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ASXL1 Interacts with the Cohesin Complex to Maintain Chromatid Separation and Gene Expression for Normal Hematopoiesis [RNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: ASXL1 is frequently mutated in a spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis. Loss of Asxl1 leads to myelodysplastic syndrome-like disease in mice, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that ASXL1 interacts with the cohesin complex, which has been shown to guide sister chromotid segregation and to regulate gene expression. Loss of Asxl1 impairs the cohesin function as reflected by an impaired telophase chromatid disjunction in hematopoietic cells. ChIP-seq data revealed that ASXL1, RAD21 and SMC1A share 93% of genomic binding sites at promoter regions in lineage-cKit+ (LK) cells. We have showed that loss of Asxl1 reduced the genome binding of RAD21 and SMC1A, and altered the expression of ASXL1/cohesin target genes in LK cells. Our study underscores the ASXL1-cohesin interaction as a novel means to maintain normal sister chromatid separation and to regulate gene expression in hematopoietic cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE83961 | GEO | 2017/02/24

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA327564

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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ASXL1 Interacts with the Cohesin Complex to Maintain Chromatid Separation and Gene Expression for Normal Hematopoiesis [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:ASXL1 is frequently mutated in a spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis. Loss of Asxl1 leads to myelodysplastic syndrome-like disease in mice, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that ASXL1 interacts with the cohesin complex, which has been shown to guide sister chromotid segregation and to regulate gene expression. Loss of Asxl1 impairs the cohesin function as reflected by an impaired telophase chromatid disjunction in hematopoietic cells. ChIP-seq data revealed that ASXL1, RAD21 and SMC1A share 93% of genomic binding sites at promoter regions in lineage-cKit+ (LK) cells. We have showed that loss of Asxl1 reduced the genome binding of RAD21 and SMC1A, and altered the expression of ASXL1/cohesin target genes in LK cells. Our study underscores the ASXL1-cohesin interaction as a novel means to maintain normal sister chromatid separation and to regulate gene expression in hematopoietic cells.

2017-02-24 | GSE83960 | GEO

Depletion or cleavage of cohesin during anaphase differentially affects chromatin structure and segregation

Project description:Chromosome segregation requires both the separation of sister chromatids and the sustained condensation of chromatids during anaphase. In yeast cells, cohesin is not only required for sister chromatid cohesion but also plays a major role in determining the structure of individual chromatids in metaphase. Separase cleavage is thought to remove all cohesin complexes from chromosomes to initiate anaphase. It is thus not clear how the length and organisation of segregating chromatids are maintained during anaphase in the absence of cohesin. Here we show that degradation of cohesin at the anaphase onset causes aberrant chromatid segregation. Hi-C analysis on segregating chromatids demonstrates that cohesin depletion causes loss of intrachromatid organisation. Surprisingly, TEV-mediated cleavage of cohesin does not dramatically disrupt chromatid organisation in anaphase, explaining why bulk segregation is achieved. In addition, we identified a small pool of cohesin complexes bound to telophase chromosomes in wildtype cells and show that they play a role in the organisation of centromeric regions. Our data demonstrate that in yeast cells, cohesin function is not over in metaphase, but extends to the anaphase period when chromatids are segregating.

2022-10-01 | GSE183481 | GEO

Gene expression profiling from cohesin knockdown cells obtained grown in methylcellulose

Project description:We performed RNA-sequencing in c-Kit+ cells that were infected with retroviruses expressing shRNAs for Renilla, Rad21, Smc1a, Smc3 or Stag2. These cells were grown in methylcellulose (M3434) for either one passage (P1) or replated for five passages (P5). RNA-sequencing control (Ren) and cohesin (Rad21, Smc1a, Smc3 and Stag2) knockdown cells.

2015-09-16 | E-GEOD-72368 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Kinetochores coordinate pericentromeric cohesion and early DNA replication by Cdc7-Dbf4 kinase recruitment

Project description:Centromeres play several important roles in ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Not only do they promote kinetochore assembly for microtubule attachment, but they also support robust sister chromatid cohesion at pericentromeres and facilitate replication of centromeric DNA early in S phase. However, it is still elusive how centromeres orchestrate all these functions at the same site. Here we show that the budding yeast Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK) accumulates at kinetochores in telophase, facilitated by the Ctf19 kinetochore complex. This promptly recruits Sld3-Sld7 replication initiator proteins to pericentromeric replication origins so that they initiate replication early in S phase. Furthermore DDK at kinetochores independently recruits the Scc2-Scc4 cohesin loader to centromeres in G1 phase. This enhances cohesin loading and facilitates robust pericentromeric cohesion in S phase. Thus, we have found the central mechanism by which kinetochores orchestrate early S phase DNA replication and robust sister chromatid cohesion at microtubule attachment sites. Measurement of genome replication time for various S. cerevisiae strains. For each strain two samples were analysed: a replicating sample (from S phase) and a non-replicating sample (from G2 phase).

2013-06-06 | E-GEOD-41982 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effects of Nipped-B and Rad21 sister chromatid cohesin proteins on gene expression in Drosophila ML-DmBG3 cells

Project description:Effects of Nipped-B and Rad21 sister chromatid cohesin proteins on gene expression data in ML-DmBG3 cells derived from Drosophila melanogaster larval central nervous system We examined the effects of Nipped-B and Rad21 knockdown on gene expression in BG3 cells using microarrays that measure over 18,700 transcripts to (a) determine if the effects of cohesion on E(spl)-C and invected-engrailed expression are unique, (b) look for effects of cohesin on regulators of E(spl)-C and engrailed, and (c) obtain a comprehensive view of the effects of cohesin on gene expression.

2009-05-19 | GSE16152 | GEO

Histone chaperone NAP1 is required for sister chromatid resolution

Project description:The fidelity of chromosome duplication through cell divisions requires timely binding and release of the cohesin. Cohesin is a ring-shaped protein complex linking newly replicated sister chromatids to ensure their appropriate transmission through mitosis. Upon commencement of mitosis cohesin is removed from DNA in two steps: first, from chromosome arms resulting in sister chromatid resolution, and, second, from centromers leading to sister chromatid segregation. As DNA of eukaryotic chromosomes is assembled into chromatin, regulation of sister chromatid cohesion-segregation may involve chromatin modifying machinery, but this link is not well understood. Here we report that H2A-H2B histone chaperone NAP1, a factor, which is primarily implicated in chromatin assembly, is required for cohesin release from mitotic chromosome arms. NAP1 and cohesin protein complex interact directly and share multiple binding sites on chromatin. Depletion of the NAP1 hinders cohesin removal during mitosis resulting in accumulation of unresolved sister chromatids. Thus, in addition to its well established functions in chromatin dynamics, histone chaperone NAP1 coordinates cell cycle dependent cohesin release. These results reveal a novel molecular pathway for sister chromatid resolution and emphasizes a role for histone chaperones in control of eukaryotic genome replication and transmission. Genome-wide NAP1 and Cohesin ChIP-chip profiling in Drosophila S2 cells. The supplementary bed file S2_cohesin_sites.bed contains cohesin binding sites obtained by intersecting the sets of significant ChIP-chip peaks for SA (a cohesin subunit; stromalin) and SMC1.

2012-07-25 | E-GEOD-30938 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Kinetochores coordinate pericentromeric cohesion and early DNA replication by Cdc7-Dbf4 kinase recruitment

2013-06-06 | GSE41982 | GEO

ChIP-Seq of SA1, SA2, and Rad21 in RPE-1 and CHM13 cells

Project description:The biorientation of sister chromatids on the mitotic spindle, essential for accurate sister chromatid segregation, relies on critical centromere components including cohesin, the centromere-specific H3 variant CENP-A, and centromeric DNA. Centromeric DNA is highly variable between chromosomes yet must accomplish a similar function. Moreover, how the 50 nm cohesin ring, proposed to encircle sister chromatids, accommodates inter-sister centromeric distances of hundreds of nanometers on the metaphase spindle is a conundrum. Insight into the 3D organization of centromere components would help resolve how centromeres function on the mitotic spindle. We used ChIP-seq and super-resolution microscopy to examine the geometry of essential centromeric components on human chromosomes. ChIP-seq of SA1, SA2, and Rad21 in human cells demonstrates that cohesin subunits are depleted in -satellite arrays where CENP-A nucleosomes and kinetochores assemble. Cohesin is instead enriched at pericentromeric DNA. Structured illumination microscopy of sister centromeres is consistent, revealing a non-overlapping pattern of CENP-A and cohesin.

2023-10-11 | GSE240957 | GEO

Histone chaperone NAP1 is required for sister chromatid resolution

2012-07-26 | GSE30938 | GEO

Defective Cohesin in CdLS Mediates Gene Expression with Characteristics of Transcription Factor and Insulator Activity

Project description:The Cohesin apparatus has a canonical role in sister chromatid cohesion. Heterozygous mutations in Nipped B-like (NIPBL), SMC1A, and SMC3 have been found in 60% of probands with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS), a dominant multi-system genetic disorder with variable expression. We have performed a genome-wide transcription assessment as well as cohesin binding analysis using human lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from probands with CdLS and controls. Here, we report a unique profile of genes dysregulated in CdLS that correlates with different clinical presentations. Genome-wide analysis of cohesin binding demonstrates a preference for intergenic regions suggesting a cis-regulatory function mimicking that of an insulator. However, the binding sites are enriched within the promoter regions of the dysregulated genes and are significantly decreased in CdLS probands, indicating an alternative role of cohesin as a classic transcription factor. Cohesin also co-localizes with CTCF at the boundary elements affecting neighboring gene expression in CdLS probands. We propose that the CdLS phenotype is the result of dysregulated gene expression rather than defective sister chromatid cohesion. Phenotype specific expression profiles are also described. Keywords: Disease state analysis, Genetic modification

2009-05-28 | GSE12408 | GEO

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