Dataset Information

Proteomic Responses of Longissimus Dorsi Muscle in Holstein Cows to Transport Stress

ABSTRACT: In this study, proteomic data of the longissimus dorsi muscle were collected from Holstein cows subjected to long-distance transport and non-transported control Holstein cows.

ORGANISM(S): Bos Taurus

SUBMITTER: Zhaomin Lei

PROVIDER: PXD080786 | iProX | Thu Jul 09 00:00:00 BST 2026

REPOSITORIES: iProX

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Project description:The amount of muscle reserves of dairy cattle in late gestation is related to production performance including calf size and milk yield in the postpartum. Branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) supplementation may close energy gaps experienced in late gestation dairy cows, as relative to unsupplmented control it increases blood glucose levels. Our objective was to compare longissimus dorsi muscle transcriptomes and morphology between cows with high muscle (HM) versus low muscle (LM) reserves and in response to BCVFA supplementation. At 42 d before expected calving (BEC) Holstein dairy cows were enrolled in a 2 x 2 factorial study of diet and muscle reserves, by assigning to control (CON) or BCVFA supplemented diets and HM or LM groups based on depth of longissimus dorsi at 42 d BEC. We biopsied the longisumus dorsi at 21 d BEC, isolated total RNA, ribo-depleted samples and sequenced RNA using paired end reads. After trimming, DSeq2 was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG). Using a raw p-value cut-off of <0.05, 713 DEG were identified between HM and LM groups and 481 DEG between BCVFA and CON. Transcriptional signatures and morphology indicated differential distribution of Type II fibers between muscle groups, with MYH1 (encods type IIx) greater in LM and MYH2 (encodes type IIA) greater in HM cattle. LM cattle relative to HM showed transcriptome evidence for activation of autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome, and Ca2+-calpain pathways. HM cattle expressed higher levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and factors that regulate ECM proteolysis and turnover. Genes that regulate fatty acid degradation and flux of carbons into the TCA cycle as acetyl CoA were increased by BCVFA supplementation. HM and LM cattle have distinct molecular signatures that indicate differences in type II fiber distribution and potentially different metabolic strategies to close energy and amino acid gaps due to metabolic demands in late gestation, whereas BCVFA supplementation increases substrates for energy generation.

Dataset Information

Proteomic Responses of Longissimus Dorsi Muscle in Holstein Cows to Transport Stress

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