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The 11-hydroxy-jasmonic acid pathway expands jasmonate catabolic repertoire for stress-specific hormone attenuation in Arabidopsis

ABSTRACT: Jasmonates are plant hormones undergoing complex metabolic conversions, generating organ- or stimulus-specific signatures. Several jasmonates result from catabolism of the master regulator jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) that controls most jasmonate responses upon developmental or environmental cues. Hydroxylation of the precursor jasmonic acid by Jasmonic Acid Oxidases (JAO) holds a peculiar regulatory function, by attenuating basal JA-Ile formation and action, and promoting growth. Here we re-investigated the nature and origins of hydroxy-JAs and their derivatives in Arabidopsis. Using advanced analytical methods and pathway-impaired mutants, we show that JAO enzymes produce exclusively 11OH-JA and are preferentially recruited in response to fungal infection where 11-O-Glc-JA accumulates as its main glucosylated derivative. Conversly, mechanical wounding triggers the dominant formation of 12-OH-JA (and its derivatives 12-O-Glc-JA and 12-HSO4-JA) as a cleavage product of the JA-Ile catabolite 12OH-JA-Ile by amidohydrolase activity. Our findings elucidate the 11OH-JA biosynthetic pathway and reveal two distinct enzyme systems generating position-specific hydroxy-JA isomers in response to stress. Direct treatment of seedlings with 11OH-JA or 12OH-JA did not trigger specific transcriptional changes, indicating these compounds are inactive derivatives.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE336129 | GEO | 2026/08/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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