F-actin dynamics couples sphingolipid metabolism to epithelial barrier integrity in chronic colitis
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE336404 | GEO | 2026/06/24
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a hallmark of gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In IBD, the disruption of the gut barrier causes liquid loss and persistent immune response. Understanding the cellular events underlying epithelial barrier disruption during chronic inflammation is essential for targeting increased intestinal permeability. Filamentous actin (F-actin) destabilization accompanied by metabolic dysfunction has been previously reported in the Muc2 knockout colitis model; however, the mechanistic contribution of these defects to chronic intestinal barrier loss remains unclear. Here, we identify impaired cytoskeleton dynamics as a critical driver of intestinal barrier dysfunction in chronic colitis. An imbalance between polymeric and monomeric actin disrupts the epithelial barrier in both 3D organoid system and in vivo. Actin and associated factors were identified as primary interactors of claudin-3, and this interaction was reduced under chronic inflammatory conditions in vivo. Further analysis revealed ceramide metabolism as a potential metabolic regulator of actin dynamics and barrier integrity during chronic inflammation. Consistently, intestinal samples from IBD patients showed concurrent disruption of tight and adherens junctions and reduced F-actin levels. Together, these findings reveal F-actin dynamics as one of the key mechanisms of barrier dysfunction in IBD and highlight ceramide metabolism as a potential therapeutic target in IBD.
2026-04-01 | PXD076239 | Pride
Project description:Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a hallmark of gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In IBD, the disruption of the gut barrier causes liquid loss and persistent immune response. Understanding the cellular events underlying epithelial barrier disruption during chronic inflammation is essential for targeting increased intestinal permeability. Filamentous actin (F-actin) destabilization accompanied by metabolic dysfunction has been previously reported in the Muc2 knockout colitis model; however, the mechanistic contribution of these defects to chronic intestinal barrier loss remains unclear. Here, we identify impaired cytoskeleton dynamics as a critical driver of intestinal barrier dysfunction in chronic colitis. An imbalance between polymeric and monomeric actin disrupts the epithelial barrier in both 3D organoid system and in vivo. Actin and associated factors were identified as primary interactors of claudin-3, and this interaction was reduced under chronic inflammatory conditions in vivo. Further analysis revealed ceramide metabolism as a potential metabolic regulator of actin dynamics and barrier integrity during chronic inflammation. Consistently, intestinal samples from IBD patients showed concurrent disruption of tight and adherens junctions and reduced F-actin levels. Together, these findings reveal F-actin dynamics as one of the key mechanisms of barrier dysfunction in IBD and highlight ceramide metabolism as a potential therapeutic target in IBD.
2026-04-01 | MTBLS14166 | MetaboLights
Project description:IBD is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by dysregulated interactions between host immune responses and microbiome at the intestinal epithelium interface. Here we identified shared protein alterations in intestinal epithelial differentiation and function between IBD and Citrobacter rodentium infected FVB mice. We discovered that prophylactic treatment with the mucosal healing therapy IL-22.Fc in the infected FVB mice reduced disease severity and rescued the mice from lethality. Notably, we observed an emergence of intermediate undifferentiated intestinal epithelial cells upon infection, with disrupted expression of the solute transporter machinery as well as components critical for intestinal barrier integrity. Multi-omics analyses revealed that with IL-22.Fc treatment several disease associated changes were prevented (including disruption of the solute transporter machinery), and proper physiological homeostatic functions of the intestine was restored. Taken together, we unveiled the disease relevance of the C. rodentium induced colitis model to IBD and demonstrated the protective role of the mucosal healing therapy IL-22.Fc in ameliorating the epithelial dysfunction.
2023-10-05 | PXD024688 | Pride
Project description:To investigate the detailed molecular mechanisms for the regulatory role of HIF-2α in experimental colitis, microarray gene expression analysis was performed on colon RNA isolated from 6- to 8-week-old Hif-2αF/F, Hif-2αlΔIE mice treated with 3%DSS for 3 days. Background & Aims: Hypoxic inflammation is characterized by decreased oxygen tension in inflammatory foci, and is a notable feature in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Hypoxic response is mediated by transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α, both of which are highly induced in IBD. HIF-1α is a protective factor that limits intestinal barrier dysfunction during inflammation. However, the role of HIF-2α has not been assessed in hypoxic inflammation and IBD. Methods: A hypoxia reporter mouse model was used to test the presence of hypoxia and HIF-2α in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and Citrobacter rodentium (C.rod)-induced colitis. The role of HIF-2α in these mouse models of colitis was further assessed in mice with an intestinal epithelium-specific gain- and loss-of-function of HIF-2α. Results: Induction of hypoxia and HIF-2α was confirmed in both murine experimental colitis models and human IBD samples. Disruption of HIF-2α attenuated colonic inflammation whereas stabilization of HIF-2α potentiated inflammation in mouse models of colitis. Interestingly, intestine specific overexpression of HIF-2α but not HIF-1α leads to spontaneous colitis and premature death in mice. Further mechanistic analysis showed that HIF-2α is a driver for pro-inflammatory response and is critical regulator of intestinal epithelial-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Blocking TNF-α completely ameliorated HIF-2α potentiated intestinal inflammation. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that HIF-2α is a critical transcription factor essential in intestinal epithelium elicited inflammatory response. Global gene expression profiling in colon RNAs isolated from 7-week-old Hif-2αF/F (n=6, Shah 007) and Hif-2αΔIE (n=5, Shah 008).
2013-02-28 | E-GEOD-43416 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Disruption of the epithelial barrier is considered a potential cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we employed the NEMOIEC-KO mouse model to study the immune mechanisms triggering chronic colitis downstream of an epithelial barrier defect. Colitis in NEMOIEC-KO mice is driven by commensal bacteria sensing through MyD88 signaling. The IL-12p40-related cytokines are induced upon microbial sensing and are known to act critically in promoting intestinal inflammation. Yet, the relative contribution of IL-12 versus IL-23 in eliciting intestinal pathology has been controversial. Using IL-12p40, IL-12p35 and IL-23p19 knockout mice we assessed the functional contribution of IL-12 and IL-23 to intestinal inflammation in the NEMOIEC-KO model.
2019-07-23 | GSE123316 | GEO
Project description:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and relapsing inflammatory disease, and patients with IBD exhibit a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial barrier disruption is one of the major causes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which epigenetic modulations are pivotal elements. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the epithelial barrier integrity regulation remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated how SETD2, a histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase, maintains intestinal epithelial homeostasis under inflammatory conditions. GEO public database and IBD tissues were used to investigate the clinical relevance of SetD2 in IBD. To define the role of SetD2 in the colitis, we generated mice with epithelial-specific deletion of Setd2 (Setd2Vil-KO mice). Acute colitis was induced by 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and colitis-associated CRC was induced by injecting azoxymethane (AOM), followed by three cycles of 2% DSS treatments. Colon tissues were collected from mice and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry and immunoblots. Organoids were generated from Setd2Vil-KO and control mice, and were stained with 7-AAD to detect apoptosis. We isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), performed RNA-seq and H3K36me3 ChIP-seq analysis to uncover the mechanism. Results were validated in functional rescue experiments by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment and transgenes expression in IECs. SETD2 expression was decreased in IBD patients and DSS-treated colitis mice. Setd2Vil-KO mice had abnormal loss of mucosa-producing goblet cells and antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-producing Paneth cells, and promoted early intestinal inflammation development. Consistent with the reduced SETD2 expression in IBD patients, Setd2Vil-KO mice exhibited increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis, accompanied by more severe epithelial barrier disruption. Intestinal permeability was markedly increased in Setd2Vil-KO mice. Setd2 ablation drived inflammation-associated CRC. Deletion of Setd2 resulted in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to cellular apoptosis and the defects in barrier integrity. N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment in Setd2Vil-KO mice rescued epithelial barrier injury and apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of antioxidase PRDX6 in Setd2Vil-KO IECs largely alleviated the overproductions of ROS and improved the cellular survival. Deficiency of Setd2 specifically in the intestine aggravates epithelial barrier disruption and inflammatory response in colitis via a mechanism dependent on oxidative stress. More importantly, we show that Setd2 depletion results in excess ROS by directly down-regulating PRDX6, an antioxidant protein that inhibit excess ROS. Thus, our results highlight an epigenetic mechanism by which Setd2 mediates oxidative stress to modulate intestinal epithelial homeostasis.
2020-09-25 | GSE151967 | GEO
Project description:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and relapsing inflammatory disease, and patients with IBD exhibit a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial barrier disruption is one of the major causes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which epigenetic modulations are pivotal elements. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the epithelial barrier integrity regulation remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated how SETD2, a histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase, maintains intestinal epithelial homeostasis under inflammatory conditions. GEO public database and IBD tissues were used to investigate the clinical relevance of SetD2 in IBD. To define the role of SetD2 in the colitis, we generated mice with epithelial-specific deletion of Setd2 (Setd2Vil-KO mice). Acute colitis was induced by 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and colitis-associated CRC was induced by injecting azoxymethane (AOM), followed by three cycles of 2% DSS treatments. Colon tissues were collected from mice and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry and immunoblots. Organoids were generated from Setd2Vil-KO and control mice, and were stained with 7-AAD to detect apoptosis. We isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), performed RNA-seq and H3K36me3 ChIP-seq analysis to uncover the mechanism. Results were validated in functional rescue experiments by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment and transgenes expression in IECs. SETD2 expression was decreased in IBD patients and DSS-treated colitis mice. Setd2Vil-KO mice had abnormal loss of mucosa-producing goblet cells and antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-producing Paneth cells, and promoted early intestinal inflammation development. Consistent with the reduced SETD2 expression in IBD patients, Setd2Vil-KO mice exhibited increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis, accompanied by more severe epithelial barrier disruption. Intestinal permeability was markedly increased in Setd2Vil-KO mice. Setd2 ablation drived inflammation-associated CRC. Deletion of Setd2 resulted in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to cellular apoptosis and the defects in barrier integrity. N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment in Setd2Vil-KO mice rescued epithelial barrier injury and apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of antioxidase PRDX6 in Setd2Vil-KO IECs largely alleviated the overproductions of ROS and improved the cellular survival. Deficiency of Setd2 specifically in the intestine aggravates epithelial barrier disruption and inflammatory response in colitis via a mechanism dependent on oxidative stress. More importantly, we show that Setd2 depletion results in excess ROS by directly down-regulating PRDX6, an antioxidant protein that inhibit excess ROS. Thus, our results highlight an epigenetic mechanism by which Setd2 mediates oxidative stress to modulate intestinal epithelial homeostasis.
2020-09-25 | GSE151965 | GEO
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2026-01-19 | GSE300923 | GEO
Project description:The intestinal epithelium, a self-renewing single-cell layer, acts as a physical barrier isolating gut microbiota from deeper tissues. In human IBD and experimental IBD mouse models, this barrier is compromised, causing microbial infiltration and inflammation. However, the pathogenesis of IBD remains to be fully understood. Our research shows that the absence of TRMT6 in the mouse gut impairs the intestinal mucosal barrier, increasing susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis. Mechanically, loss of TRMT6 in intestinal epithelial cells disrupts m¹A modification-mediated translational control and impairs MYC protein synthesis–a deficiency that inhibits epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. Further multi-omics analyses suggest that TRMT6 deficiency may be associated with perturbations in intestinal lipid metabolism, nutrient absorption, metabolite homeostasis, and gut microbiota composition–changes that could collectively contribute to the acceleration of colitis progression. In summary, TRMT6 is crucial for maintaining small intestinal mucosal barrier function, offering insights into how its deficiency may drive gastrointestinal inflammation in IBD. Given the critical role of TRMT6 in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, our findings highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for IBD treatment.
2026-01-19 | GSE301603 | GEO
Project description:To investigate the detailed molecular mechanisms for the regulatory role of HIF-2α in experimental colitis, microarray gene expression analysis was performed on colon RNA isolated from 6- to 8-week-old Hif-2αF/F, Hif-2αlΔIE mice treated with 3%DSS for 3 days. Background & Aims: Hypoxic inflammation is characterized by decreased oxygen tension in inflammatory foci, and is a notable feature in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Hypoxic response is mediated by transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α, both of which are highly induced in IBD. HIF-1α is a protective factor that limits intestinal barrier dysfunction during inflammation. However, the role of HIF-2α has not been assessed in hypoxic inflammation and IBD. Methods: A hypoxia reporter mouse model was used to test the presence of hypoxia and HIF-2α in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and Citrobacter rodentium (C.rod)-induced colitis. The role of HIF-2α in these mouse models of colitis was further assessed in mice with an intestinal epithelium-specific gain- and loss-of-function of HIF-2α. Results: Induction of hypoxia and HIF-2α was confirmed in both murine experimental colitis models and human IBD samples. Disruption of HIF-2α attenuated colonic inflammation whereas stabilization of HIF-2α potentiated inflammation in mouse models of colitis. Interestingly, intestine specific overexpression of HIF-2α but not HIF-1α leads to spontaneous colitis and premature death in mice. Further mechanistic analysis showed that HIF-2α is a driver for pro-inflammatory response and is critical regulator of intestinal epithelial-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Blocking TNF-α completely ameliorated HIF-2α potentiated intestinal inflammation. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that HIF-2α is a critical transcription factor essential in intestinal epithelium elicited inflammatory response.
2013-02-28 | GSE43416 | GEO