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An effector TaCRVP from Tuta absoluta oral secretion impairs H₂O₂-mediated plant defense by targeting tomato SlCAT2

ABSTRACT: The arms race between plants and herbivorous insects involves sophisticated molecular strategies. Tuta absoluta ranks among the most devastating pests of Solanaceous crops. While herbivorous insects commonly secrete effector proteins to modulate plant immunity, how T. absoluta accomplishes this remains largely unknown. This study identifies TaCRVP, a novel salivary effector protein from the T. absoluta. We demonstrate that TaCRVP is delivered into plant cells during feeding and functions as a key factor by targeting the host catalase SlCAT2. We found that TaCRVP promotes SlCAT2 tetramerization, thereby enhancing its enzymatic activity to scavenge H₂O₂. Furthermore, TaCRVP enhances SlCAT2 stability by competitively inhibiting its interaction with the plant E3 ubiquitin ligase SlAdBiL, thereby blocking the SlAdBiL-mediated targeting of SlCAT2 for 26S proteasomal degradation. The consequent increase in both SlCAT2 activity and abundance effectively suppresses H₂O₂ accumulation, a critical defense signal, leading to the downregulation of jasmonic acid-mediated defenses and the biosynthesis of key compounds. Our findings reveal a convergent evolutionary strategy whereby herbivorous insect effector, like pathogen effectors, manipulates host redox homeostasis by targeting catalase. This study advances our understanding of plant-insect interactions and lays the groundwork for developing novel pest management strategies by identifying potential molecular targets.

ORGANISM(S): Solanum lycopersicum

PROVIDER: GSE332550 | GEO | 2026/06/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Plant defenses against pathogens and insects are regulated differentially by cross-communicating signaling pathways in which salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) play key roles. To understand how plants integrate pathogen- and insect-induced signals into specific defense responses, we monitored the dynamics of SA, JA, and ET signaling in Arabidopsis after attack by a set of microbial pathogens and herbivorous insects with different modes of attack. Arabidopsis plants were exposed to a pathogenic leaf bacterium (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato), a pathogenic leaf fungus (Alternaria brassicicola), tissue-chewing caterpillars (Pieris rapae), cell-content-feeding thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), or phloem-feeding aphids (Myzus persicae). Monitoring the signal signature in each plant-attacker combination showed that the kinetics of SA, JA, and ET production varies greatly in both quantity and timing. Analysis of global gene expression profiles demonstrated that the signal signature characteristic of each Arabidopsis-attacker combination is orchestrated into a surprisingly complex set of transcriptional alterations in which, in all cases, stress-related genes are overrepresented. Comparison of the transcript profiles revealed that consistent changes induced by pathogens and insects with very different modes of attack can show considerable overlap. Of all consistent changes induced by A. brassicicola, P. rapae, and F. occidentalis, more than 50% were also induced consistently by P. syringae. Notably, although these four attackers all stimulated JA biosynthesis, the majority of the changes in JA-responsive gene expression were attacker-specific. All together our study shows that SA, JA, and ET play a primary role in the orchestration of the plant's defense response, but other regulatory mechanisms, such as pathway cross-talk or additional attacker-induced signals, eventually shape the highly complex attacker-specific defense response. In the experimental set up we intended to select for genes that showed a more than 2-fold change in the same direction(up or down)at two time points after pathogen or insect attack. The results are described in the following paper:; De Vos, M., Van Oosten, V.R., Van Poecke, R.M.P., Van Pelt, J.A., Pozo, M.J., Mueller, M.J., Buchala, A.J., Metraux, J.-P., Van Loon, L.C., Dicke, M. and Pieterse, C.M.J. (2005). Signal signature and transcriptome changes in Arabidopsis upon pathogen and insect attack. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. Experimenter name = Corne Pieterse; Experimenter phone = +31 30 253 3013; Experimenter fax = +31 30 251 8366; Experimenter department = Section Phytopathology; Experimenter institute = Utrecht University; Experimenter address = Department of Biology; Experimenter address = Utrecht University; Experimenter address = Sorbonnelaan 16; Experimenter address = Utrecht; Experimenter zip/postal_code = 3584CA; Experimenter country = The Netherlands Experiment Overall Design: 14 samples were used in this experiment

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An effector TaCRVP from Tuta absoluta oral secretion impairs H₂O₂-mediated plant defense by targeting tomato SlCAT2

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