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Endogenous Sulfane Sulfur Mediates the Oxidative Stress Response Process in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT: Sulfane sulfur species are increasingly recognized as integral cellular components involved in sig-naling pathways and cytoprotection against oxidative stress in mammals. While their production in bacteria has been extensively studied, their functional role in bacterial oxidative stress defense re-mains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that sulfane sulfur generated by sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase reduces the sensitivity to H2O2 in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Notably, this protective mechanism does not depend on sulfane sulfur acting as a direct H2O2 scavenger via electrophilic reactions. Through persulfidated proteomic profiling, we reveal that persulfidation is a prominent post-translational modification of P. aeruginosa, reflecting the prevalence of deprotonated sulfane sulfur species. These species modify cysteine residues from proteins, including the well-known oxidative stress regulator OxyR. Specifically, sulfane sulfur modiﬁes OxyR at Cys199 to form a persulﬁdated OxyR C199-SSH, endowing a single-Cys activated state that modulates promoter ac-tivities and DNA-binding affinity. Furthermore, persulfidation mediated by sulfane sulfur protects the critical cysteine residue of LpdG, a ROS-vulnerable glycolytic enzyme, from irreversible hy-peroxidation. Although LpdG is not part of the canonical H2O2 scavenging system, its preservation is essential for cell viability under oxidative stress. These findings establish endogenous sulfane sulfur as key mediators of antioxidant defenses in P. aeruginosa.

ORGANISM(S): Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

SUBMITTER: Weining Sun

PROVIDER: PXD078215 | iProX | Sat May 09 00:00:00 BST 2026

REPOSITORIES: iProX

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Project description:Background: During gut colonization, the enteric pathogen C. jejuni has to surmount the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species produced by its own metabolism, by the host immune system and by the intestinal microflora. Elucidation of C. jejuni oxidative stress defense mechanisms is critical for understanding Campylobacter pathophysiology. Results: The mechanisms of oxidative stress defenses in Campylobacter jejuni were characterized by transcriptional profiling, genes mutagenesis, and phenotypic analysis. The transcriptome changes, in response to H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide, or menadione exposure, were found to be oxidant specific and revealed the differential expression of genes belonging to a variety of biological pathways, from the classical oxidative stress defense systems, to the heat shock response, DNA repair and metabolism, fatty acid and capsule biosynthesis, and multidrug efflux pumps. To define the peroxide sensing regulator PerR, an isogenic mutant was constructed and its transcriptome profile compared to the wild-type strain. Sixty-six genes were found to belong to the PerR regulon. PerR appear to regulate gene expression both dependently and independently of the presence of iron and/or H2O2. The perR mutant was affected in its motility and attenuated in the chick colonization model. Mutagenic and phenotypic studies of the superoxide disumutase SodB, the alkyl-hydroxyperoxidase AhpC, and the catalase KatA, revealed their role in oxidative stress defenses and chick gut colonization. Conclusion: This study reveals the interplay between PerR, the iron metabolism and the oxidative stress defenses and highlights their role in the colonization and/or survival of C. jejuni in the chick cecum. Keywords: Transcriptional response to 3 oxidants (H2O2, menadione and cumene hydroperoxide) and characterization of the perR regulon (comparison of the transciptomes from the wild-type and perR mutant). To investigate the transcriptional responses of C. jejuni to oxidant exposure, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), or menadione sodium bisulfite (MND) was added to the 50 ml broth at a final concentration of 1 mM. The same amount of water or DMSO was added to the bacterial culture that served as reference samples for the transcriptional profile study in response to H2O2, MND or CHP. Furthermore, to investigate the transcriptional response of C. jejuni to H2O2 exposure in the presence of excess iron, ferrous sulfate was added to the bacterial culture at a final concentration of 40 µM, 15 min prior to H2O2 exposure. Ten minutes after the addition of the oxidant, total RNA was extracted and processed for microarray hybridization. To identify the PerR regulon, the wild-type strain C. jejuni NCTC 11168 and the perR mutant were grown in 500 ml flasks containing 250 ml of MEMα medium. At mid-log phase, 50 ml of the cultures were transferred to 100 ml flasks and ferrous sulfate and/or H2O2 were added . Ten minutes following the addition of H2O2 the cells were collected and the total RNA extracted.

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Endogenous Sulfane Sulfur Mediates the Oxidative Stress Response Process in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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