KRAS and YAP1 converge to regulate EMT and tumor survival
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE56175 | GEO | 2014/07/27
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA242635
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Cancer cells that express oncogenic alleles of RAS typically require sustained expression of the mutant allele for survival, but the molecular basis of this oncogene dependency remains incompletely understood. To identify genes that can functionally substitute for oncogenic RAS, we systematically expressed 15,294 open reading frames in a human KRAS-dependent colon cancer cell line engineered to express an inducible KRAS-specific shRNA. We found 147 genes that promoted survival in the setting of KRAS suppression. In this model, the transcriptional co-activator YAP1 rescued cell viability in KRAS-dependent cells upon suppression of KRAS and was required for KRAS-induced cell transformation. Acquired resistance to Kras suppression in a Kras-driven murine lung cancer model also involved increased YAP1 signaling. KRAS and YAP1 converge on the transcription factor FOS and activate a transcriptional program involved in regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Together, these findings implicate transcriptional regulation of EMT by YAP1 as a significant component of oncogenic RAS signaling Three biological replicates of primary lung adenocarcinoma cells derived from the Kras Lox-STOP-Lox-G12D;p53flox/flox (KP) mouse lung cancer model into which a doxycycline-inducible shRNA targeting Kras expressed from the 3’UTR of GFP was introduced (KP-KrasA cells) were analyzed at timepoints (days) D0, D4, and D21.
2014-07-27 | E-GEOD-56175 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer cells that express oncogenic alleles of RAS typically require sustained expression of the mutant allele for survival, but the molecular basis of this oncogene dependency remains incompletely understood. To identify genes that can functionally substitute for oncogenic RAS, we systematically expressed 15,294 open reading frames in a human KRAS-dependent colon cancer cell line engineered to express an inducible KRAS-specific shRNA. We found 147 genes that promoted survival in the setting of KRAS suppression. In this model, the transcriptional co-activator YAP1 rescued cell viability in KRAS-dependent cells upon suppression of KRAS and was required for KRAS-induced cell transformation. Acquired resistance to Kras suppression in a Kras-driven murine lung cancer model also involved increased YAP1 signaling. KRAS and YAP1 converge on the transcription factor FOS and activate a transcriptional program involved in regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Together, these findings implicate transcriptional regulation of EMT by YAP1 as a significant component of oncogenic RAS signaling. We used microarrays to compare gene expression in HCT116 cells in which we suppressed KRAS expression doxycycline-inducible shRNA targeting KRAS compared to cells treated with media alone (no shKRAS induced). We express KRAS, LacZ, and YAP1 in each condition to identify genes transcriptionally involved in the rescue of KRAS suppression. HCT116 cells harboring doxycycline-inducible shKRAS (HCTtetK) expressing either LacZ, KRAS, or YAP1, were treated with doxycycline for 30 hours to suppress KRAS. Untreated (no doxycycline) cells expressing each ORF were used as control. Total RNA was collected using PerfectPure RNA Cultured Cell Kit (5Prime) and expression profiling was performed on Human Genome U133A 2.0 Array (Affymetrix) using the Dana Farber Cancer Institute Microarray Core.
2014-07-22 | E-GEOD-55942 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer cells that express oncogenic alleles of RAS typically require sustained expression of the mutant allele for survival, but the molecular basis of this oncogene dependency remains incompletely understood. To identify genes that can functionally substitute for oncogenic RAS, we systematically expressed 15,294 open reading frames in a human KRAS-dependent colon cancer cell line engineered to express an inducible KRAS-specific shRNA. We found 147 genes that promoted survival in the setting of KRAS suppression. In this model, the transcriptional co-activator YAP1 rescued cell viability in KRAS-dependent cells upon suppression of KRAS and was required for KRAS-induced cell transformation. Acquired resistance to Kras suppression in a Kras-driven murine lung cancer model also involved increased YAP1 signaling. KRAS and YAP1 converge on the transcription factor FOS and activate a transcriptional program involved in regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Together, these findings implicate transcriptional regulation of EMT by YAP1 as a significant component of oncogenic RAS signaling. We used microarrays to compare gene expression in HCT116 cells in which we suppressed KRAS expression doxycycline-inducible shRNA targeting KRAS compared to cells treated with media alone (no shKRAS induced). We express KRAS, LacZ, and YAP1 in each condition to identify genes transcriptionally involved in the rescue of KRAS suppression.
2014-07-22 | GSE55942 | GEO
Project description:The transcriptional co-activator YAP1 oncogene is the downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, which regulates tissue homeostasis, organ size, regeneration and tumorigenesis. Multiple cancers are dependent on sustained expression of YAP1 for cell proliferation, survival and tumorigenesis, but the molecular basis of this oncogene dependency is not well understood. To identify genes that can functionally substitute for YAP1, we performed a genome-scale genetic rescue screen in YAP1-dependent colon cancer cells expressing an inducible YAP1-specific shRNA. We found that the transcription factor PRDM14 rescued cell proliferation and tumorigenesis upon YAP1 suppression in YAP1-dependent cells, xenografts, and colon cancer organoids. YAP1 and PRDM14 individually activated the transcription of calmodulin 2 (CALM2) and a glucose transporter SLC2A1 upon YAP1 suppression; and CALM2 or SLC2A1 expression was required for the rescue of YAP1 suppression. Together, these findings implicate PRDM14-mediated transcriptional upregulation of CALM2 and SLC2A1 as key components of oncogenic YAP1 signaling and dependency.
2022-01-05 | GSE182432 | GEO
Project description:Oncogenic KRAS signaling is required for tumor survival in cancers that harbor KRAS mutations. We recently performed a genome-scale expression screen to identify genes that bypass KRAS dependency. Here we demonstrate that the developmental transcription factor LHX9 rescues KRAS suppression in vitro and xenograft models. Furthermore, LHX9 decreases cell sensitivity to KRASG12C and MEK1/2 inhibitors. LHX9 promotes transcriptional changes associated with KRAS. Importantly, YAP1 upregulation by LHX9 is required for the rescue of KRAS suppression. Together we identify LHX9 as a YAP1 transcriptional regulator that permits KRAS-dependent cells to proliferate without KRAS expression.
2018-12-01 | GSE116823 | GEO
Project description:Oncogenic KRAS signaling is required for tumor survival in cancers that harbor KRAS mutations. We recently performed a genome-scale expression screen to identify genes that bypass KRAS dependency. Here we demonstrate that the developmental transcription factor LHX9 rescues KRAS suppression in vitro and xenograft models. Furthermore, LHX9 decreases cell sensitivity to KRASG12C and MEK1/2 inhibitors. LHX9 promotes transcriptional changes associated with KRAS. Importantly, YAP1 upregulation by LHX9 is required for the rescue of KRAS suppression. Together we identify LHX9 as a YAP1 transcriptional regulator that permits KRAS-dependent cells to proliferate without KRAS expression.
2018-12-01 | GSE116822 | GEO
Project description:RAS-mediated human cell transformation requires inhibition of the tumor suppressor Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Both RAS and PP2A mediate their effects by phosphoregulation, but phosphoprotein targets and cellular processes in which RAS and PP2A activities converge in human cancers have not been systematically analyzed. Here, based on mass spectrometry phosphoproteome data we discover that phosphosites co-regulated by RAS and PP2A are enriched on proteins involved in epigenetic gene regulation. As examples, RAS and PP2A co-regulate the same phosphorylation sites on HDAC1/2, KDM1A, MTA1/2, RNF168 and TP53BP1. Mechanistically, we validate co-regulation of NuRD chromatin repressor complex by RAS and PP2A. Consistent with their known synergistic effects in cancer, RAS activation and PP2A inhibition resulted in epigenetic reporter de-repression and activation of oncogenic transcription. Notably, transcriptional de-repression by PP2A inhibition was associated with increased euchromatin and decrease in global DNA methylation. Further, targeting of RAS- and PP2A-regulated epigenetic proteins decreased viability of KRAS-mutant human lung cancer cells. Collectively the results indicate that epigenetic protein complexes involved in oncogenic gene expression constitute a significant point of convergence for RAS hyperactivity and PP2A inhibition in cancer. Further, this work provides a resource for future studies focusing on phosphoregulation as a previously unappreciated layer of regulation of epigenetic gene regulation in cancer, and in other RAS/PP2A-regulated cellular processes.
2023-02-06 | GSE220592 | GEO
Project description:RAS-mediated human cell transformation requires inhibition of the tumor suppressor Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Both RAS and PP2A mediate their effects by phosphoregulation, but phosphoprotein targets and cellular processes in which RAS and PP2A activities converge in human cancers have not been systematically analyzed. Here, based on mass spectrometry phosphoproteome data we discover that phosphosites co-regulated by RAS and PP2A are enriched on proteins involved in epigenetic gene regulation. As examples, RAS and PP2A co-regulate the same phosphorylation sites on HDAC1/2, KDM1A, MTA1/2, RNF168 and TP53BP1. Mechanistically, we validate co-regulation of NuRD chromatin repressor complex by RAS and PP2A. Consistent with their known synergistic effects in cancer, RAS activation and PP2A inhibition resulted in epigenetic reporter de-repression and activation of oncogenic transcription. Notably, transcriptional de-repression by PP2A inhibition was associated with increased euchromatin and decrease in global DNA methylation. Further, targeting of RAS- and PP2A-regulated epigenetic proteins decreased viability of KRAS-mutant human lung cancer cells. Collectively the results indicate that epigenetic protein complexes involved in oncogenic gene expression constitute a significant point of convergence for RAS hyperactivity and PP2A inhibition in cancer. Further, this work provides a resource for future studies focusing on phosphoregulation as a previously unappreciated layer of regulation of epigenetic gene regulation in cancer, and in other RAS/PP2A-regulated cellular processes.
2023-02-06 | GSE220591 | GEO
Project description:RAS-mediated human cell transformation requires inhibition of the tumor suppressor Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Both RAS and PP2A mediate their effects by phosphoregulation, but phosphoprotein targets and cellular processes in which RAS and PP2A activities converge in human cancers have not been systematically analyzed. Here, based on mass spectrometry phosphoproteome data we discover that phosphosites co-regulated by RAS and PP2A are enriched on proteins involved in epigenetic gene regulation. As examples, RAS and PP2A co-regulate the same phosphorylation sites on HDAC1/2, KDM1A, MTA1/2, RNF168 and TP53BP1. Mechanistically, we validate co-regulation of NuRD chromatin repressor complex by RAS and PP2A. Consistent with their known synergistic effects in cancer, RAS activation and PP2A inhibition resulted in epigenetic reporter de-repression and activation of oncogenic transcription. Notably, transcriptional de-repression by PP2A inhibition was associated with increased euchromatin and decrease in global DNA methylation. Further, targeting of RAS- and PP2A-regulated epigenetic proteins decreased viability of KRAS-mutant human lung cancer cells. Collectively the results indicate that epigenetic protein complexes involved in oncogenic gene expression constitute a significant point of convergence for RAS hyperactivity and PP2A inhibition in cancer. Further, this work provides a resource for future studies focusing on phosphoregulation as a previously unappreciated layer of regulation of epigenetic gene regulation in cancer, and in other RAS/PP2A-regulated cellular processes.
2023-02-06 | GSE220590 | GEO
Project description:SNAIL is a key transcriptional regulator in embryonic development and cancer. Its effects in physiology and disease are believed to be linked to its role as a master regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we report EMT-independent oncogenic SNAIL functions in cancer. Using genetic models, we systematically interrogated SNAIL effects in various oncogenic backgrounds and tissue types. SNAIL related phenotypes displayed remarkable tissue- and genetic context-dependencies, ranging from protective effects as observed in KRAS- or WNT-driven intestinal cancers, to dramatic acceleration of tumorigenesis, as shown in KRAS-induced pancreatic cancer. Unexpectedly, SNAIL-driven oncogenesis was not associated with E-cadherin downregulation or induction of an overt EMT program. Instead, we show that SNAIL induces bypass of senescence and cell cycle progression through p16INK4A-independent inactivation of the Retinoblastoma (RB)-restriction checkpoint. Collectively, our work identifies novel non-canonical EMT-independent functions of SNAIL and unravel its complex context-dependent role in cancer.
2022-12-13 | PXD038726 | Pride