DNA demethylation activates genes in seed maternal integument development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Oryza sativa
PROVIDER: GSE95107 | GEO | 2017/10/10
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA376108
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:In this study, we aim to generate genome-scale DNA methylation profiles at single-base resolution in different rice cultivars (IR64, Nagina 22 and Pokkali) under control and stress conditions. Using high-throughput whole genome bisulfite Sequencing, we generated DNA methylation maps covering the vast majority of cytosines in the rice genome. More than 152 million high quality reads were obtained for each tissue sample using Illumina platform. We discovered extensive DNA methylation in rice cultivars, identified the context and level of methylation at each site.Numerous differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among different cultivars under control and stress conditions were identified and many of them were associated with differential gene expression. The high resolution methylome maps of different rice genotypes and differentially methylated regions will serve as reference for understanding the epigenetic regulation of stress responses in plants. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing of seven control/stressed samples from three rice cultivars (IR64, N22 and Pokkali)
2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-60288 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study, we aim to generate genome-scale DNA methylation profiles at single-base resolution in different rice cultivars (IR64, Nagina 22 and Pokkali) under control and stress conditions. Using high-throughput whole genome bisulfite Sequencing, we generated DNA methylation maps covering the vast majority of cytosines in the rice genome. More than 152 million high quality reads were obtained for each tissue sample using Illumina platform. We discovered extensive DNA methylation in rice cultivars, identified the context and level of methylation at each site.Numerous differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among different cultivars under control and stress conditions were identified and many of them were associated with differential gene expression. The high resolution methylome maps of different rice genotypes and differentially methylated regions will serve as reference for understanding the epigenetic regulation of stress responses in plants.
2015-12-31 | GSE60288 | GEO
Project description:Genetic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that describes unequal expression of paternal and maternal alleles of a gene in sexually reproducing organisms including mammals and flowering plants. The function of imprinted genes was rarely reported. We report genome-wide analysis of gene expression, DNA methylation, and small RNAs in the rice endosperm and functional tests of five imprinted genes in seed development using CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology. We identified 162 maternally expressed genes(MEGs) and 95 paternally expressed genes (PEGs) in the rice endosperm, which were associated with miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements, imprinted differentially methylated loci, and some 21-22-siRNAs and lncRNAs. Remarkably, one-third of MEGs and nearly half of PEGs were associated with grain-yield quantitative trait loci and enriched in the endosperm-expressed genes. Disrupting two MEGs increased the amount of small starch granules and reduced grain size, weight, and embryo size, while mutating three PEGs reduced starch content and seed fertility. Our data support both MEGs and PEGs in rice are required for starch and nutrient accumulation, mediating offspring fitness and optimal seed size. This imprinting strategy provides potential means for improving grain yield of rice and other cereal crops.
2017-02-04 | GSE77710 | GEO
Project description:DNA demethylation activates genes in seed maternal integument development in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
| PRJNA376108 | ENA
Project description:<p><b>Background</b>: Circulating cell free (ccf) fetal DNA has enabled non-invasive prenatal fetal aneuploidy testing without direct discrimination of the genetically distinct maternal and fetal DNA. Current testing may be improved by specifically enriching the sample material for fetal DNA. DNA methylation may allow for such a separation of DNA and thus support additional clinical opportunities; however, this depends on knowledge of the methylomes of ccf DNA and its cellular contributors.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Whole genome bisulfite sequencing was performed on a set of unmatched samples including ccf DNA from 8 non-pregnant (NP) and 7 pregnant female donors and genomic DNA from 7 buffy coat and 5 placenta samples. We found CpG cytosines within longer fragments were more likely to be methylated, linking DNA methylation and fragment size in ccf DNA. Comparison of the methylomes of placenta and NP ccf DNA revealed many of the 51,259 identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were located in domains exhibiting consistent placenta hypomethylation across millions of consecutive bases, regions we termed placenta hypomethylated domains. DMRs identified when comparing placenta to NP ccf DNA were recapitulated in pregnant ccf DNA, confirming the ability to detect differential methylation in ccf DNA mixtures.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: We generated methylome maps for four sample types at single base resolution, identified a link between DNA methylation and fragment length in ccf DNA, identified DMRs between sample groups, and uncovered the presence of megabase-size placenta hypomethylated domains. Furthermore, we anticipate these results to provide a foundation to which future studies using discriminatory DNA methylation may be compared.</p>
| phs000846 | dbGaP
Project description:Purpose: The chloroplast DNA has not been primiarly analyzed in rice plants before. Hence, the objective of this study is to analyze and compare the differential methylation of chloroplast DNA in MR219 indica rice across different tissues and different developmental stages. Methods: We prepared a total of nine sodium bisulfite treated DNA libraries from three developing grain tissues, three leaf tissues at ripening stage and three leaf tissues at vegetative stage and sequenced them in Illumina Miseq platform. We performed quality trimming, alignment followed by methylation calling and differential methylation analysis using Trimmomatic v36, Bismark v16.3 and SeqMonk v40.0 on the sequencing data obtained. Statistical analysis was carried out in SeqMonk software and further validated in SPSS statistical software v22.2. Results: With an optimized data analysis workflow, we mapped around average of 26000 reads to chloroplast genome. Differential CpG and CHG methylation in SeqMonk v40.0 revealed that MR219 chloroplast DNA is differentially methylated in grain and leaf tissues and across vegetative stage and ripening stage in the leaf tissues. Chloroplast DNA from leaf at ripening stage was most methylated, followed by grain tissue and lastly leaf tissue from vegetative stage. Conclusions: Overall, it can be concluded that the organellar DNA in MR219 rice are differentially methylated at different tissues and across different developmental stages. The chloroplast DNA was most methylated in the leaf at ripening stage, followed by grain at ripening stage and leaf at vegetative stage. The functional significance of the differential methylation observed in this study needs to be investigated.
2019-02-22 | GSE115610 | GEO
Project description:Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis currently used does not achieve desirable levels of sensitivity and specificity. Recently, fetal methylated DNA biomarkers in maternal whole blood have been explored for noninvasive prenatal detection. However, such efforts cover only chromosomal aneuploidy; fetal methylated DNA biomarkers for detecting single-gene disease remain to be discovered. To address this issue, we systematically screened significantly hypermethylated genes in fetal tissues compared with maternal blood for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of various inherited diseases. First, Methylated-CpG island recovery assay combined with CpG island array was performed in four maternal peripheral bloods and their corresponding placental tissues. Subsequently, direct bisulfite sequencing and combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) were carried out to validate the reliability of methylation microarray analysis. As results, 310 significantly hypermethylated genes in fetal tissues were detected by microarray. Two of five randomly selected hypermethylated genes detected by microarray were confirmed to be hypermethylated in fetal tissue samples by direct bisulfite sequencing. All four randomly selected hypermethylated genes detected by microarray were confirmed to be hypermethylated in five independent amniotic fluid samples and five independent chorionic villus samples from 10 pregnant women by CORBA. In conclusions, We found a lot of hypermethylated genes and methylation sites in fetal tissues, some of which have great potential to be developed into molecular markers for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic disorders. Further clinical study is warranted to confirm these findings. Paired experiments, placental tissues vs. maternal peripheral bloods. Biological replicates: 4 placental tissues and 4 correspoding maternal peripheral bloods.
2012-02-22 | E-GEOD-35997 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To identify parent-of-origin biased DNA methylation, we performed high-resolution bisulfite sequencing of chromosome 16 on peripheral blood and cultured skin fibroblasts from individuals with maternal and paternal UPD(16) as well as lung tissue from patients with 16q24.1 ACDMPV-causative deletions and a normal control. We identified 22 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) with ≥5 consecutive CpG methylation sites and varying tissue-specificity, including the known DMRs associated with the established imprinted gene ZNF597 and DMRs supporting maternal methylation of PRR25, thought to be paternally expressed in lymphoblastoid cells. Lastly, we found evidence of paternal methylation on 16q24.1 near LINC01082 mapping to the FOXF1 enhancer. Using high-resolution bisulfite sequencing to evaluate DNA methylation across chromosome 16, we found evidence of novel candidate imprinted loci on chromosome 16 that would not be evident in array-based assays and could contribute to the birth defects observed in association with UPD(16)mat and in ACDMPV.
2019-04-16 | GSE125589 | GEO
Project description:Epigenetic reprogramming is required for proper regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. In Arabidopsis, active DNA demethylation is crucial for seed viability, pollen function, and successful reproduction. The DEMETER (DME) DNA glycosylase initiates localized DNA demethylation in vegetative and central cells, so-called companion cells that are adjacent to sperm and egg gametes, respectively. In rice, the central cell genome displays local DNA hypomethylation, suggesting that active DNA demethylation also occurs in rice, however, the enzyme responsible for this process is unknown. One candidate is the rice REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1a (ROS1a) gene, which is related to DME and is essential for rice seed viability and pollen function. Here, we report genome-wide analyses of DNA methylation in wild-type and ros1a mutant sperm and vegetative cells. We find that the rice vegetative cell genome is locally hypomethylated compared to sperm by a process that requires ROS1a activity. We show that many ROS1a target sequences in the vegetative cell are hypomethylated in the rice central cell, suggesting that ROS1a also demethylates the central cell genome. Similar to Arabidopsis, we show that sperm non-CG methylation is indirectly promoted by DNA demethylation in the vegetative cell. These results reveal that DNA glycosylase-mediated DNA demethylation processes are conserved in Arabidopsis and rice, plant species that diverged 150 million years ago. Finally, although global non-CG methylation levels of sperm and egg differ, the maternal and paternal embryo genomes show similar non-CG methylation levels, suggesting that rice gamete genomes undergo dynamic DNA methylation reprogramming after cell fusion.
2019-02-21 | GSE126791 | GEO
Project description:Cytosine methylation in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster has been elusive and controversial: methylcytosine has been detected at very low levels in early embryos, but the genomic location and function of methylation has not been established. We have mapped cytosine methylation genomewide in Stage 5 Drosophila embryo DNA by combining immuno-enrichment for 5-methylcytosine, bisulfite conversion, and deep sequencing. Unlike methylation patterns observed in other eukaryotic species, methylation in Drosophila is punctate and highly strand-asymmetrical; we confirmed this by direct PCR amplification and sequencing of bisulfite-converted DNA. Despite the locally asymmetric nature of methylation, large-scale patterns of methylation are symmetric. Methylated regions make up ~1% of the genome, and within these regions methylation of individual cytosines averages 2-10%. Methylation is concentrated in specific 5-base sequence motifs that are CA- and CT-rich but depleted of guanine. It is depleted from promoters, coding sequences, and most retrotransposons, and enriched in introns and in certain simple sequence repeats containing the commonly methylated motifs. Comparison with available gene expression data indicates that methylation in a gene is associated with lower expression; the X chromosome, which is subject to gene dosage compensation, is more densely methylated than the autosomes. This study firmly establishes the presence of cytosine methylation in Drosophila; the temporal overlap of methylation with the maternal-zygotic transition raises the possibility that methylation participates in the transition to zygotic gene expression. To enrich for rare cytosine methylation in Drosophila at embryonic Stage 5 (2-3 hours post-fertilization), we enriched sonicated Stage 5 genomic DNA for methylcytosine by immunoprecipitation with antibody to 5-methylcytosine. The immunoprecipitated DNA was then bisulfite converted and Illumina sequenced to obtain direct evidence for the presence of methylation. The presence and extent of DNA methylation was confirmed by Illumina sequencing of bisulfite-converted PCR amplicons.
2014-02-18 | E-GEOD-34425 | biostudies-arrayexpress