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Gene Expression profiling of transgenic mice expressing the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in muscle and brain tissues

ABSTRACT: Engineering of genetically encoded calcium indicators predominantly focused on optimizing fluorescence changes, but effects of indicator expression on host organisms have largely not been addressed. Here, we report biocompatibility and wide-spread functional expression of the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in a transgenic mouse model. To validate the model and to characterize potential effects of indicator expression we assessed both indicator function and a variety of host parameters such as anatomy, physiology, behavior and gene expression profiles in these mice. We also demonstrate the usefulness of primary cell types and organ explants prepared from these mice for imaging applications. While we do find mild signatures of indicator expression that may guide further indicator development the “green” indicator mice generated provide a well characterized resource of primary cells and tissues for in vitro and in vivo calcium imaging applications. Using expression profiling we could detect a number of transcripts regulated predominantly in heart and skeletal muscle of TN-XXL transgenic mice but only very few showed a level of regulation of a factor of two or higher and thus the majority of these changes were considered physiologically irrelevant. Remarkably this regulation occurred in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but not in brain. This suggests that skeletal muscle TnC as calcium sensing moiety within the indicator may be bio-orthogonal in brain but may lose some of this advantage in muscle tissue where it is derived from.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE39632 | GEO | 2012/07/26

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA171305

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Gene Expression profiling of transgenic mice expressing the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in muscle and brain tissues

Project description:Engineering of genetically encoded calcium indicators predominantly focused on optimizing fluorescence changes, but effects of indicator expression on host organisms have largely not been addressed. Here, we report biocompatibility and wide-spread functional expression of the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in a transgenic mouse model. To validate the model and to characterize potential effects of indicator expression we assessed both indicator function and a variety of host parameters such as anatomy, physiology, behavior and gene expression profiles in these mice. We also demonstrate the usefulness of primary cell types and organ explants prepared from these mice for imaging applications. While we do find mild signatures of indicator expression that may guide further indicator development the M-bM-^@M-^\greenM-bM-^@M-^] indicator mice generated provide a well characterized resource of primary cells and tissues for in vitro and in vivo calcium imaging applications. Using expression profiling we could detect a number of transcripts regulated predominantly in heart and skeletal muscle of TN-XXL transgenic mice but only very few showed a level of regulation of a factor of two or higher and thus the majority of these changes were considered physiologically irrelevant. Remarkably this regulation occurred in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but not in brain. This suggests that skeletal muscle TnC as calcium sensing moiety within the indicator may be bio-orthogonal in brain but may lose some of this advantage in muscle tissue where it is derived from. Factorial design comparing transgenic mice with wild type littermates in three different tissues (hippocampus, skeletal and heart muscle)

2012-07-25 | E-GEOD-39632 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mus musculus

Project description:Gene Expression profiling of transgenic mice expressing the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in muscle and brain tissues

| PRJNA171305 | ENA

Aberrant calcium influx causes fiber type shift and mitochondrial loss in skeletal muscle

Project description:Skeletal muscle excitation-contraction (EC) coupling is independent of calcium influx. In fact alternative splicing of the voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.1 actively suppresses calcium currents in mature muscle. Why this might be necessary is not known. However, splicing defects causing aberrant expression of the calcium-conducting embryonic CaV1.1e splice variant correlate with muscle weakness in myotonic dystrophy. Here we deleted CaV1.1 exon 29 in mice. The continued expression of CaV1.1e resulted in increased calcium influx during EC coupling and spontaneous calcium sparks. While overall motor performance was normal, muscle force was reduced, endurance enhanced, and the fiber type composition shifted toward slower fibers. In contrast, oxidative enzyme activity and the mitochondrial content declined. Together with the dysregulation of key regulators of the slow program these findings indicate that limiting calcium influx during skeletal muscle EC coupling is important for the calcium signalâs secondary function in the activity-dependent regulation of fiber type composition. Differential gene expression between soleus and EDL muscle fibres from wildtype and Cav1.1 delta E29 mice.

2016-04-01 | E-GEOD-67803 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Aberrant calcium influx causes fiber type shift and mitochondrial loss in skeletal muscle

Project description:Skeletal muscle excitation-contraction (EC) coupling is independent of calcium influx. In fact alternative splicing of the voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.1 actively suppresses calcium currents in mature muscle. Why this might be necessary is not known. However, splicing defects causing aberrant expression of the calcium-conducting embryonic CaV1.1e splice variant correlate with muscle weakness in myotonic dystrophy. Here we deleted CaV1.1 exon 29 in mice. The continued expression of CaV1.1e resulted in increased calcium influx during EC coupling and spontaneous calcium sparks. While overall motor performance was normal, muscle force was reduced, endurance enhanced, and the fiber type composition shifted toward slower fibers. In contrast, oxidative enzyme activity and the mitochondrial content declined. Together with the dysregulation of key regulators of the slow program these findings indicate that limiting calcium influx during skeletal muscle EC coupling is important for the calcium signal’s secondary function in the activity-dependent regulation of fiber type composition.

2016-04-01 | GSE67803 | GEO

Transcription profiling of mouse laminin alpha 2 chain deficient animals vs wild type

Project description:Mutations in the gene encoding laminin a2 chain cause congenital muscular dystrophy, MDC1A. In skeletal muscle, laminin a2 chain binds at least two receptor complexes; the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex and integrin a7b1. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying this disorder, we performed gene expression profiling of laminin a2 chain deficient mouse limb muscle. One of the down-regulated genes encodes a protein called calcium and integrin binding protein 2 (Cib2) whose expression and function is unknown. However, the closely related Cib1 has been reported to bind integrin aIIb and may be involved in outside-in-signaling in platelets. Since Cib2 might be a novel integrin a7b1 binding protein in muscle, we have studied Cib2 expression in the developing and adult mouse. Cib2 mRNA is mainly expressed in the developing central nervous system and in developing and adult skeletal muscle. In skeletal muscle Cib2 colocalizes with integrin a7B subunit at the sarcolemma and at the neuromuscular- and myotendinous junctions. Finally, we demonstrate that Cib2 is a calcium binding protein that interacts with integrin a7Bb1D. Thus, our data suggest a role for Cib2 as a cytoplasmic effector of integrin a7Bb1D signaling in skeletal muscle Experiment Overall Design: Skeletal muscle (all hind limb skeletal muscle) from 4-weeks old laminin alpha 2 chain deficient mice and 4-weeks old wild type mice were isolated individually and RNA were extracted and hybridized on Affiymetrix microarrys. Three biological replicates from each group were analyzed.

2008-10-21 | E-GEOD-12049 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Fast skeletal myosin binding protein-C regulates fast skeletal muscle contraction

Project description:Fast skeletal myosin binding protein-C (fMyBP-C) is one of three MyBP-C paralogs and is predominantly expressed in fast skeletal muscle. Mutations in the gene that encodes fMyBP-C, MYBPC2, is associated with distal arthrogryposis, while fMyBP-C protein is reduced in diseased muscle. However, the functional and structural roles of fMyBP-C in skeletal muscle remain unclear. To address this gap, we generated a homozygous fMyBP-C knockout mouse (C2-/-) and characterized it, both in vivo and in vitro. Ablation of fMyBP-C was benign in terms of muscle weight, fiber type, cross-sectional area, and sarcomere ultrastructure. However, grip strength and plantar-flexor muscle strength were significantly decreased in C2-/- compared to WT. Peak isometric tetanic force (Po) and isotonic speed of contraction were significantly reduced in isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) from C2-/- mice. In EDL muscles of C2-/- mice, small-angle X-ray diffraction revealed significant increase in equatorial intensity ratio (I1.1/I1.0) during contraction, indicating a greater degree of myosin head shift towards actin while MLL4 layer-line intensity was decreased at rest, indicating less ordered myosin heads at rest. Interfilament lattice spacing was also significantly increased in C2-/- EDL muscle compared to WT. Consistent with these findings, we observed a significant reduction of steady-state isometric force during Ca2+ activations, myofilament calcium sensitivity, sinusoidal stiffness in skinned EDL muscle fibers from C2-/- mice. Finally, C2-/- muscles displayed disruption of inflammatory and regenerative genes and increased muscle damage upon mechanical overload. Together, our data suggest that fMyBP-C is essential for maximal speed and force of contraction, sarcomere integrity, and calcium sensitivity in fast twitch muscle.

2020-11-30 | GSE160827 | GEO

TMEM203 is a Novel Regulator of Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis and is required for Spermatogenesis

Project description:Intracellular calcium signaling is critical for initiating and sustaining diverse cellular functions including transcription, synaptic signaling, muscle contraction, apoptosis and fertilization. Trans-membrane 203 (TMEM203) was identified here in cDNA overexpression screens for proteins capable of modulating intracellular calcium levels using activation of a calcium/calcineurin regulated transcription factor as an indicator. Overexpression of TMEM203 resulted in a reduction of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) calcium stores and elevation in basal cytoplasmic calcium levels. TMEM203 protein was localized to the ER and found associated with a number of ER proteins which regulate ER calcium entry and efflux. Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from Tmem203 deficient mice had reduced ER calcium stores and altered calcium homeostasis. Tmem203 deficient mice were viable though male knockout mice were infertile and exhibited a severe block in spermiogenesis and spermiation. Expression profiling studies showed significant alternations in expression of calcium channels and pumps in testes and concurrently Tmem203 deficient spermatocytes demonstrated significantly altered calcium handling. Thus Tmem203 is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cellular calcium homeostasis, is required for spermatogenesis and provides a causal link between intracellular calcium regulation and spermiogenesis. Testes were harvested from control and Tmem203 null mice at 24 weeks of age. 4 wild type testes and 5 null mice testes were probed using Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 platform.

2015-04-15 | E-GEOD-66791 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Proteomic analysis of single muscle fibres from WT and C18ORF25 KO mice

Project description:C18ORF25 is a homolog of Arkadia (RNF111), an E3 ubiquitin ligase with SUMO-interaction motifs (SIMs) (PMID: 31417085). However, C18ORF25 lacks the entire C-terminal RING domain of RNF111 which is required for ubiquitin binding suggesting it lacks ubiquitination activity and may therefore act as an adaptor or signalling scaffold (PMID: 26283374). We have previously shown that mice lacking C18Orf25 throughout the entire body have increased adiposity, decreased lean mass, lower exercise capacity and significantly reduced ex vivo skeletal muscle force production (PMID: 35882232). Skeletal muscle isolated from C18Orf25 knockout (KO) mice have reduced cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) levels, and reduced phosphorylation of several contractile proteins and proteins involved in calcium handling. Furthermore, analysis of single muscle fibres from C18Orf25 KO mice revealed impaired SR calcium cycling in fast-twitch fibres only (PMID: 35882232). Hence, we investigated these mechanisms by developing an integrated single-fibre physiology and single-fibre proteomic platform. The platform enabled us to identify hundreds of novel phenotype:protein correlations. The analysis also enabled us to identify proteome differences specifically in FT fibres following loss of C18ORF25. Taken together, our data suggest C18ORF25 is likely a multi-functional protein with several underlying mechanisms contributing to skeletal muscle physiology.

2024-01-03 | PXD045631 | Pride

Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine Improves Glucose Tolerance via AMP-activated Protein Kinase Activation

Project description:Metabolic dysfunction of skeletal muscle is often prevalent at an early stage in the development of several non-communicable diseases. Here, we investigated the effect of a myokine, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), on glucose tolerance in human and mouse skeletal muscles. SPARC knockout mice showed marked decreases in parameters for whole-body glucose metabolism, along with reduced phosphorylation of AMPK and Akt in skeletal muscle tissues compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, mice injected with SPARC showed improved glucose tolerance concomitant with AMPK activation. Exogenous SPARC treatment accelerated glucose uptake in muscle tissues isolated from wild-type mice but not from AMPKγ3 knockout mice. In muscle cells, SPARC increased glucose uptake concomitant with AMPK activation, mediated by a calcium-dependent signal. Chronic treatment of SPARC restored metabolic functions in diet-induced obese mice. These findings suggest that SPARC improves glucose metabolism via AMPK activation in skeletal muscle, providing mechanistic insights on exercise-induced metabolic benefits and physical inactivity-induced glucose intolerance.

2019-06-03 | GSE93546 | GEO

Inducible deletion of Raptor and mTOR from adult skeletal muscle impairs muscle contractility and relaxation

Project description:Skeletal muscle weakness has been associated with different pathological conditions, including sarcopenia and muscular dystrophy, and is accompanied by altered mTOR signaling. Here we wanted to better elucidate the functional role of mTOR on muscle contractility. Most loss of function studies for mTOR signaling have used the drug rapamycin to inhibit some of the signaling downstream of mTOR. However, as rapamycin does not completely inhibit all mTOR signaling, we generated a double k.o. for mTOR and for the scaffold protein of mTORC1, Raptor, in skeletal muscle. We found that dk.o. mice results in a more severe phenotype compared to Raptor or mTOR deletion alone. Indeed, they display muscle weakness, increased fiber denervation, and a slower muscle relaxation following tetanic stimulation. This is accompanied by a shift towards slow-twitch fibers and changes in the expression levels of calcium-related genes, like Serca1 and Casq1. Indeed, dk.o. mice show a decrease in calcium decay kinetics after tetanus in vivo, suggestive of a reduced calcium reuptake. In addition, RNA sequencing analysis revealed that many downregulated genes are linked to sarcomere organization, like Tcap and Fhod3. These results suggest a key role for mTOR signaling in maintaining a proper fiber relaxation in skeletal muscle.

2022-10-19 | GSE215314 | GEO

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