ABSTRACT: A comparative global natural products social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis of 63 co-isolated fungi guided the isolation of new scopularides C-G from Beauveria sp. CMB-F585
Project description:A comparative global natural products social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis of 63 co-isolated fungi guided the isolation of new scopularide H and known scopularide A from Scopulariopsis sp. CMB-F115
Project description:A comparative global natural products social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis of 63 co-isolated fungi guided isolation of new scopularides C-H and the known scopularides A and B from Scopulariopsis spp. CMB-F458 and CMB-F115, and Beauveria sp. CMB-F585
Project description:Chemical investigation of Scopulariopsis sp. CMB-F458 yielded the known scopularides A and B, coupled with a comparative global natural products social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis of 63 co-isolated fungi guided the isolation of six new scopularides C-H from Beauveria sp. CMB-F585 and Scopulariopsis sp. CMB-F115
Project description:Chemical investigations of Penicillium sp. CMB-STF067 is based on both the antibacterial property of its extract and the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis of 176 soil-associated fungi, guided the isolation of 4-new xanthoquinodins, jugiones A-D.
Project description:Chemical investigations of Penicillium sp. CMB-STF067 is based on both the antibacterial property of its extract and the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis of 176 soil-associated fungi, guided the isolation of 4-new xanthoquinodins, jugiones A-D.
Project description:Social experience influences multiple behaviors of many animal species, including aggression. Social isolation often increases aggressiveness. To investigater the molecular basis of social influences on aggressiveness, we performed comparative gene expression profiling on heads from 6-day-old, single-housed, more aggressive and group-housed, less aggressive male flies. Keywords: social experience
Project description:The lateral habenula (LHb) is an essential hub brain region modulating the monoamine system such as dopamine, serotonin. Hyperactivity of LHb has implications for psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia, which are commonly associated with social dysfunction. However, the role of LHb in social behavior has remained elusive. Here, we find that experiencing acute social isolation affects synaptic function in LHb and social behavior. After acute social isolation, long-term depression (LTD) in LHb is impaired and rescued by activating the 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R). Indeed, Htr4 expression in LHb is up-regulated following acute social isolation. Finally, acute social isolation enhances the social preference for familiars such as housing-mates to stranger conspecifics. Consistent with electrophysiological results, pharmacological activation of 5-HT4R in LHb restored innate social preference. These results suggest that acute social isolation influences social decisions with 5-HT4R-dependent synaptic modification in LHb.
Project description:INTRODUCTION: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are age-related vascular lesions, predisposing patients to a lifetime risk of stroke and cognitive decline. Little is known about the cellular architecture of the CMB lesional milieu as well as CMB pathobiological mechanisms. Understanding common histopathologic and transcriptomic signatures across heterogenous CMBs can aid in biomarker feature selection. METHODS: These knowledge gaps were first addressed through the morphological and quantitative assessment of human CMB autopsy tissue and E4FAD mouse CMB tissue for cell types previously implicated in neurovascular diseases. Following, assessment of human and mouse lesional differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathway enrichment discovered important common and differential mechanisms in CMB pathogenesis. These findings facilitated identification of circulating proteins, which were quantified and underwent feature selection to identify the strongest diagnostic biomarker candidate molecules. In addition, a circulating DE miRNome found mechanistically-relevant homologous miRNA between human subjects and E4FAD mice as candidates. RESULTS: Histopathologic studies identified significant increases in normalized counts of astrocytes and macrophages in human CMBs, as well as astrocytes and microglia in E4FAD murine CMBs. Spatial transcriptomics identified 781 human CMB DEGs and 448 mouse CMB DEGs, with 47 common DEGs (p<0.05, FDR-corrected). Pathway enrichment identified 110 common pathways related to vascular permeability, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation (p<0.05, FDR-corrected). A supervised literature search then found 10 blood circulating proteins that had previously been assessed in CMB patients and healthy controls. Protein levels were assessed, and elastic net feature selection identified 7 circulating protein biomarker candidates. Through miRNome sequencing, two miRNAs (p<0.1, FDR-corrected) were discovered common between human CMB patients and E4FAD mice with mechanistic ties to IPA pathways enriched from the respective transcriptomes. CONCLUSION: This is the first report to characterize the CMB microenvironment, provide mechanistic insight into its pathobiology, and identify biologically plausible circulating diagnostic biomarker features. Future studies should identify specific mechanisms related to lesion genesis, maturation, and progression to hemorrhagic stroke. In addition, studies aimed at validation of these features, and model validation in large multi-site cohorts are needed. The framework applied here paves the way for biomarker discovery in CMBs and other cerebrovascular diseases across varying contexts of use.
Project description:Social isolation is a growing global public health concern, associated not only with mental health disorders but also with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms by which chronic social isolation disrupts glucose homeostasis via sympathetic nervous system activation. To elucidate adipose tissue transcriptional responses under socially isolated conditions, inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) was collected from male C57BL/6J mice subjected to either standard group housing or single housing for 8 weeks (n = 3 per group). Bulk RNA sequencing was performed to characterize differential gene expression. Analysis revealed substantial transcriptional reprogramming in iWAT from isolated mice, including upregulation of thermogenic and lipid metabolic pathways, such as Ucp1, and activation of key transcriptional regulators like Pparg. These findings suggest that social isolation induces sympathetic-driven metabolic remodeling in adipose tissue. The dataset provides valuable insight into how psychosocial stress influences peripheral metabolic gene networks and may contribute to stress-related metabolic disorders.