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Cross-feeding and co-degradation within a bacterial consortium dominated by challenging-to-cultivate Leucobacter sp. HA-1 enhances sulfonamides degradation

ABSTRACT:

Background: The use of sulfonamides (SAs) caused residual pollution in the environment. Bacteria play an important role in the degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics, and microbial consortium offers advantages over single bacterium. However, the complex degradation process and interaction mechanisms within such consortiums still poorly understood.

Results: Here, a consortium named ACJ, consisting of Leucobacter sp. HA-1, Bacillus sp. HC-1 and Gordonia sp. HAEJ-1, obtained from activated sludge of pharmaceutical plants, was identified as capable of degrading various SAs. Several papers failed to get the pure culture of Leucobacter sp. in the degradation of SAs, here we successfully obtained the Leucobacter sp. HA-1 pure culture involved in the degradation of SAs with the growth factors provided by strain HC-1 or HAEJ-1. Strain HA-1 was responsible for the initial attack of sulfonamide molecules resulting in the release of 2-aminoquinoxaline (2-AQ) and trihydroxybenzene (HHQ), which were further degraded and used for growth by strain HAEJ-1. Genomic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed genes associated with nucleotide repair, ABC transporters, quorum sensing, TCA cycle and cell cycle in strain HA-1 were up-regulated during co-culture compared without the other two strains, which indicated that HA-1 utilized certain factors from strain HC-1 or HAEJ-1 for growth.

Conclusion: These results revealed that there was a bidirectional ecological relationship of cross-feeding and co-degradation among consortium ACJ. In summary, this study provides new insights into the mechanisms of microbial consortium interaction and co-degradation in antibiotic-contaminated environments.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS11473 | MetaboLights | 2024-11-08

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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Project description:We have developed a 60-mer oligonucleotide multibacterial microarray for detection and expression profiling of biodegradative genes and bacterial diversity (16S rRNA gene) in different habitats contaminated with varieties of hazardous chemicals. The genes selected were involved in biodegradation and biotransformation of various groups of compounds viz. nitroaromatic compounds (148 genes), chloroaromatic compounds (75 genes), monoaromatic compounds (373 genes), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (174 genes), pesticides/ herbicides (34 genes), alkanes/aliphatics (185 genes) and heavy metals (68 genes), which covered a total number of 133 chemicals. The efficiency (specificity, detection sensitivity) of the developed array was evaluated using the labeled genomic DNA of pure bacterial strains, Escherichia coli DH5α and Sphingomonas sp. strain NM-05 (involved in the biodegradation of γ-hexachlorohexane isolated from IPL, Lucknow) at different concentrations of 300ng, 500ng, 800ng, 1000ng and 1250ng. The specificity of the developed array was further validated using mixed cultures containing three strains (Sphingomonas sp. strain NM-05, Rhodococcus sp. strain RHA1 and Bordetella sp. strain IITR-02) involved in biodegradation of γ-hexachlorohexane, biphenyl and chlorobenzenes respectively. The mixed culture also contained non-target/non-degrader strains (E. coli DHα, E.coli BL21 and E.coli K12 NCTC50192). The developed array was applied for profiling using the total soil DNA in five contaminated habitats of north India, viz. chloroaromatic chemicals contaminated site (India Pesticide Limited, Chinhat, Lucknow), a river sediments (Gomti river sediment, Lucknow), heavy metal industry dump site (Jajmau industrial area Kanpur), a effluent treatment plant (CETP along Ganges river near Kanpur), and an oil refinery (Mathura oil refinery). Hybridization of 16S rRNA probes revealed the presence of bacteria similar to well characterized genera involved in biodegradation of pollutants. Genes involved in complete degradation pathways for hexachlorocyclohexane (lin), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (tcb), naphthalene (nah), phenol (mph), biphenyl (bph), benzene (ben), toluene (tbm), xylene (xyl), phthalate (pht), Salicylate (sal) and resistance to mercury (mer) were detected with highest intensity. The most abundant genes belonged to hydroxylases, monooxygenases and dehydrogenases which were present in all the five samples. Many compound specific genes which initiate the degradation pathway were also detected. Thus, the array developed and validated here may be useful in assessing the biodegradative potential and composition of environmentally useful bacteria in hazardous ecosystems.

			Action	DRS
	NEG_Ha19ZGQ_HC_CK_2.raw	Raw
	NEG_Ha19ZGQ_HC_CK_4.raw	Raw
	NEG_Ha19ZGQ_HC_CK_6.raw	Raw
	NEG_Ha19ZGQ_HC_HA_2.raw	Raw
	NEG_Ha19ZGQ_HC_HA_5.raw	Raw

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Cross-feeding and co-degradation within a bacterial consortium dominated by challenging-to-cultivate Leucobacter sp. HA-1 enhances sulfonamides degradation

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