Study of the impact of G9a on DNA methylation in mouse embryonic cells [seq]
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE71499 | GEO | 2015/11/13
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA291405
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:We explored the role of the lysine-methyltrasferase G9a in the control of DNA methylation during mouse embryogenesis. We provide maps of cytosine methylation by MeDIP and RRBS in G9a-deficient mouse embryos and ES cells, as well as ChIP-Seq profiles for H3K9me2 in embryos and RNA-Seq expression profiles in G9a-deficient embryos.
2015-11-13 | GSE55052 | GEO
Project description:The role of the histone methyltrasferase G9a (also known as Ehmt2) in the normal heart has not been studied extensively. To identify which genes were direct targets of G9a in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes, we performed ChIP-seq for G9a and H3K9me2 – the main histone methylation catalysed by the HMT – on cardiomyocytes isolated from normal mice (sham) and mice subject to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 1 wk, a surgical procedure that causes cardiac hypertrophy following the induction of pressure overload. We considered the best G9a-bound genomic regions as those in which G9a and H3K9me2 peaks overlapped. Since G9a contributes to trimethylation of H3K27 at a set of developmental genes through its interaction with PRC2, we also evaluated whether G9a had an effect on the distribution of this histone mark in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. To this end, we performed ChIP-seq for H3K27me3 in CMs isolated from sham and TAC mice.
2017-08-30 | GSE93752 | GEO
Project description:The role of the histone methyltrasferase G9a (also known as Ehmt2) in the normal heart has not been studied extensively. To identify the genomic regions bound to G9a in cardiomyocytes (CMs),we first generated a conditional, cardiac-specific KO mouse for this gene using the Cre-Lox approach, crossing G9a flox/flox mice with αMHC-MerCreMer mice (Cre mice were used as controls). Then we performed ChIP-seq for G9a and H3K9me2 – the main histone methylation catalysed by the HMT – on isolated G9a-KO and Cre CMs, and considered the best G9a-bound genomic regions as those that had a loss or decrease of G9a binding as well as a lower level of H3K9me2 in G9a-KO CMs. Since G9a contributes to trimethylation of H3K27 at a set of developmental genes through its interaction with PRC2, we also evaluated whether the loss of G9a had an effect on the distribution of this histone mark. To this end, we performed ChIP-seq for H3K27me3 in Cre CMs and G9a-KO CMs. Finally co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that G9a interacts with Mef2c, thus to elucidate the function of the G9a–Mef2c interaction in adult cardiomyocytes, we used ChIP-seq to define the genomic distribution of Mef2c in Cre CMs and G9a-KO CMs.
2017-08-30 | GSE93690 | GEO
Project description:Whereas DNA methylation is essential for genomic imprinting, the importance of histone methylation in the allelic repression of imprinted genes is unclear. âImprinting control regionsâ (ICRs), however, are consistently marked by histone H3 K9 methylation on their DNA-methylated allele. In the placenta, the paternal silencing along the Kcnq1 domain on distal chromosome 7 also correlates with the presence of H3-K9 methylation, but imprinted repression at these genes is maintained independently of DNA methylation. To explore which histone methyltransferase (HMT) could mediate the allelic H3-K9 methylation on distal chromosome 7, and at ICRs, we generated mouse conceptuses deficient for the SET-domain protein G9a. We find that in the embryo and placenta, the differential DNA methylation at ICRs and imprinted genes is maintained in the absence of G9a. Accordingly, in embryos, imprinted gene expression is unchanged at the domains analysed, in spite of a global loss of H3-K9 di-methylation (H3K9me2). In contrast, the placenta-specific imprinting of genes on distal chromosome 7 is lost in the absence of G9, and this correlates with a loss of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3. These findings provide the first in vivo evidence for the involvement of a SET domain protein in imprinting and highlight the importance of histone lysine methylation rather than DNA methylation in the maintenance of imprinting in the trophoblast lineage. Experiment Overall Design: Number of samples: four (two biologically replicate G9a-/- pooled placentae samples, and two biologically replicate wildtype pooled placentae samples). The first G9a-/- and wildtype replicates were used to hybridize Affymetrix MOE430A and MOE430B arrays (four arrays total). The second replicates were used to hybridize Affymetrix Mouse430_2 arrays (two arrays total).
2008-04-10 | E-GEOD-7674 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:G9a (EHMT2) and the G9a-like protein GLP (EHMT1) form a stable G9a/GLP heterodimer in embryonic stem cells and function cooperatively to establish and maintain the abundant repressive H3K9me2 modification, in addition to modifying several non-histone proteins. The G9a-dependent H3K9me2 is implicated in lineage-specific gene silencing and covers large chromosomal domains. While the mechanism of H3K9me2maintenance by G9a/GLP is known, how new patterns of this modification are established is not well understood. With this in mind, we used FLAG affinity purification of G9a under two different stringency conditions (150 and 300 mM NaCl) coupled with mass spectrometry to identify proteins stably associated with G9a/GLP, which could serve as potential recruiters of the complex to unmodified chromatin.
2016-03-16 | PXD003466 | Pride
Project description:GLP (EHMT1) functions as an H3K9me1 and H3K9me2 methyltransferase through its reportedly obligatory dimerization with G9A (EHMT2). Here, we investigated the role of GLP in oocyte and embryo development in comparison to G9A using oocyte-specific conditional knockout mouse models (G9a cKO, Glp cKO, G9a-Glp cDKO). Loss of GLP in oogenesis severely impairs oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo development, resulting in lethality before embryonic day E12.5. In contrast, loss of G9A has a milder effect with a proportion of embryos producing viable offspring. The Glp cKO also showed loss of G9A protein and, hence, was phenotypically very similar to the G9a-Glp cDKO. H3K9me2 was equally depleted in all cKO genotypes, whereas H3K9me1 was decreased only in Glp cKO and G9a-Glp cDKO oocytes. Furthermore, the transcriptome, DNA methylome and proteome were markedly more affected in G9a-Glp cDKO than G9a cKO oocytes, demonstrating that in the absence of GLP there are widespread epigenetic and gene expression changes in the oocyte independent of H3K9me2. Gene dysregulation with coupled changes in DNA methylation suggest localised loss of chromatin repression, resulting in upregulated protein expression. Together, our findings demonstrate that GLP can function independently of G9A in the oocyte and is required for oocyte developmental competence.
2022-12-02 | GSE191026 | GEO
Project description:PPARγ promotes adipogenesis while Wnt proteins inhibit adipogenesis. However, the mechanisms that control expression of these positive and negative master regulators of adipogenesis remain incompletely understood. By genome-wide histone methylation profiling in preadipocytes, we find that among gene loci encoding adipogenesis regulators, histone methyltransferase (HMT) G9a-mediated repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me2 is enriched on the entire PPARγ locus. H3K9me2 and G9a levels decrease during adipogenesis, which correlates inversely with induction of PPARγ. Removal of H3K9me2 by G9a deletion enhances chromatin opening and binding of adipogenic transcription factor C/EBP-beta to PPARγ promoter, which promotes PPARγ expression. Interestingly, G9a represses PPARγ expression in an HMT activity-dependent manner but facilitates Wnt10a expression independent of its enzymatic activity. Consistently, deletion of G9a or inhibiting G9a HMT activity promotes adipogenesis. Finally, deletion of G9a in mouse adipose tissues increases adipogenic gene expression and tissue weight. Thus, by inhibiting PPARγ expression and facilitating Wnt10a expression, G9a represses adipogenesis. Examination of gene expression changes in G9a KO brown preadipocytes
2013-02-01 | E-GEOD-41456 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:G9a and GLP lysine methyltransferases form a heterodimeric complex that is responsible for the bulk of cellular mono- and di-methylation on histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me1/me2). Widely Interspaced Zinc finger (WIZ) associates with the G9a/GLP protein complex, but its role in lysine methylation is poorly defined. Here, we show that WIZ regulates global H3K9me2 levels through a mechanism that involves retention of G9a on chromatin. We also show that WIZ-mediated chromatin loss of G9a/GLP results in altered gene expression and protein-protein interactions that are distinguishable from that of using a molecule-induced enzymatic inhibitor towards G9a/GLP – thus providing evidence that the G9a/GLP/WIZ complex has unique functions when bound to chromatin that are independent of the H3K9me2 mark DMSO, UNC0638, NS, and siWIZ treatments to HEK293T cells, assessing G9a and H3K9me2 localization, each performed in duplicate, plus one input control for each cell condition. 30 samples total.
2015-09-03 | E-GEOD-67317 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We profiled chromatin accessibility across the genome of HSPCs treated with either a small molecule inhibitor of G9a/GLP or DMSO. We observed that chromatin accessibility is dramatically altered at the regions of H3K9me2 nucleation. We have characterized the regions of H3K9me2 nucleation, revealing that H3K9me2 is nucleated in HSPCs at CpG islands (CGIs) and CGI-like sequences across the genome. Our analysis furthermore revealed a bias of H3K9me2 nucleation towards regions with low rates of C->T deamination, which typically lack DNA methylation. Lastly we examined the interaction of H3K9me2 and DNA methylation and determined that chromatin accessibility changes upon loss of H3K9me2 are dependent on the presence of DNA methylation. Examination of chromatin remodeling with FAIRE-seq in HSPCs treated with either a small molecule inhibitor of G9a/GLP or DMSO
2014-09-25 | E-GEOD-59749 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Whereas DNA methylation is essential for genomic imprinting, the importance of histone methylation in the allelic repression of imprinted genes is unclear. ‘Imprinting control regions’ (ICRs), however, are consistently marked by histone H3 K9 methylation on their DNA-methylated allele. In the placenta, the paternal silencing along the Kcnq1 domain on distal chromosome 7 also correlates with the presence of H3-K9 methylation, but imprinted repression at these genes is maintained independently of DNA methylation. To explore which histone methyltransferase (HMT) could mediate the allelic H3-K9 methylation on distal chromosome 7, and at ICRs, we generated mouse conceptuses deficient for the SET-domain protein G9a. We find that in the embryo and placenta, the differential DNA methylation at ICRs and imprinted genes is maintained in the absence of G9a. Accordingly, in embryos, imprinted gene expression is unchanged at the domains analysed, in spite of a global loss of H3-K9 di-methylation (H3K9me2). In contrast, the placenta-specific imprinting of genes on distal chromosome 7 is lost in the absence of G9, and this correlates with a loss of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3. These findings provide the first in vivo evidence for the involvement of a SET domain protein in imprinting and highlight the importance of histone lysine methylation rather than DNA methylation in the maintenance of imprinting in the trophoblast lineage. Keywords: genetic modification
2008-01-24 | GSE7674 | GEO