NKT cells. Taken together, our findings reveal a critical role for IL-15 in NKT cell survival, which is mediated by Bcl-xL, and effector differentiation, which is regulated by T-bet. Gene expression was measured in NKT cells sorted from pooled thymi of wild-type (3 replicates) or IL-15 deficient (2 replicates) mice.

2011-12-08 | E-GEOD-32568 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The study of precise nutrition intervention for colorectal cancer targeting intestinal flora

Project description:Interventions: experimental group 1:Lycium barbarum polysaccharides;Experimental group 2:probiotics;experimental group 3:probiotics+ Lycium barbarum polysaccharides;Control group:placebo Primary outcome(s): Short chain fatty acids;IL-1 beta;IL-6;IL-4;IL-10;Immune interferon;tumor necrosis factor;MUC-2;Bcl-xL;NF-kB;IkB alpha;CRP;SIgA;postoperative abdominal pain;Flora richness;Flora diversity;Flora structure Study Design: Parallel

| 2696263 | ecrin-mdr-crc

IL-2 and IL-15 drive intrathymic development of distinct periphery-seeding CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes

Project description:Development of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T-lymphocytes (Treg) in the thymus is controlled by signals delivered in T-cell precursors via the TCR, co-stimulatory receptors, and cytokine receptors. In absence of IL-2, IL-15 or their receptors, fewer Treg apparently develop in the thymus. However, it was recently shown that a substantial part of thymic Treg are cells that had recirculated from the periphery back to the thymus, troubling interpretation of these results. We therefore reassessed the involvement of IL-2 and IL-15 in the development of Treg, taking into account Treg-recirculation. In three-week-old mice, when substantial amounts of recirculating Treg are present in the thymus, we found similarly reduced proportions of newly developed Treg in absence of IL-2 or IL-15, and in absence of both cytokines even less Treg developed. In neonates, when practically no recirculating Treg were found in the thymus, the absence of IL-2 led to substantially more reduced Treg-development than deficiency in IL-15. IL-2 and IL-15 differentially modulated the CD25, GITR, OX40, and CD73-phenotypes of thymus-egress-competent and periphery-seeding Treg. Interestingly, IL-2 and IL-15 also modulated the TCR-repertoire expressed by developing Treg. Upon transfer into Treg-less Foxp3sf mice, thymus-exit-competent Treg from IL-2- (and to a lesser extent IL-15-) deficient mice suppressed immunopathology less efficiently than wt Treg. Taken together, our results firmly establish important non-redundant quantitative and qualitative roles for IL-2 and, to a lesser extent, IL-15 in intrathymic Treg-development.

2022-08-29 | GSE153484 | GEO

Tuft cells and fibroblasts promote thymus regeneration through activation of a type-2 immune response [NKT_after_Dex]

Project description:The goal of this study was to understand the role of thymic natural killer T cells (NKT) in thymic regeneration following dexamethasone-induced acute involution. For this purpose we treated WT mice with dexamethasone, sorted NKT from their thymi 3 days after treatment when the thymus begins its recovery, or at an earlier time point (18 hours) for comparison, and performed bulk RNA Seq.

2024-01-11 | GSE244221 | GEO

Co-inhibition of BET proteins and PI3Kα triggers mitochondrial apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells

Project description:Remodeling transcription by targeting bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins has emerged as promising anticancer strategy. Here, we identify a novel synergistic interaction of the BET inhibitor JQ1 with the PI3Kα-specific inhibitor BYL719 to trigger mitochondrial apoptosis and to suppress tumor growth in models of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). RNA-Seq revealed that JQ1/BYL719 co-treatment shifts the overall balance of BCL-2 family gene expression towards apoptosis and upregulates expression of BMF, BCL2L11 (BIM) and PMAIP1 (NOXA) while downregulating BCL2L1 (BCL-xL).

2020-02-19 | GSE145469 | GEO

A Mesenchymal Tumor Cell State Confers Increased Dependency on the Bcl-xL Anti-apoptotic Protein in Kidney Cancer

Project description:Genome-wide genetic screens have identified cellular dependencies in many cancers. Using Novartis’ DRIVE and the Broad Institute’s Achilles shRNA screening datasets, we mined for targetable dependencies in kidney lineage cancer cells. Our studies identified a dependency, preferentially in kidney cancer cells versus cells of other lineages, on the BCL2L1 gene, which encodes the Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic protein. Genetic and pharmacological inactivation of Bcl-xL, but not its paralog BCL2, led to fitness defects in renal cancer cells, and also sensitized them to chemotherapeutics. Expression levels of Bcl-xL, VHL status, and p53 mutation status were insufficient to predict Bcl-xL dependence. Instead, analyzing the transcriptional hallmarks of response to Bcl-xL blockade identified an elevated mesenchymal cell state signature in Bcl-xL dependent lines. Functional studies to address if these cell state differences drive Bcl-xL dependence showed that maintaining mesenchymal characteristics was necessary to confer sensitivity to Bcl-xL loss; and, conversely, that promoting mesenchymal transition was sufficient to increase sensitivity to Bcl-xL inhibition in resistant cells. This mesenchymal signature was also observed in almost a third of human renal tumors, and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Detachment from an organized epithelium incites protective apoptotic responses in normal cells (e.g. anoikis); however, our findings suggest that, in mesenchymal kidney cancer cells Bcl-xL activity counteracts this protective mechanism and enables tumor cell survival. Altogether, our studies uncover an unexpected link between cellular cell state and dependence on anti-apoptotic proteins, and justify the use of Bcl-xL blockade to target a clinically aggressive subset of human kidney cancers.

2022-06-15 | GSE173618 | GEO

RNA-Sequencing analysis of BET inhibitor resistant cell lines

Project description:Targeting BET bromodomain proteins utilizing small molecules in an emerging anti-cancer strategy with clinical evaluation of at least six inhibitors now underway. While MYC downregulation was initially proposed as a key mechanistic property of BET inhibitors, recent evidence suggests that additional anti-tumor activities are important. Using the Eμ-Myc model of B-cell lymphoma we demonstrate that BET inhibition with JQ1 is a potent inducer of p53-independent apoptosis that occurs in the absence of effects on Myc gene expression. JQ1 skews the expression of pro-apoptotic (Bim) and anti-apoptotic (BCL-2/BCL-xL) BCL-2 family members to directly engage the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Consistent with this, Bim knockout or Bcl-2 overexpression inhibited apoptosis induction by JQ1. We identified lymphomas that were either intrinsically resistant to JQ1-mediated death or acquired resistance following in vivo exposure. Strikingly, in both instances BCL-2 was strongly upregulated and was concomitant with activation of RAS pathways. Eμ-Myc lymphomas engineered to express activated Nras upregulated BCL-2 and acquired a JQ1-resistance phenotype. These studies provide important information on mechanisms apoptosis induction and resistance to BET-inhibition, while providing further rationale for the translation of BET inhibitors in aggressive B-cell lymphomas.

2016-09-18 | GSE87050 | GEO

Cell-specific Interleukin-15 and Interleukin-15 receptor subunit expression and regulation in pneumococcal pneumonia

Project description:IL-15 has critical impact on the homeostasis and activation of NK, NKT, gdT and CD8+T cells, and contributes to antimicrobial defenses particularly at mucosal sites. The respiratory tract also comprises a large mucosal surface and harbors significant amounts of lymphocytes, but the expression pattern of IL-15 in the lung and its role in local immune responses are largely unknown. We therefore analyzed the differential expression of IL-15 and the IL-15 receptor (IL-15R) complex in the lungs of mice, and demonstrated substantial constitutive expression in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells, implicating contribution to pulmonary immune cell homeostasis already under normal conditions. The induction of pneumococcal pneumonia but not the infection with Chlamydophila pneumoniae evoked a significant up-regulation of IL-15 on alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells, with the latter presenting de-novo expression of IL-15 on their basolateral surface and additional up-regulation of IL-15Ra . Transcriptome analysis and semiquantitative PCR indicated at least partial transcriptional regulation. Finally, the increase of IL-15 was accompanied by enhanced expression of CD69, TNFa, IFNg and Bcl-2 by IL-15-dependent lymphocyte populations suggesting functional impact of IL-15 on the pulmonary immune response in pneumococcal pneumonia. Keywords: Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumonia, IL-15

2006-03-01 | GSE3631 | GEO

BCL-XL inhibition induces an FGFR4 mediated rescue response in colorectal cancer

Project description:The heterogeneous therapy response observed in colorectal cancer is in part due to cancer stem cells (CSCs) that resist chemotherapeutic insults. The anti-apoptotic protein BCL-XL plays a critical role in protecting CSCs from cell death, where its inhibition with high doses of BH3-mimetics can induce apoptosis. To identify pathways that can regulate sensitivity to BCL-XL inhibition, we screened a compound library for synergy with low dose BCL-XL inhibitor A-1155463 and reveal that FGFR4 inhibition effectively sensitizes to A-1155463 both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identify a rescue response that is activated upon BCL-XL inhibition and leads to rapid FGF2 secretion and subsequent FGFR4-mediated post-translational stabilization of MCL-1. FGFR4 inhibition prevents MCL-1 upregulation and thereby sensitizes CSCs to BCL-XL inhibition. Altogether, our findings suggest a cell transferable induction of a FGF2/FGFR4 rescue response in CRC that is induced upon BCL-XL inhibition and leads to MCL-1 upregulation.

2021-12-22 | GSE159504 | GEO

Single cell RNA sequencing of in vivo OVCAR8 tumor cells

Project description:CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable clinical outcomes, yet the autologous nature of FDA-approved CAR-T products present significant challenges in manufacturing, cost, and patient selection. Therefore, there is a growing demand for off-the-shelf cell therapy. Here we introduce an ex vivo feeder-free culture to differentiate gene-engineered HSCs into allogeneic NKT cells, as well as their CAR-armed and IL-15-enhanced derivatives (Allo15CAR-NKT cells). In order to study the epigenetic regulation of the generated cells, we performed DNA methylation sequencing on both IL-15-enhanced and non-IL-15-engineered AlloCAR-NKT cells. Conventional CAR-T cells were included as a control.

2024-03-07 | GSE241999 | GEO

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