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Geminin represses mesendoderm cell fate acquisition in embryoid bodies

ABSTRACT: Geminin is a small nucleoprotein that neuralizes ectoderm in the Xenopus embryo. Geminin promotes neural fate acquisition of mouse embryonic stem cells: Geminin knockdown during neural fate acquisition decreased expression of neural precursor cell markers (Pax6, Sox1), while increasing expression of Pitx2, Lefty1 and Cited2, genes involved in formation of the mouse node. Here we differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies to study Geminin's ability to repress primitive streak mesendoderm fate acquisition. We used microarrays to define the sets of genes that are regulated by Geminin during cell fate acquisition in embryoid bodies, using Dox-inducible Geminin knockdown or overexpression mouse embryonic stem cell lines.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE39676 | GEO | 2014/07/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA171385

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Geminin represses mesendoderm cell fate acquisition in embryoid bodies

Project description:Geminin is a small nucleoprotein that neuralizes ectoderm in the Xenopus embryo. Geminin promotes neural fate acquisition of mouse embryonic stem cells: Geminin knockdown during neural fate acquisition decreased expression of neural precursor cell markers (Pax6, Sox1), while increasing expression of Pitx2, Lefty1 and Cited2, genes involved in formation of the mouse node. Here we differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies to study Geminin's ability to repress primitive streak mesendoderm fate acquisition. We used microarrays to define the sets of genes that are regulated by Geminin during cell fate acquisition in embryoid bodies, using Dox-inducible Geminin knockdown or overexpression mouse embryonic stem cell lines. ES cell lines for Geminin over-expression (GemOE) were treated without or with Dox from day 3 to day 5 of EB differentiation and were collected on days 4 or 5 for microarray analysis. Gem knockdown (KD) ES cell lines were treated without or with Dox from day 0 to day 4 of EB differentiation and were collected on day 4 for microarray analysis.

2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-39676 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Geminin-regulated genes during neural fate acquisition of mouse embryonic stem cells

Project description:Formation of the complex vertebrate nervous system begins when pluripotent cells of the early embryo are directed to acquire a neural fate. Although cell intrinsic controls play an important role in this process, the molecular nature of this regulation is not well defined. Here we assessed the role for Geminin, a nuclear protein expressed in embryonic cells, in neural fate acquisition from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. While Geminin knockdown does not affect the ability of ES cells to maintain or exit pluripotency, we found that it significantly impairs their ability to acquire a neural fate. Conversely, Geminin overexpression promotes neural gene expression, even in the presence of growth factor signaling that antagonizes neural transcriptional responses. These data demonstrate that Geminin’s activity contributes to mammalian neural cell fate acquisition. We investigated the mechanistic basis of this phenomenon and found that Geminin maintains a hyperacetylated and open chromatin conformation at neural genes. Interestingly, recombinant Geminin protein also rapidly alters chromatin acetylation and accessibility even when Geminin is combined with nuclear extract and chromatin in vitro. These findings define a novel activity for Geminin in regulation of chromatin structure. Together, these data support a role for Geminin as a cell intrinsic regulator of neural fate acquisition that promotes expression of neural genes by regulating chromatin accessibility and histone acetylation. Mouse embryonic stem cells were differentiated for two days in N2B27 medium, with or without Doxycycline-inducible shRNAmir knockdown of Geminin and compared by microarray. Three independent experiments were conducted, using two different mouse embryonic stem cell lines for Doxycycline-inducible knockdown of Geminin. The two ES lines express unique shRNAmir sequences targeting Geminin (shRNAmir #9 and #11) to control for off-target effects.

2011-03-18 | E-GEOD-25737 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mus musculus

Project description:Geminin represses mesendoderm cell fate acquisition in embryoid bodies

| PRJNA171385 | ENA

Geminin-regulated genes during neural fate acquisition of mouse embryonic stem cells

2011-03-18 | GSE25737 | GEO

Geminin promoter occupancy and Geminin-dependent histone acetylation during neuroectodermal cell specification

Project description:The nucleoprotein Geminin (Gmnn) promotes neural cell fate acquisition of embryonic stem cells, while knockdown reduces the efficiency of neural gene activation. This occurs, at least in part, through Geminin’s ability to promote histone hyperacetylation at neural genes, to activate their expression. In mouse models in vivo, Geminin deficiency in the embryonic neural tube between embryonic days 8.5-10.5 also reduces the expression of genes controlling neural specification and/or differentiation, contributing to neural tube defects. To determine where Geminin binding and Gmnn-dependent acetylation occurs throughout the genome, we performed ChIP-chip analysis (these data) and ChIP-seq analysis (GSE77246) to define Geminin-bound chromatin locations in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and in ESC-derived neuroectoderm. We also performed ChIP-chip analysis of H3K9 acetylation in ESC-derived neuroectoderm, with or without Doxycycline-dependent Gmnn knockdown, to define the requirements for Geminin activity for histone acetylation of promoters during neural fate specification.

2016-12-01 | GSE81450 | GEO

Mus musculus

Project description:Geminin-regulated genes during neural fate acquisition of mouse embryonic stem cells

| PRJNA134085 | ENA

Genome-wide chromatin binding profiles for Zic1 and Geminin during neuroectodermal cell specification

Project description:Cell intrinsic factors that control neuroectoderm specification of early embryonic cells include the nucleoprotein Geminin (Gmnn) and the Zic family of zinc finger transcription factors. Gmnn modulates chromatin state to activate neural gene expression during neural cell fate acquisition, while Gmnn deficiency in the forming neural plate disrupts transcriptional programs that control neural cell specification, neural plate patterning and neurogenesis, resulting in neural tube defects. Likewise, Zic1 over-expression promotes neural gene expression, while heterozygous deletion of Zic1/4 leads to Dandy-Walker malformation, the most common congenital cerebellar malformation. During embryonic development, Geminin and Zic1 expression is enriched in neuroectoderm from gastrula stages, with broad expression in the forming CNS during post-gastrula stages, when neural tube closure and neurogenesis are initiated. To gain a greater understanding of the molecular events that regulate neural cell specification, here we used ChIP-seq to define genome-wide chromatin binding profiles for Gmnn in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and for Gmnn and Zic1 during specification of ESCs into neuroectoderm.

2016-12-01 | GSE77246 | GEO

CGR8 mouse embryonic stem cells time-course experiment 0 days old vs 3 days old , 0days old vs 10 days old

Project description:time-course experiment with embryoid bodies of CGR8 mouse embryonic stem cells ; in the whole time-series RNA from 0 days old embryoid bodies were hybridized against RNA from 3 days and 10 days old embryoid bodies Keywords = embryoid bodies Keywords = mouse Keywords = time-course Keywords = oligonucleotide array Keywords: time-course

2006-04-01 | GSE2469 | GEO

Defining a developmental path to neural fate by global expression profiling of mouse ESCs and adult NS cells

Project description:Defining a developmental path to neural fate by global expression profiling of mouse embryonic stem cells and adult neural stem/progenitor cells. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE4075: Neural induction (Embrioid bodies-Retinoic acid) GSE4076: Neural induction (N2B27 monolayer cluture) GSE4077: ES, EC, NS, TS, Placenta and Neural induction (N2B27) comaprison Keywords: SuperSeries Refer to individual Series

2010-06-11 | E-GEOD-4082 | biostudies-arrayexpress

m6A RNA modification controls cell fate transition in mouse embryonic stem cells (gene expression analysis)

Project description:Here we determine the map of RNA methylation (m6A) in mouse embryonic stem cells, and embryoid bodies.

2014-10-16 | GSE52680 | GEO