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Cell Atlas and Novel Signal Processing Strategy in Primate Insular Cortex

ABSTRACT:

The anterior insular cortex (AIC) is a critical hub integrating exteroceptive and interoceptive information into high-order cognition, yet its neural basis remains incompletely understood. Here, by combining whole-cell-based single-cell transcriptomics with Patch-seq recordings, we resolved and characterized 78 detailed cell types in the macaque AIC, revealing the diversity and specialization of this region in cell type, connectivity profile, signal-processing strategy, and metabolic characteristics. Among these, we identified two transcriptomically and morphoelectrically defined von Economo neuron (VEN) subtypes, DSG2-expressing VEN-L and POC5-expressing VEN-S, transcriptomically relating to extratelencephalic and corticothalamic projection neurons, respectively. We also uncovered a previously underappreciated signal-processing strategy in VENs, whereby the geometry of the dendrite-originating axon initial segment (AIS) reshapes action potential dynamics and enhances somatic responsiveness to deep-layer synaptic inputs. Together, this multimodal atlas establishes a molecular and functional framework for investigating the circuit principles underlying deep-layer projection neurons in the primate AIC.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - alternating - hilic

PROVIDER: MTBLS13927 | MetaboLights | 2026-02-28

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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			Action	DRS
	a_MTBLS13927_LC-MS_alternating_hilic_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	i_Investigation.txt	Txt
	m_MTBLS13927_LC-MS_alternating_hilic_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular
	s_MTBLS13927.txt	Txt

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