Project description:SIRT3 has been shown to inhibit HCMV infection, but the mechanism under the antiviral effect is not clear. To identify the mediator of SIRT3 antiviral function, we aim to identify and quantify SIRT3 interactions during HCMV infection. A set of large-scale IPs were performed to determine the specific interactions with SIRT3 during infection, while small-scale IPs were conducted to determine the temporal interactions over the life cycle of infection. The mitochondrial proteome was used to characterize the changes of protein abundances after infection, and it was used for the normalization of acetylation.
Project description:We performed a loss-of-function, RNA interference screen to define new therapeutic targets in multiple myeloma, a genetically diverse plasma cell malignancy. Unexpectedly, we discovered that all myeloma lines require caspase-10 for survival, irrespective of their genetic abnormalities. The transcription factor IRF4 induces both caspase-10 and its associated protein cFLIPL in myeloma, generating a protease that does not induce apoptosis but rather blocks an autophagy-dependent cell death pathway. Caspase-10 inhibits autophagy by cleaving the BCL2-interacting protein BCLAF1, itself a strong inducer of autophagy that acts by displacing beclin-1 from BCL2. While myeloma cells require a basal level of autophagy for survival, caspase-10 tempers this response to avoid cell death. Drugs that disrupt this vital balance may have therapeutic potential in myeloma. To generate a gene expression signature of caspase 10 signaling in multiple myeloma, cell lines (SKMM1 n=16, KMS12 n=8 and H929 n=12) were transduced with retroviral vectors expressing either shCasp10-2 or shCasp10-3. Similarly, lymphoma cell lines (OCI-Ly7 n=2 and OCI-Ly19 n=2) were transduced and used as a control. Following puromycin selection, shRNA expression was induced for 24 to 120 hours and gene expression was measured, comparing uninduced (Cy3) to induced (Cy5) cells, using lymphochip microarrays. Biological repeats were performed of H929 and SKMM1 samples.
Project description:Burkitt lymphoma (BL) can often be cured by intensive chemotherapy, but the toxicity of such therapy precludes its use in the elderly and in patients with endemic BL (eBL) in developing countries, necessitating new strategies. The normal germinal center B cell is the presumed cell of origin for both BL and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), yet gene expression analysis suggests that these malignancies may utilize different oncogenic pathways. BL is subdivided into a sporadic subtype (sBL) that is diagnosed in developed countries, the EBV-associated eBL subtype, and an HIV-associated subtype (hivBL), but it is unclear whether these subtypes employ similar or divergent oncogenic mechanisms. Here we used high throughput RNA sequencing and RNA interference screening to discover essential regulatory pathways that cooperate with MYC, the defining oncogene of this cancer. In 70% of sBL cases, mutations affecting the transcription factor TCF3 (E2A) or its negative regulator ID3 fostered TCF3 dependency. TCF3 activated the pro-survival PI(3) kinase pathway in BL, in part by augmenting tonic B cell receptor signaling. In 38% of sBL cases, oncogenic CCND3 mutations produced highly stable cyclin D3 isoforms that drive cell cycle progression. These findings suggest opportunities to improve therapy for patients with BL. Gene expression was analyzed using Agilent human 4X44K oligo gene expression arrays. Cell lines (Namalwa, BL41, Daudi, Defauw, and THOMAS) were infected with control (empty vector, Cy3) paired with ID3 (Cy5) or control (shControl, Cy3) paired with shTCF3 (Cy5) constructs, and changes in gene expression were monitored over time after induction of the constructs with doxycyclin. In Namalwa (n=8) and THOMAS (n=4) cell lines, a four timepoint series (24, 48, 72, 96 hours) of construct induction was analyzed, for a total of 12 arrays. In BL41 (n=4), Daudi (n=4) and Defauw (n=4) cell lines, a two timepoint series (24 and 48 hours) of construct induction was analyzed, for a total of 12 arrays. In addition, two cell lines (Daudi and THOMAS) were treated with Rapamycin (100 pM) and paired with a DMSO control in a four timepoint series (3, 6, 12 and 24 hours) for a total of 8 arrays.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE18486: CDK inhibitors PHA-848125 and PHA-690509 profiling on A2780 GSE18498: CDK inhibitor PHA-793887 profiling on A2780 GSE18501: CDK inhibitor PHA-848125 gene expression profiling on MCF7 cell line GSE18504: Flavopiridol profiling on A2780 GSE19638: Compounds profiling on MCF7 Refer to individual Series
Project description:Covalent drug discovery efforts are growing rapidly but have major unaddressed limitations. These include high false positive rates during hit-to-lead identification; the inherent uncoupling of covalent drug concentration and effect [i.e., uncoupling of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD)]; and a lack of bioanalytical and modeling methods for determining PK and PD parameters. We present a covalent drug discovery workflow that addresses these limitations. Our bioanalytical methods are based upon a mass spectrometry (MS) assay that can measure the percentage of drug-target protein conjugation (% target engagement) in biological matrices. Further we develop an intact protein PK/PD model (iPK/PD) that outputs PK parameters (absorption and distribution) as well as PD parameters (mechanism of action, protein metabolic half-lives, dose, regimen, effect) based on time-dependent target engagement data. Notably, the iPK/PD model is applicable to any measurement (e.g., bottom-up MS and other drug binding studies) that yields % of target engaged. A Decision Tree is presented to guide researchers through the covalent drug development process. Our bioanalytical methods and the Decision Tree are applied to two approved drugs (ibrutinib and sotorasib); the most common plasma off-target, human serum albumin; three protein targets (KRAS, BTK, SOD1), and to a promising SOD1-targeting ALS drug candidates.
Project description:Colorectal cancer is a common cancer and causes high mortality worldwide. It is urgent to explore its pathogenesis and seek effective therapeutic strategies. Here, the author showed that EEF1D expression in colorectal cancer cells is required to promote tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, we further performed the proteomic analysis to gain a deeper mechanistic understanding of EEF1D in CRC. We found that EEF1D interacted with various cancer-related proteins. These interactions further support the importance of EEF1D in colorectal cancer.