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Transcriptional responses of Fusarium graminearum when exposed to bacterial MAMPs

ABSTRACT: The plant fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum which has part of its life cycle in the soil generally comes in contact with bacteria. Therefore the fungus was used as fungal model to test fungal responses to bacterial presence and ascertain the presence of an innate immune system in fungi through a transcriptomics study. Bacterial presence was established by exposing young fungal cultures to the well characterised MAMPs (Microbe Associated Molecular Pattern) such as Flagellin (FLG), Lipooligosacharides (LOS) and Peptidoglycans (PGN) and water was used as the control. The results showed that the fungus reacts to the presence of MAMPs within hours and that the 3 MAMPs up-regulated a set of common genes. These significantly up-regulated common genes can be classified into categories such as energy generation, amino acid metabolism, iron uptake, secondary metabolism and transporters related to secondary metabolism. Analysis of the transcriptional reponse from FLG showed that the MAMP which was obtained comercially was blended with sucrose and this was later confirmed by the commercial provider.

ORGANISM(S): Fusarium graminearum PH-1

PROVIDER: GSE65311 | GEO | 2016/06/02

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA273653

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Genetic and molecular evidence to support the hypothesis that fungal secondary metabolites play a significant role in protecting the fungi against fungivory is scarce. We investigated the impact of fungal secondary metabolites on transcript regulation of stress related expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of the Collembola Folsomia candida feeding on mixed vs. single diets. Aspergillus nidulans wildtype (WT; Ascomycota) able to produce secondary metabolites including sterigmatocystin (ST) and a knockout mutant with reduced secondary metabolism (A. nidulans ?LaeA) were combined with the high quality fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides as mixed diets or offered as single diets. We hypothesized that (i) A. nidulans WT triggers more genes associated with stress responses compared to the A. nidulans ?laeA strain with suppressed secondary metabolism, (ii) C. cladosporioides causes significantly different transcript regulation than the A. nidulans strains ?laeA and WT, and (iii) mixed diets will cause significantly different transcript expression levels than single diets. All three hypotheses are generally supported despite the fact that many functions of the affected ESTs are unknown. The results bring molecular evidence for the existence of a link between fungal secondary metabolites and responses in springtails supporting the hypothesis that fungal secondary metabolites act as a shield against fungivory. Twenty-three day old Folsomia candida were fed ad libitum for five days to fungal cuts respectively Cladosporium cladosporoides, Aspergillus nidulans WT, Aspergillus nidulans ?LaeA and two mixed diets of C.cladosporoides/A. nidulans WT (mix 1) and C. cladosporoides/A. nudlans ?LaeA (mix2) respectively. Four biological replicates were used for every treatment and a dye swap was used with the Cy3/Cy5 labels. This resulted in 20 samples which were analysed in 10 hybridisations executed in an interwoven loop design. The C. cladosporoides diet was used as the reference in the data analysis.

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Transcriptional responses of Fusarium graminearum when exposed to bacterial MAMPs

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