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Stem cell factor programs the mast cell activation phenotype

ABSTRACT: Mast cells, activated by antigen via the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI), release an array of pro-inflammatory mediators that contribute to allergic disorders such as asthma and anaphylaxis. The KIT ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), is critical for mast cell expansion, differentiation and survival, and, under acute conditions, enhances mast cell activation. However, extended SCF exposure in vivo conversely protects against fatal antigen-mediated anaphylaxis. In investigating this dichotomy, we identified a novel mode of regulation of the mast cell activation phenotype through SCF-mediated programming. We found that mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells chronically exposed to SCF displayed a marked attenuation of FcεRI-mediated degranulation and cytokine production. The hypo-responsive phenotype was not a consequence of altered signals regulating calcium flux or protein kinase C, but of ineffective cytoskeletal reorganization, with evidence implicating a down-regulation of expression of the Src kinase Hck. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a major role for SCF in the homeostatic control of mast cell activation with potential relevance to mast cell-driven disease and the development of novel approaches for the treatment of allergic disorders.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE35332 | GEO | 2012/05/02

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA152645

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Stem cell factor programs the mast cell activation phenotype

Project description:Mast cells, activated by antigen via the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI), release an array of pro-inflammatory mediators that contribute to allergic disorders such as asthma and anaphylaxis. The KIT ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), is critical for mast cell expansion, differentiation and survival, and, under acute conditions, enhances mast cell activation. However, extended SCF exposure in vivo conversely protects against fatal antigen-mediated anaphylaxis. In investigating this dichotomy, we identified a novel mode of regulation of the mast cell activation phenotype through SCF-mediated programming. We found that mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells chronically exposed to SCF displayed a marked attenuation of FcεRI-mediated degranulation and cytokine production. The hypo-responsive phenotype was not a consequence of altered signals regulating calcium flux or protein kinase C, but of ineffective cytoskeletal reorganization, with evidence implicating a down-regulation of expression of the Src kinase Hck. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a major role for SCF in the homeostatic control of mast cell activation with potential relevance to mast cell-driven disease and the development of novel approaches for the treatment of allergic disorders. Mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells were treated with IL3, IL3+IL33, or IL3+SCF. Six replicates each.

2012-05-01 | E-GEOD-35332 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Single-cell RNA sequencing of human peripheral blood progenitors captures early mast cell differentiation

Project description:Activation of mast cells through FcεRI can result in allergic responses. The identity of mast cells progenitors is controversial, in particular whether these cells express FcεRI. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of human peripheral blood progenitors to study the appearance of FcεRI during hematopoietic progenitor differentiation.

2022-05-03 | GSE184351 | GEO

Sirtuin 6 is a negative regulator of FcεRI signaling and anaphylactic responses

Project description:Sirt6 acts as a negative regulator of FcεRI signaling cascade in mast cells by suppressing PTPRC transcription. Activation of Sirt6 may therefore represent a promising and novel therapeutic strategy for anaphylaxis.

2022-12-20 | GSE221092 | GEO

IL-33 induces a hypo-responsive human mast cell phenotype

Project description:Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is elevated in afflicted tissues of patients with mast cell-dependent chronic allergic diseases. Based on its acute effects on mouse mast cells (MCs), IL-33 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic disease through MC activation. However, the manifestations of chronic IL-33 exposure on human MC function, which best reflect the conditions associated with chronic allergic disease, are unknown. We now find that long-term exposure of human and mouse MCs to IL-33 results in a substantial reduction of MC activation in response to antigen. This reduction required >72 h exposure to IL-33 for onset and 1-2 wk for reversion following IL-33 removal. This hypo-responsive phenotype was determined to be a consequence of MyD88-dependent attenuation of signaling processes necessary for MC activation including antigen-mediated calcium mobilization and cytoskeletal reorganization; potentially as a consequence of down-regulation of the expression of PLCg1 and Hck. These findings suggest that IL-33 may play a protective, rather than a causative role in MC activation under chronic conditions and, furthermore, reveal regulated plasticity in the MC activation phenotype. The ability to down-regulate MC activation in this manner may provide alternative approaches for treatment of MC-driven disease. Mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells treated with IL3 or IL3+IL33. 6 replicates each.

2013-02-06 | E-GEOD-39382 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Proinflammatory role of histamine-releasing factor in asthma and allergy

Project description:Immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated activation of mast cells and basophils underlies allergic diseases such as asthma. Histamine-releasing factor (HRF), also known as translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) and fortilin, is a highly conserved protein with both intracellular and extracellular functions. Secreted HRF can stimulate histamine release and IL-4 and IL-13 production from IgE-sensitized basophils and mast cells. HRF is found in nasal, skin blister and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids during late-phase allergic reactions (LPRs), which implicates HRF in the LPR and chronic allergic inflammation. Here we identify a subset of IgE and IgG antibodies as HRF-interacting molecules. HRF can exist as a dimer and bind to immunoglobulins (Igs) via interactions of its N-terminal and internal regions with the Fab region of Igs. Therefore, HRF together with HRF-reactive IgE can activate mast cells in vitro. The Ig-interacting HRF peptides that block HRF-Ig interactions can inhibit IgE+HRF-induced mast cell activation and in vivo cutaneous anaphylaxis and airway inflammation. Intranasally administered HRF can recruit inflammatory immune cells to the lung in naïve mice in a mast cell- and Fc receptor-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest the proinflammatory role of HRF in asthma and skin immediate hypersensitivity. A total of 6 samples were analyzed; wild type C57BL/6, FcRg KO and FceRIa KO mice were challenged with PBS (control) or mouse histamien-releasing factor

2011-12-04 | E-GEOD-34133 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The Inhibitory Receptor Siglec-8 Interacts with FcεRI and Globally Inhibits Intracellular Signaling in Primary Mast Cells Upon Activation

Project description:Immunomodulation of mast cell (MC) activity is warranted in allergic and inflammatory diseases where MCs have a central role in pathogenesis. Targeting Siglec-8, an inhibitory receptor on MCs and eosinophils, has shown promising activity in preclinical and clinical studies. While the intracellular pathways that regulate Siglec-8 activity in eosinophils have been well studied, the signaling mechanisms that lead to MC inhibition have not been fully elucidated. Here, we evaluate the intracellular signaling pathways of Siglec‐8‐mediated inhibition in primary MCs using an anti‐Siglec‐8 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Phospho‐proteomic profiling of FcεRI‐activated MCs revealed Siglec-8 mAb-treatment globally inhibited proximal and downstream kinases, leading to attenuated MC activation and degranulation. In fact, Siglec‐8 was found to directly interact with FcεRI signaling molecules. Siglec‐8 inhibition was dependent on both cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) that interact with the SH2 containing protein phosphatase Shp-2 upon Siglec-8 phosphorylation. Taken together, these data support a model in which Siglec-8 regulates proximal FcεRI‐induced phosphorylation events through phosphatase recruitment and interaction with FcεRI, resulting in global inhibition of MCs upon Siglec-8 mAb engagement.

2022-01-21 | PXD030820 | Pride

MAZR and mast cells

Project description:Mast cells are known to be the key players in type I hypersensitivity reactions in humans and mice. They are critically involved in the development of allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma and systemic anaphylaxis. In this study we investigated the role of the transcriptional regulator MAZR in mast cells by comparing the expression profile of mast cells generated from wild-type (MazrF/F) and MAZR-deficient (MazrF/F x Vav-iCre) bone marrow cells. Our results from the array data demonstrate that MAZR acts preferentially as a transcriptional repressor in mast cells.

2013-10-18 | E-MTAB-1816 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Proinflammatory role of histamine-releasing factor in asthma and allergy

2011-12-04 | GSE34133 | GEO

IL-33 induces a hypo-responsive human mast cell phenotype

2013-02-06 | GSE39382 | GEO

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) promotes IgE-mediated mast cell activation through ROS/Gadd45b/JNK axis

Project description:Background: Mast cells play an important role in allergic responses and persistently exposure to environmental fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exacerbates allergic diseases,but the details remain elucidative. Conclusions: PM2.5 regulates ROS production through Gadd45b/MEKK4/JNK pathway, facilitating IgE-mediated mast cell activation.

2021-01-12 | GSE164537 | GEO

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