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SKIP Confers Salt Tolerance through Controlling Gene Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis

ABSTRACT: A better understanding of the mechanisms for plant in response to abiotic stresses is key for the improvement of plant to resistant to the stresses. Much has been known for the regulation of gene expression in response to salt stress at transcriptional level, however, little is known at posttranscriptional level for this response. Recently, we identified that SKIP is a component of spliceosome and is necessary for the regulation of alternative splicing and mRNA maturation of clock genes. In this study, we observed that skip-1 is hypersensitive to salt stress. SKIP is necessary for the alternative splicing and mRNA maturation of several salt tolerance genes, e.g. NHX1, CBL1, P5CS1, RCI2A, and PAT10. Genome-wide analysis reveals that SKIP mediates the alternative splicing of many genes under salt stress condition, most of the new alternative splicing events in skip-1 is intron retention, which leads to the premature termination codon in their mRNA. SKIP also controls the alternative splicing by modulating the recognition or cleavage of 5' and 3' splice donor and acceptor sites under salt stress condition. Therefore, this study addresses a fundamental question on how the mRNA splicing machinery contributes to salt response at a posttranscriptional level.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE55632 | GEO | 2015/04/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA240248

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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SKIP Confers Salt Tolerance through Controlling Gene Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis

Project description:A better understanding of the mechanisms for plant in response to abiotic stresses is key for the improvement of plant to resistant to the stresses. Much has been known for the regulation of gene expression in response to salt stress at transcriptional level, however, little is known at posttranscriptional level for this response. Recently, we identified that SKIP is a component of spliceosome and is necessary for the regulation of alternative splicing and mRNA maturation of clock genes. In this study, we observed that skip-1 is hypersensitive to salt stress. SKIP is necessary for the alternative splicing and mRNA maturation of several salt tolerance genes, e.g. NHX1, CBL1, P5CS1, RCI2A, and PAT10. Genome-wide analysis reveals that SKIP mediates the alternative splicing of many genes under salt stress condition, most of the new alternative splicing events in skip-1 is intron retention, which leads to the premature termination codon in their mRNA. SKIP also controls the alternative splicing by modulating the recognition or cleavage of 5' and 3' splice donor and acceptor sites under salt stress condition. Therefore, this study addresses a fundamental question on how the mRNA splicing machinery contributes to salt response at a posttranscriptional level. Totally six samples, two treatments and two genotypes, and each have two replicats.

2015-04-01 | E-GEOD-55632 | biostudies-arrayexpress

SKIP Is a Component of the Spliceosome Linking Alternative Splicing and the Circadian Clock in Arabidopsis

Project description:Circadian clocks generate endogenous rhythms in most organisms from cyanobacteria to humans and facilitate entrainment to environmental diurnal cycles, thus conferring a fitness advantage. Both transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms are prominent in the basic network architecture of circadian systems. Posttranscriptional regulation, including mRNA processing, is emerging as a critical step for the clock function. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms linking RNA metabolism to the circadian clock network. Here we report that a conserved SNW/SKIP domain protein, SKIP, a splicing factor and component of the spliceosome, is involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of circadian clock genes in Arabidopsis. Mutation in SKIP lengthens the circadian period in a temperature sensitive manner, affects light input and the sensitivity of light resetting to the clock. SKIP physically interacts with the spliceosomal splicing factor SR45 and associates with the pre-mRNA of clock genes, such as PRR7 and PRR9, and is necessary for the regulation of their alternative splicing and mRNA maturation. Genome-wide investigations reveal that SKIP functions in regulating alternative splicing of many genes, presumably through modulating recognition or cleavage of 5' and 3' splicing site. Our study addresses a fundamental question on how the mRNA splicing machinery contributes to circadian clock functions at a posttranscriptional level. Our findings revealed that AtSKIP is a splicing factor and a component of spliceosome. To further investigate effects of mutation in SKIP on the genome-wide changes of alternative splicing, we performed ultra-highthroughput RNA sequencing, using 10-day old seedlings. Two biological replicates for both wild type (Col-0) and skip-2 were designed.

2012-12-13 | E-GEOD-32216 | biostudies-arrayexpress

SKIP Is a Component of the Spliceosome Linking Alternative Splicing and the Circadian Clock in Arabidopsis

2012-12-13 | GSE32216 | GEO

SKIP regulates ABA-mediated alternative splicing and its signaling in Arabidopsis

Project description:Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in plant development and responses to abiotic stress. A wide number of regulatory mechanisms on ABA perception and signaling are known, including transcriptional regulation and post-translational regulations; however, less to know about the post-transcriptional regulations. In this work, we have found that SKIP, a splicing factor in spliceosome, positively regulates ABA signal transduction. Mutation of SKIP, skip-1, confers ABA insensitive phenotype in seed germination, root growth, and ABA-responsive gene expression. Transformation of SKIP genomic DNA to skip-1 is able to recover its defects. SKIP binds to the pre-mRNA of genes in ABA signaling, such as PYL8, to regulate their splicing. The alternative splicing of PYL7, PYL8, ABF2, and ABI5 in ABA pathway is disrupted by skip-1, reducing the mRNA levels of them. The abnormal splicing of PP2Cs activates their transcription by skip-1, suggesting there is a feedback regulation for PP2Cs caused by skip-1. The down-regulation of PYL ABA receptors, ABF2 and ABI5 ABA response transcription factors, and the up-regulation of PP2Cs through alternative splicing reduce the plant responses to ABA in skip-1. SKIP is required for ABA-mediated genome-wide alternative splicing. ABA treatment enhances the novel splicing events in WT genome-widely. The novel alternative splicing events are increased by skip-1 in the absence and present of ABA. Our results first reveal a principle on how a splicing factor affects the ABA signaling.

2023-02-02 | GSE144823 | GEO

The Sm Core Protein SmEb Regulates Salt Stress Responses Through Maintaining Proper Splicing of RCD1 Pre-mRNA in Arabidopsis

Project description:Salt stress caused by soil salination inhibits plant growth and development that result in reduction of crop yield and threaten the food security. Several spliceosome components are considered to modify salt stress responses in plants. However, the molecular basis of spliceosome proteins adjustment to salt stress is still unclear. Here we report that an Sm core protein SmEb is required for salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. In addition, SmEb controls alternative splicing of hundreds of pre-mRNA to participate in plant response to salt stress. Our results further reveal that SmEb takes effect on maintain proper ratio of two RCD1 splicing variants to adjust to H2O2 accumulation under salt stress. Together, our findings uncover that proper alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs governed by the spliceosome component SmEb is essential for plant salt stress responses. Salt stress caused by soil salination inhibits plant growth and development that result in reduction of crop yield and threaten the food security. Several spliceosome components are considered to modify salt stress responses in plants. However, the molecular basis of spliceosome proteins adjustment to salt stress is still unclear. Here we report that an Sm core protein SmEb is required for salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. In addition, SmEb controls alternative splicing of hundreds of pre-mRNA to participate in plant response to salt stress. Our results further reveal that SmEb takes effect on maintain proper ratio of two RCD1 splicing variants to adjust to H2O2 accumulation under salt stress. Together, our findings uncover that proper alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs governed by the spliceosome component SmEb is essential for plant salt stress responses.

2023-04-01 | GSE208786 | GEO

A plant-specific splicing factor RS33 regulates abiotic stress responses in rice

Project description:Here, we investigated the function of the plant-specific SR protein RS33 in pre-mRNA splicing regulation and abiotic stress responses in rice. The loss-of-function mutant, rs33, showed increased sensitivity to salt and low-temperature stress. Genome-wide analyses of gene expression and splicing in seedlings subjected to these stresses identified multiple splice isoforms from stress-responsive genes dependent on RS33. The number of RS33-regulated genes is much higher under low-temperature stress as compared to salt stress. Our results suggest that this plant-specific splicing factor plays crucial and distinct roles during plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.

2022-06-15 | GSE194283 | GEO

AtDGCR14L plays an essential role in salt-stress tolerance via regulating pre-mRNA splicing in Arabidopsis

Project description:Although pre-mRNA alternative splicing has been demonstrated to be a crucial layer of gene expression regulation in response to salt stress, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Through integrative studies of the singular ortholog of DGCR14 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtDGCR14L), we discovered that AtDGCR14L plays an essential role in plant salt stress responses by maintaining the constitutively spliced and active isoforms of important stress- and/or ABA-responsive genes. We also identified the interaction between AtDGCR14L and spliceosome component U1-70k mediated by a highly conserved TWG motif in DGCR14, which is crucial for AtDGCR14L’s functions in salt stress responses. Moreover, we discovered the novel role of SWI3A, whose splicing is dependent on AtDGCR14L, in controlling salt stress tolerance. Collectively, these results revealed the central role of AtDGCR14L in linking plant salt-stress tolerance with pre-mRNA splicing mechanism. This work also provided new insights into the mechanism of 22q11.2 deletion-induced developmental disorders in humans.

2023-09-06 | GSE222547 | GEO

Arabidopsis thaliana

Project description:SKIP Confers Salt Tolerance through Controlling Gene Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis

| PRJNA240248 | ENA

Genome-wide analysis of stress-responsive genes and alternative splice variants in Arabidopsis roots under osmotic stresses

Project description:The shoots and roots of a plant respond differently to osmotic stress, as they have distinct functions and anatomical structures. Under conditions of high solute concentration, such as in saline soils or drought, water uptake by the roots is reduced, resulting in cellular dehydration. In this study, we performed transcriptional profiling of roots of Arabidopsis under osmotic stress conditions such as high salinity and drought using mRNA-Seq for the assessment of gene expression changes in roots of Arabidopsis. mRNA-Seq analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes showed differential expressions under both salt stress and drought stress conditions in roots and were distinct from aerial parts. We confirmed 68 transcription factor genes which is involved in osmotic stress signal transduction in roots and are connected tightly. Interestingly, well-known ABA-dependent and/or -independent osmotic stress-responsive genes were less increased in roots, indicating that osmotic stress response in roots might be regulated by stress pathways other than well-known pathways. We identified 26 osmotic stress-responsive genes, which have alternative splicing variant isoforms, showed distinct expression in roots under osmotic stress conditions from the mRNA-Seq analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that alternative splicing variants, such as ANNAT4, MAGL6, TRM19, and CAD9, have differential expressions in roots under osmotic stress conditions, indicating that alternative splicing is an important regulatory mechanism in osmotic stress response in roots. Taken together, our study suggest that many transcription factor families are involved in osmotic stress response in roots and tightly connected each other. In addition, alternative splicing and function of alternative splicing variant isoforms are also important in osmotic stress response in roots. To understand the alternative splicing mechanism in roots, further study is necessary.

2023-12-08 | GSE229217 | GEO

Genome-wide analysis of the transcriptional and alternative splicing landscape in intestinal organoids undergoing nutrient starvation or ER stress

Project description:Our study represents the first detailed analysis of the transcriptional and alternative splicing landscape of intestinal organoids undergoing stress, with biologic replicates, generated by RNA-seq technology. We report significant changes in the expression of genes involved in inflammation, proliferation and transcription, among others. Splicing events commonly regulated by both stresses affected genes regulating splicing and were associated with nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), suggesting that splicing is modulated by an auto-regulatory feedback loop during stress. Murine intestinal organoids were stimulated in triplicate with conditions for either ER stress or nutrient starvation and RNA-seq was conducted to analyze global changes in both gene expression at the transcriptional level and alternative splicing

2016-08-15 | E-GEOD-84989 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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